The joint popped out. Displaced kneecap

The most severe situation occurs with intra-articular fractures of the bones that form the knee joint. At the same time, irregularities appear on the rubbing surfaces of the bones - steps, due to displacement, destroying the joint. The exact comparison of fragments is provided only by the operation.

Ultra-high frequency therapy helps to recover faster, it is used during the entire course of treatment. This is a heat treatment. Other physiotherapy procedures may also be prescribed. Everything depends on the specific case.

The doctor can also prescribe massage, it will improve blood circulation and help you recover faster. Therapeutic exercise is essential for recovery after an injury. After a few days, the patient should gradually get up and develop the leg.

Fact! With such damage, visits to sanatoriums have a very beneficial effect.

As for the operation, such therapy is used in severe and advanced cases. With its help, you can quickly restore the work of the knee, avoid various unpleasant consequences and complications. At surgical intervention usually, physiotherapy, massage and gymnastics are also needed.

Prevention

For get well soon you must strictly follow the instructions of the doctor. If the patient removes the bandage on his own and gives heavy load on a cup, a reverse reaction may occur - a second flight. Relapse can also occur when certain medications are discontinued or physiotherapy exercises. In addition, if the joint is not properly adjusted, there may be various diseases cartilage and bones, discomfort and pain will be felt. Therefore, it is necessary to consult an experienced doctor.

To become healthy after a dislocation of the patella, you must strictly follow the doctor's recommendations. In general, it is best to avoid this problem. Moderate exercise will help in this, maintaining a normal weight. Legs should rest, that is, you can not overload. For any minor injury, you should immediately contact a doctor, this will help reduce the risk of further complications, including dislocation of the calyx.

In childhood, everyone was faced with an injury when you run, fall and severe pain pierces your knee. This flew the so-called. Everyone knew that the knee joint flies out sometimes, so no one was particularly worried about the injury. But is she really that harmless? And what if the knocked-out cup did not fall into place?

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Features of the pathology

The knee has a complex anatomical structure that ensures the smooth operation of this organ. A person walks every day, one way or another squats, jumps, runs and even falls. Therefore, there is a very large load. And if you take into account the extra weight and lack of vitamins in the body, it is clear that the knee "suffers". Therefore, it is not surprising that the cup pops out under heavy loads.

It happens that the knee flew out and got back on its own. But for this you need to immediately leave your leg alone and it is possible to apply an ice compress to the affected area. All the same, it is necessary to consult a specialist, since such an injury cannot go unnoticed. And sooner or later it will remind you of itself again - with a rupture of ligaments, and many other signs.

Causes

May be caused by the following reasons:

1. A blow to the knee joint or a fall.
2. Excessive load on the leg.
3. Overweight.
4. Awkward movements, stumbling, twisting.
5. Flat feet.
6. Uncomfortable shoes.
7. Joint changes with age.

Over time, if you do not pay attention to the injury, it develops into a chronic dislocation, which is fraught with its consequences, especially in old age.

Associated symptoms

Symptoms of trauma are quite common and familiar to almost everyone. First comes the pain. It can have different intensity and duration depending on the degree of damage. Also, a hematoma or bruise (when hit or dropped), redness and bruising may appear on the sore spot.

It is important to provide first aid. That is, apply something cold (preferably ice). Keep the leg slightly elevated if there is a hematoma or bruising.

Diagnostics

Before you ask yourself what to do with such an injury, you need to carefully diagnose it. How to determine at home that a cup has flown out:

1. The pain radiates to the groin, to the thigh.
2. There is no way to fully extend the leg.
3. In addition to hematomas, bruises, a fossa may appear. This immediately means that the joint is not in its place.
4. When moving, the leg seems to mow, tuck.

What research does the doctor:

• X-ray. The method may not always be informative. Sometimes it is not enough to diagnose and prescribe treatment.
• CT scan. The method allows to determine damage to the ligamentous apparatus.

Treatment Methods

First of all, drug therapy is carried out, which is prescribed for non-serious injuries. In this case, restoring ointments and gels, ice compresses, and immobilization of the limb are necessary. For severe injuries, you may need surgical intervention. A method is needed if the joint is severely damaged and simply immobilizing the limb will not help.

In addition, apply folk treatment. It is used when there is no allergy to natural ingredients and it is possible to lie down all the time when applying these recipes.

First aid

First of all, you need to remember first aid. It will help a person a lot and make his life easier.

Action algorithm:

1. Put the patient down.
2. Apply ice to the affected area.
3. Spread the affected area with anesthetic ointment - Ibuprofen, Voltaren.
4. Immediately you need to call an ambulance or take the patient to the hospital for qualified assistance.

With a mild injury, the doctor prescribes bed rest, reducing the load on the knee. Also for removing pain syndrome and swelling, you can apply ointments, gels of directed action. To reduce the activity of the joint, orthoses, bandages, elastic bandage. In more severe and serious cases, a cast may be applied to keep the joints immobile. The term of wearing such an attribute is up to one month.

Surgical intervention

If, during an injury, a fall, not only did the cup fly out, but the ligaments and tendons were damaged, then an operation is prescribed. One of the most gentle and effective methods is arthroscopy. The intervention consists in the fact that three incisions are made, into one of which a device is inserted for lighting, into the other two - for the actual operation. After the intervention, all incisions are carefully sutured. Therefore, the rehabilitation period during such an operation is short and almost painless.

If the joint flies out constantly, and then becomes back, but there is still pain, discomfort when walking, then endoprosthetics will be needed. This is a rather serious and expensive operation. Therefore, it is desirable not to run the pathology to such a state. It is better to get rid of it earlier and not have such consequences and complications. But one of the most important advantages of such an operation is that after implanting the plate, a person retains his former activity for thirty years.

Physiotherapy, exercise therapy

After treatment, it is important to start recovering properly. The rehabilitation period involves the use of the following procedures:

• Therapeutic gymnastics. Exercise therapy helps prevent the formation of stagnant processes. also in postoperative period thanks to gymnastics, there are no adhesions, muscle tone increases.
• Massage. It can be carried out both by a professional and independently. But it is worth noting that the first sessions should be carried out by a massage therapist, who will tell everything in detail, show and at first will not give a strong load on the joint. It is advisable to conduct sessions in the morning and evening for no more than ten minutes.
• Electrophoresis. Also a very useful physiotherapy procedure. It can be carried out only in a hospital and only with the recommendation of a doctor.

Folk remedies

You can also try one of the folk methods. Consider the most effective:

1. Make a lemon compress. Squeeze out the citrus and dip gauze in it. Apply to the knee.
2. The same can be done only with raw potatoes. Grate the peeled potatoes on a fine grater, squeeze out the juice and apply the cake to the sore joint.
3. You can have a massage session, and then smear the damaged area with honey. Cover with cellophane, and wrap with a woolen scarf on top. Keep at least half an hour.
4. AT summer time can be used fresh leaves burdock, applying them to sore spots.

Video "How to set the knee"

In this video, you will learn how to properly adjust a protruding kneecap.

Diseases of the jaw joint affect up to 60% of the population. Among all the pathology, there are also dislocations of the specified joint. They are characterized by head displacement mandible in relation to the articular cavity temporal bone. And for those who have encountered similar problem, a lot of questions arise: why the dislocation develops, how it proceeds and what needs to be done to eliminate it. A comprehensive answer will be obtained after consulting a doctor.

General information

The lower jaw is an integral component of the skull. Thanks to its mobility, such important functions for a person as chewing and speech formation are provided. And this became possible only with the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). It is a paired articulation that supports movement in several axes: frontal (up-down), sagittal (forward-backward) and vertical (right-left). Anatomically, the joint is formed by the head of the lower jaw and the corresponding fossa on the temporal bone, and between them lies a cartilaginous plate - a disk. Stabilization is provided by the capsule and ligaments, of which highest value has a lateral (lateral) - it prevents excessive displacement of the head backwards.

Causes

Dislocation of the lower jaw is mainly observed in women who have reached middle and old age. This is due to the morphological features of the joint: weaker ligaments, lower height of the articular tubercle or depth of the fossa. A similar pathology occurs in young people when the jaw is displaced due to the application of external mechanical force to it. A recurrent dislocation often appears against the background of some articular pathology. Therefore, the causes of the phenomenon under consideration are:

1. Injuries (direct hit or fall).
2. Excessive opening of the mouth (with yawns, screaming, dental procedures).
3. Arthritis (rheumatic, gouty).
4. Arthrosis of the jaw joint.

It should also be borne in mind that dislocations may reappear due to untimely, incorrect or incomplete treatment, if the patient does not follow the doctor's recommendations on protective regime(exposing the jaw to stress) or insufficient duration rehabilitation period. Each case has its own set of factors that predispose to the development of pathology.

Dislocations of the lower jaw appear due to a single cause or a combination of several factors.

Classification

Dislocations have several varieties, corresponding to clinical picture pathology and relationships between the morphological elements of the joint. They can be acute when the displacement occurs suddenly when exposed to a traumatic factor. Depending on the degree of dislocation of the articular structures, there is a complete dislocation and subluxation. In the second case, only partial separation of the head of the mandible and the corresponding fossa on the temporal bone is observed without damage to the capsule.

Excessive mobility of the joint of the lower jaw is also called hypermobility. It includes both subluxations and recurrent dislocations of the TMJ. The latter are characterized by the fact that the displacement is repeated repeatedly. In turn, they include chronic and habitual dislocation of the jaw, which differ in clinical presentation.

Based on the nature of the dislocation of the articular surfaces, the following types of dislocation of the lower jaw are distinguished:

• Front, rear or side.
• Single or double sided.

As a rule, doctors are faced with anterior displacements, which, moreover, will be observed on both sides, because the joint is combined. Posterior and lateral, and even more so unilateral dislocation, is observed much less frequently.

Symptoms

With a dislocation of the jaw, the symptoms are determined by the nature of the pathology and the type of displacement. The moment when this happens, patients feel a specific click and sharp pain. There are other signs of dislocation of the jaw joint:

• Asymmetry of the lower half of the face.
• Inability to close the mouth.
• Difficulties in chewing and speaking.
• Deformation of the periarticular region (protrusion or retraction).

Habitual dislocation is always preceded by an acute displacement, which can be reduced independently or with the help of a doctor. It can occur several times a day, even after a slight load on the joint, which is facilitated by stretching of the surrounding ligaments and capsule. In turn, constant instability causes severe discomfort and reduces the quality of life of patients.

As a rule, the diagnosis of pathology is not difficult. Anterior dislocation is identified by drooping of the jaw and its deviation forward. The patient is unable to swallow saliva, which accumulates in the mouth and drips from the lips. With posterior dislocations, the articular head is displaced towards the upper jaw. This creates a risk of fracture of the bone wall of the auditory canal.

During primary examination the doctor evaluates the volume of mouth opening, the mobility of the articular heads and the presence of extraneous noise (clicks, friction). Palpation is carried out from the outside - in the area of ​​​​the projection of the joint - and also with the help of a finger inserted into ear canal. In chronic dislocation of the jaw, the head slides freely to the sides, going beyond the glenoid fossa.

Symptoms of a dislocation of the lower jaw are quite characteristic, so there should be no problems in the diagnostic plan.

Additional examination

Despite the simplicity of detecting a dislocation of the jaw joint, the final diagnosis can only be made after a comprehensive examination of the patient. Additional Research required for this include:

1. General blood and urine tests.
2. Blood biochemistry (rheumatic tests, antibodies, electrolytes, etc.).
3. Radiography (orthopantomography, panoramic sonography).
4. Tomography (MRI and CT).
5. Electromyography.
6. Axiography.

Patients need to consult a maxillofacial surgeon, an orthopedic dentist, and if metabolic disorders in the body are detected, an endocrinologist. It is necessary to differentiate dislocation of the lower jaw with other conditions that have similar signs, namely the “clicking jaw” syndrome and deforming arthrosis of the TMJ.

Treatment

It is necessary to treat dislocations of the jaw joint, taking into account all the features of the pathology: clinical course, structural changes, general condition patient. There are two ways to solve the problem: conservative and operational. Which one to choose, the doctor will say. And the patient needs to follow his recommendations in everything.

Reposition

A subluxation of the jaw does not need to be repositioned, and if the articular surfaces have completely shifted, then only the correct reposition will help return them to their normal position. Doctors prefer to use conservative methods, but sometimes they still do not give the expected effect. As a rule, they try to set the jaw using the Hippocratic method:

• The patient sits on a chair with a fixed head.
• Local anesthesia of the periarticular area is performed.
• The doctor puts his thumbs on the molars, and with the rest he covers the jaw from the side.
• The last stage is pressure on the jaw so that its head moves down, and then back and up, entering the articular fossa.

When the jaw is set, a characteristic click is felt, which indicates proper conduct procedures. So the head enters the articular cavity. Meanwhile, the reducer must have time to remove his fingers from the patient's mouth, as it will close abruptly. After a successful manipulation, a sling-like bandage is applied to the victim with a bandage or a special splint to prevent movement and promote tissue healing.

An old and habitual dislocation of the lower jaw needs a different correction. Such patients are shown surgical intervention, the purpose of which will be to eliminate the displacement, strengthen the ligamentous-capsular apparatus, or increase the height of the articular tubercle. And in case of complicated pathology, ruptures of surrounding tissues are sewn up, damaged vessels and nerves are restored. Access - open or laparoscopic - depends on the type of operation.

The reduction of a dislocated jaw is a manipulation that is performed by a conservative or operational way. The technique depends on the type of pathology.

Rehabilitation

With the dislocation of the lower jaw, treatment should be comprehensive. After reduction of the dislocation, they proceed to rehabilitation activities. In the doctor's arsenal, there are various methods that will accelerate the restoration of articular tissues. These include:

1. Medications (vitamins, chondroprotectors).
2. Physiotherapy (electrophoresis, laser and magnetotherapy).
3. Massage of chewing muscles.
4. Myogymnastics.

At the final stage, orthodontic and orthopedic treatment is necessary, without which there is a risk of relapse. But at individual approach to therapy and the patient's full implementation of the doctor's recommendations, one can hope for a complete cure and restoration of joint function.

Thus, dislocations in the jaw joint are a common and extremely unpleasant phenomenon. They can seriously impair and limit the usual life. But in order to minimize the consequences, you should consult a doctor in time. The specialist will diagnose and tell the patient how to set his jaw and the best way to continue treatment for quick recovery joint functions.

The human body is far from perfect, and for some reason something always “breaks” in it, hurts, causes discomfort, and worries. How doctors joke; "There are no healthy people, there are underexamined ones." This article is about back pain. This symptom is so common that, probably, every inhabitant of our planet will be able to tell his story about it.

As you know, a symptom is not yet a disease, therefore, in order to get to the bottom of the problem, doctors usually find out in detail the characteristics of the pain syndrome, the features of the appearance and concomitant symptoms. Based on these data and examination data, it is possible to make an initial diagnosis and decide what to do with the patient further.

A bit of anatomy

The loin is the part of the back delimited from above by the last pair of ribs and the upper edge of the first lumbar vertebra, from below - by the spines of the iliac bones and the lumbosacral joint, and from the sides - by the continuation of the posterior axillary lines. It's kinda back abdominal wall, which is a musculoskeletal framework that supports our body in vertical position and protecting internal organs: kidneys, intestines, pancreas and others.

Lumbar spine represented by five massive vertebrae, between which are elastic intervertebral discs that perform the depreciation function. well developed ligamentous apparatus. The muscle mass is represented mainly by the fibers of the latissimus dorsi and muscles, straightening the spine These muscles carry the most load.

Characteristics of the pain syndrome

People describe their pain in different ways: it pulls, it hurts, it cuts, it burns, it pricks, it hurts sharply, and so on. It often happens that one can already make a diagnosis based on this description.

Here, for example, discomfort in the lower back can be with many diseases, starting with the pathology of internal organs, ending with tuberculosis of the spine. Discomfort is generally a very vague concept. It seems not yet pain, but it already worries and interferes with a full life.

When the patient is concerned about constant pain in the lower back, then osteochondrosis or osteoarthritis can be assumed. This is degenerative diseases accompanied by moderate pain against the background of destruction intervertebral discs, reducing the distance between the vertebrae and compression of nerve fibers.

Throbbing pain in lumbar of the spine is characteristic of lumbago - acute attack conditioned pinched lumbar nerve.

If the lower back hurts very much and at the same time they are worried frequent urges urination, then this is renal colic. This pain syndrome is typical for urolithiasis. At the same time, the person spins on the bed in a "top". Often the pain is so pronounced that it can only be stopped in a hospital with the help of strong narcotic analgesics (promedol).

Often the lumbar spine constantly hurts with scoliosis (S-shaped curvature of the spine). Such pain is moderate, unobtrusive, a person gets used to it and sometimes does not pay attention to it.

Girdle pain in the lower back is characteristic of the pathology of the pancreas. Such pains appear after an error in the diet (abuse of acute fried food, alcohol). Usually the attack is accompanied by nausea and vomiting, bloating is disturbing.

Pain in the area of ​​the lumbosacral joint may be due to spondylolisthesis, when the fifth lumbar vertebra "slips" off the massive base of the sacrum. At the same time, pinch nerve roots lumbosacral plexus.

So why does your back hurt? An unequivocal answer to this question cannot be given without special survey none, not even the most experienced doctor. Because too many diseases manifest pain in the lumbar region.

All causes of lower back pain can be divided into three groups:

1. back pain;
2. Diseases of internal organs;
3. Radiating pains.

back pain

This group brings together a large number of inflammatory, degenerative and traumatic diseases of the back itself, that is, skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscles, ligaments, as well as cartilage and bone structures(i.e. vertebrae and intervertebral discs).

Let's start with the skin. In some people, the back is covered with a pronounced hairline, and often boils and sometimes carbuncles can form here (purulent-necrotic inflammation hair follicles). In this case, there will be pain in the lumbar region, there will be an increase in temperature, on examination - a cone-shaped formation, the skin in the abscess area is hot to the touch, red, A necrotic rod can be visualized in the center.

AT subcutaneous tissue back after a bruise or against the background of osteomyelitis of the spine, diffuse inflammation (phlegmon) may develop. In this case, the pain will be pulsating in nature, the symptoms of intoxication (fever, weakness, chills) will sharply increase. The necrotic process can spread under the fascia into the intermuscular spaces.

With myositis latissimus dorsi muscle(actual inflammation of the muscles) also hurts the back in the lower back.

It happens that during sports a person pulled back muscles and ligaments(when lifting the bar, for example). In this case, there will also be problems with the lower back.

Most often, of course, people are concerned about pain in the lumbar spine associated with various diseases:

• Inflammatory (spondyloarthritis) and infectious diseases (osteomyelitis, tuberculosis);
• Degenerative diseases (osteochondrosis, protrusion or disc herniation, spondylosis);
• Congenital pathology (Spina Bifida - nonunion of the vertebral arch is more common in the fifth lumbar vertebra);
• Oncological formations (vertebral hemangioma, sarcoma, osteoid osteoma and the like);
• Injuries (dislocations, fractures).

With all these diseases, the back hurts in the lumbar region, however, the characteristics of the pain and the accompanying symptoms will be different:

1. With osteochondrosis, only discomfort in the lower back can disturb, or maybe an acute pain attack with limitation of motor activity;
2. The tumor grows slowly, crowding out the normal bone tissue, the pain appears only on late stages when nerve fibers are compressed;
3. Infectious diseases are characterized by the formation of a purulent-necrotic focus in the vertebral body and are manifested mainly by symptoms of intoxication (fever, chills, weakness, fatigue), in the later stages, with an undiagnosed process, the reason for applying for medical care become pathological fractures;
4. protrusion and disc herniation in the lumbar areas do not show themselves for a long time. But as the protrusion grows, compression of the lumbar roots occurs. spinal nerves, leading not only to the appearance of a pronounced pain syndrome, but also to disruption of the normal functioning of the pelvic organs (urinary and fecal incontinence). There may be sensory impairment and motor functions in the lower limb on the side of the lesion;
5. Injuries, as a rule, are characterized by sharp pain at the moment of impact and damage to the integrity of tissues;
6. Spondyloarthritis, in addition to the appearance of a persistent pain syndrome, leads to ankylosis - fusion of the affected vertebrae with each other. At the same time, the volume of active and passive movements in the lower back is limited. A person partially loses the ability to self-service.

Diseases of the internal organs

Lower back pain is also noted in some diseases of the internal organs:

• stomach ulcer or twelve duodenal ulcer when it is localized on the back wall, it is very often manifested by pain in the region of the first lumbar vertebra. It is very important not to miss a perforated (perforated) ulcer, since it is often covered and is diagnosed only with the development of purulent complications (retroperitoneal phlegmon) or peritoneal symptoms ( sharp pain in the abdomen, not relieved by analgesics, fever, marked weakness, vomit).
• Acute pancreatitis develops after an error in the diet, while the pain is girdle. Be sure to perform a gastroscopy so as not to miss perforated ulcer.
• Pain in the lumbar region with urolithiasis is called renal colic, it is characterized by urination disorders, there is a change in the color of urine if the stone has injured the mucous membrane of the urinary tract.
• Diseases of the female genital organs (endometriosis, fibroids) are also manifested by lower back pain, usually before menstruation and in the first days.
• Acute appendicitis with its atypical location: behind the caecum and behind the peritoneum. Back pain is often accompanied by fever, vomiting, the patient drags his right leg.
• Hernia of the PTI triangle (area bounded from below by a ridge ilium, in front - by the posterior edge of the external oblique muscle, and behind the anterior edge of the latissimus dorsi muscle). More often, such hernias are parietal, that is, only a small section of the intestinal wall is infringed. Therefore, they are difficult to diagnose and are found already during surgery for peritonitis.
• Prostatitis or malignancy prostate in men also occurs with pain in the lumbar region.

Radiating pain

Lower back pain can occur with diseases hip joint or sacrococcygeal segment.

Based on the foregoing, a conclusion can be drawn. Before you do anything, if your lower back hurts, you must first consult a doctor and undergo an examination.

How to cure knee joints quickly and permanently?

There is different ways for the treatment of knee joints, depending on the state of the disease. Methods of treatment of the knee joint:

• recreational gymnastics;
• wellness massage;
• pills;
• non-traditional medicine;
• the use of medical devices (bandage, prosthesis);
• surgical intervention.

• Diseases of the knee joints
• Treatment and prevention
• Stretching is the best prevention
• How to treat arthritis and arthrosis
• Joint development
• How to treat joints with folk methods

Arthrosis, arthritis and lipoarthritis are the most common diseases of the knee joints. A surgeon or orthopedist will help in establishing the cause of pain and the correct diagnosis. It is better to contact them at the beginning of the treatment process.

Diseases of the knee joints

Injuries are a common problem in the knee joints, which are one of the largest joints in the human body. They include the tibia, femur and patella.

Ligaments hold the knee joint together. In order for the joint to glide better, it has three bags - synovial membranes - with different twists, as well as joint fluid. The joints also have muscles, ligaments, cartilage (menisci), which are part of the patellar ligament.

The knee joint can be injured due to sudden turns of the body when the feet are fixed, causing the ligaments of the joints to break. Therefore, the most common injuries of the knee joints are sports. Similar types of injuries occur if the impact force is quite large (car injuries, professional bruises of football players, fighters, blows when falling from a height).

The ligaments of the joint have the property of inextensibility. Sometimes there is only a tear of the ligaments, sometimes - their complete rupture, in which a violation of gait and instability of the leg in the joint is visible. Less often, an injury such as sprained knee joints occurs. It appears under load, the strength of which is greater than the elasticity of the ligaments. However, sprains are more common in the ankle joint.

Among other ailments of the knee joints, one can distinguish a cyst of the knee joint. It is a stretching of the synovial bag under the knee. The cyst is easily identified with an ultrasound of the knee joint.

Treatment and prevention

If the knee joints do not respond to treatment methods such as surgery, the use of medical massage and physical education, ethnoscience, the use of special devices (bandage, for example), then it is necessary to replace diseased knee joints with healthy ones. Prosthetics include the replacement of failed parts of the knee joint bone with metallized or plastic components. The procedure is performed with anesthesia and lasts from 1 to 3 hours.

The knee is opened and excess growths are removed. Damaged parts are replaced with new ones made of artificial materials. In the knee joints, unsuitable parts are repaired or the entire knee is replaced.

How to cure knee joints and what measures to take so that the joints are healthy will be discussed below. There is such a symptom as "mouse in the knee." It manifests itself as follows: the knee is jammed, movement is limited. Pain in the joint space is sudden, but can be tolerated. The more movement, the more pain. The “mouse” here is a piece of cartilage that has broken away from the meniscus and is moving in the joint. The knee jams if this piece gets into the joint gap. "Mouse" can occur in one place or another.

When pain occurs, it is not necessary to overcome and endure them. In this case, movement will increase the pain. You can swing your leg in a sitting position and carefully bend and unbend it. Thanks to this simple exercise, the joint space expands and pain weaken. The "mouse" left a cleft in the joint and moved into the joint bag, where he continued his correct movements. Most likely, such pinching will recur, but it does not need to be treated. "Mice" do not live long, and therefore after a while they will leave.

Stretching is the best prevention

The possibility of re-injury to the knee joint increases. Therefore, the treatment becomes more and more difficult and arthrosis is approaching.

To prevent similar injuries in the future, it is necessary to give the joints more room to move. So it will be easier for them to withstand the load. To prevent injury, do the following:

• Lesson 1 Sitting on the floor, place your right leg straight in front of you. The foot of the opposite leg is on the right thigh. The left knee should be on the floor. Then do the same exercise with the other leg.
• Lesson 2 Sitting on the floor, connect the soles of the feet. The knees should touch the floor.
• Lesson 3 Using the pose from Lesson 1, do inclinations alternately to each straight leg.
• Lesson 4 Using the pose from Lesson 2, lean forward.
• Lesson 5 Sitting on the floor or on a stool, spread your legs wide, press your feet to the floor and move your knees towards each other with your hands.

Each lesson is desirable to play a couple of times a day for 1-2 minutes. With regular performance of these exercises, the joint will not cause concern.

How to treat arthritis and arthrosis

Prolonged diseases in the joints require treatment. Immobility, deformity, inflammation are signs of prolonged arthritis or arthrosis. These are fairly common symptoms. Medicines and therapeutic exercises are suitable for their treatment. The following are exercises for the treatment of joint diseases. They are very light and there is no pain during their execution. In terms of time, charging can be carried out starting from 10 minutes, gradually increasing the time.

• Lesson 1 Sitting on a stool or on a table, hang your legs down and dangle them (at the same time: right leg forward, left - back) with a distance between them of about 10 centimeters. This is a painless exercise. It is performed for 5-10 minutes several times a day.
• Lesson 2 Sitting on a stool, press the soles of your feet to the floor. Then alternately tear off the heels from the floor, keeping the socks pressed to the floor.
• Lesson 3 The pose is the same as in the second lesson. Now you need to take your socks off the floor one by one. Heels are on the floor.

When doing the above pain does not appear. Pain is not good for the joints. And if it appeared, then it is necessary to stop performing physiotherapy exercises.

For severe joint diseases, classes 2 and 3 are suitable. They can be easily performed even while being in a theater or on a bus. Physiotherapy silent and easy to use. However, these movements alone are not enough for a cure. It would be nice to add drug treatment, since the disease also affects the tendons, muscles and articular bag.

Joint development

You can heal knee joints yourself. They must be worked out using 3 types of strokes: through the palm, through the finger, and a slap. Spanking promotes blood flow to the area of ​​the affected joint, affecting the skin. Patting through pressed fingers affects the articular bags, tendons, muscles, ligaments. Strokes through the finger work gently, after them there are no bruises.

It is good to start the lesson with patting through the fingers on the affected area, to determine which it is necessary to put the palm on the knee and bend and unbend the leg. Tapping on the kneecap must be applied from the side. The muscles are in a relaxed state. The strength of the blows varies depending on the condition of the joint. For a progressive disease - weak tapping, for recovery or a slight malaise - strong.

When you exercise, you can feel a little pain. Patting is not applied to the popliteal cup. The affected areas should be tapped carefully: first along the straight leg, then along the bent one. The exercise ends with pats. The more severe the disease of the joints, the less often it is necessary to use physical education. All classes should be carried out only after consultation with a doctor.

How to treat joints with folk methods

To be treated with folk remedies together with traditional medicine simply necessary for good results. Consider a few recipes on how to cure the knee joint with folk remedies.

• Laurel decoction.
  It is necessary to boil 25 laurel leaves for about 5 minutes. Let the decoction stand for 3-5 hours. This infusion is excellent remedy against salt deposits. Use it 12 hours after preparation, drinking in small sips. The treatment lasts three days, in each of which the drink is prepared again. After the course, a week-long pause is made, then the course is repeated again. Before drinking the decoction, it is necessary to clean the intestines. If a this condition is not fulfilled, it may appear allergic reaction. The process is carried out 1-2 times a year.
• Mixture based on rye seeds.
  Pour 250 g of rye seeds with 2 liters of water and boil. When the mixture has cooled down, strain it and add 500 g of vodka, 1 kg of honey and 3 tsp. barberry root. The mixture is stirred and placed for 21 days in a dark place. Use 3 tbsp. l. before eating. The course will end when you drink 9 liters of the mixture in this way.
• Horseradish recipe.
  Mix 1 kg of chopped horseradish and 4 liters of water, boil for 5 minutes. Put half a kilogram of honey into the cooled mixture. Broth to store in the refrigerator. It is good to treat this recipe a couple of times a year. It will be useful to include cottage cheese with a high content of calcium in the food of the sick person (add 1.5 tablespoons of calcium chloride and half a liter of milk to it).

The composition is heated to 50-60 degrees, then cooled. The resulting mixture is filtered and settled in dark time days. In the morning the curd is ready to eat. This method Together with exercises and medicines, it remarkably heals the knee joint.

The knee is made up of a complex system of ligaments, tendons, cartilage and muscles, acting as the main hinge between the ground and the body.

There is a lot of stress on the knees, especially when compared to other joints. That is why the knees need care, but ... Many of us do nothing but cripple our knees.

How?

First, let's take a quick look at the structure of the knee joint. The knee joint is one of the most large joints. It consists of the tibia, femur, small tibia, patella. The joint is able to bend back and forth and turn left and right.

The image shows that the knee consists of 2 bones, the ends of which are covered with cartilage and menisci - special "pads" that play the role of shock absorbers. To reduce friction in the joint, a fluid is released that plays the role of a lubricant.

First and very common problem - thinning, tearing and tearing of the meniscus.
Meniscus thinning occurs no matter how you move. However, some factors speed up this process. These are: insufficient fluid intake, leading to a lack of fluid in the joint and, as a result, an increase in friction; incorrect posture, leading to an increase in the load on the meniscus; improper muscle work and, as a result, incorrect work of the entire knee joint. Thinning of the meniscus is not amenable to treatment, since the meniscus is not a regenerating tissue. This damage leads to discomfort in the knee joint and the risk of complications, due to a decrease in depreciation in the knee.
meniscus tear- incomplete rupture of the meniscus, which occurs with injuries or with a strong thinning of the meniscus. Everything is simple here - the “shock absorber” does not withstand the load. A tear in the meniscus is the splitting of the meniscus into several pieces. In both cases, the "dangling" parts of the meniscus begin to damage the surrounding tissue, especially when pedaling. As a result, the entire knee joint suffers. These defects are eliminated exclusively by surgery - in the event of a tear, a piece of the meniscus is cut out, and the edges of the remaining piece are aligned, in the event of a meniscus rupture, its complete removal with the possibility of replacing it with an artificial one. Pain associated with these injuries may be sharp character, immediately after an injury, and chronic - the knee can hurt during loads, without loads, the knee can jam (when parts of the meniscus enter the intercondylar space).

Arthrosis is one of the most common problems. Causes this disease are still incomprehensible, but it is known that with constant microtrauma, the likelihood of arthrosis increases very sharply. Arthrosis is a degeneration, splitting of the cartilage of the joint. Symptoms of osteoarthritis are a crunch in the knee, discomfort, response to the weather ( aching pain). Once started, arthrosis is unlikely to stop, it can only be stopped for a while. Factors in the appearance of arthrosis are overloads (such as pedaling, which is not characteristic of our body) and also, in part, malnutrition. Treatment of arthrosis (its stop) is drug therapy coupled with physiotherapy - magnetic waves, ultrasound, gelatin, calcium, removal of salts from the body.
Chondropathy- destruction of cartilage that occurs during stress. Chondropathy of the knee manifests itself as long as the knee does not work properly, is overloaded. Chondropathy most often affects the patella - inner part patella ("runner's knee"). When the cartilage thins, the insides of the joint begin to come into contact with the bones, which causes unpleasant, painful sensations, as well as the destruction of the knee. Risk factors are overload and improper functioning of the joint, which may be due to an incorrect skeleton, improperly working muscles. The consequences of chondropathy can only be treated surgically, and chondropathy itself is treated by unloading the joint - reducing stress, using bandages, stretching the muscles.

And now consider the 8 most common ways to destroy your knees ...

knee injury

Knee injuries are inevitable in our lives. They are diagnosed very often and not only in athletes, but also in people who are not related to professional sports.

There are the following types of knee injuries:

1. Bruise. As a rule, the mildest injury to the knee joint. It occurs as a result of a direct blow to the front or side of the joint. Most often, a knee bruise is diagnosed after a person falls or when he hit something with his knee.

2. Tears and damage to the inner and lateral menisci. Occur as a result of a sharp lateral movement of the knee with a fixed foot. Tears and injuries of the meniscus are most commonly seen in athletes and in most cases require immediate surgical intervention.

3. Sprains (tears) and torn ligaments. Occur in the case of direct action on the knee joint of a large traumatic force. Ligaments can tear (or tear) when falling from a height, car accidents, playing sports (in particular, hockey, wrestling).

4. Dislocations of the knee joint and patella but occur quite rarely, as well as torn ligaments occur due to serious knee injuries.

5. Intra-articular fractures femur, tibia, or patella. A fracture of the patella occurs mostly in older people due to their fall.

6. Cartilage damage very often accompanies a knee bruise, joint dislocation or intra-articular fracture.

Running and cycling

If you run or ride a bicycle incorrectly, then you are at risk of softening cartilage tissue, as well as the loss of its elasticity. This disease is called "runner's knee" - chondromalacia of the patella and inflammation of the ilio-tibial tract. Women are the most susceptible to the disease. The risk of developing the disease increases if you often run on an incline, bending your foot inward.

"Runner's Knee" Accompanied acute pain, which is removed with painkillers ointments. But if you are faced with a disease - leave without, at least for six months.

If you ride your bike often, you are also putting your knees under prolonged and unnatural stress. The result is the same as when running.

Obesity

Every extra 500g of knees feels like 2.5kg of force. Imagine what the joints experience with an extra 5 kg of weight? This is a real test.

Excess weight kills knee joints
In the knee joint, between the two bones, there is a layer - hyaline cartilage. It provides sliding of articular surfaces. 1 kg excess weight several times increases the load on the cartilaginous surface. The cartilage becomes loose, and foci of inflammation form on it.

Thus, you shorten the life of your knees. There is only one way out - try to lose weight or suffer in adulthood or old age hellish pains and incapacity of the knees.

Dehydration

Insufficient water during exercise causes the joint capsule to secrete less synovial fluid, which is a lubricant that prevents friction between the bones.

Joints lose water even before you start to feel thirsty. That is, at physical activity, you should drink water as often as possible, especially during running, cycling and aerobic exercise.

Excessive loads

With a sudden increase in the intensity of physical activity or their duration, injury can be earned.

For example, you may have inflammation of the tendon, pain in the patella. With excessive load, excessive rest is also needed, follow the regime of training and rest.

Ignoring the muscles of the knee

The muscles of the knee need to be stretched. Only carefully.

Light clothing for cold weather

Your knees can get cold. It is a fact.

As well as the fact that many girls and women ignore it and even in the cold season wear thin nylon tights, and not fleece leggings. Hypothermia of the knee and any other joint can lead to inflammation of the joint bag, which for a long time after that will remind you of your frivolity.

Performance dangerous exercises in gym

While working out in the gym, try to give up difficult exercises, especially if you have just started exercising or your body is not ready for such tension and technique.

Adviсe:

For sick knees, special physical education is required
Physical education with knee pain only increases the load on the joints and provokes the destruction of cartilage. To reduce stress on your knees, you need to replace vertical physical activities like running with swimming, a knee-safe sport.

Should not bealways wear flat shoes
If you wear flat shoes, the load on the knee joints is redistributed, the legs become X-shaped. Cartilage is destroyed, osteoarthritis develops.

Better chooseshoes with stable heels 3-4 cm high
The area of ​​the heel must be large, otherwise you can lose balance. And in shoes with flat soles, you need to put orthopedic insoles with arch supports that support the arch of the foot.

You can't mmopping floors on your knees
There are synovial bags in the knee joint. During physical exertion on the knees, the synovial sac becomes inflamed, synovial fluid and there is pain.

Mopping floors is better
To protect your knees, mop floors with a height-adjustable mop. If you often have to kneel while cleaning, knee pads should be used. They will soften the load on the knee joints and protect the synovial bag.
According to www.1tv.ru, www.7mednews.ru, www.jv.ru

PS. Even if your knees haven't bothered you yet, do a little test. Stick small stationery on the center of the kneecap and on the ankle - in the middle of the fold line. Put on shorts or short pants, stand in front of a mirror with your feet hip-width apart, and take a good look at yourself.
Where is the knee relative to the ankle joint, hips - in the same plane with them or to the side?
Squat down with your knees slightly bent. Where are they located? Is it exactly above the foot, or has the knee run inward?
Maybe the ankle joint was led inward? BUT thumb on the foot looks out? This is just one of the violations.

Left - correct, right - one of the options for violation

To control the work of the joints, at least once a day stand in front of the mirror in the position of the legs in width, equal to the length feet, and do at least 20 shallow squats, keeping your heels on the floor.

The knee should be kept above the foot, not go inward. If the knee goes inward, all elastic tissues in this area are in constant voltage: internal ligaments are stretched, and external ligaments are compressed. In addition, this flattens the foot and increases the instability of the knee joint.

When doing squats, count how many of them you do correctly and record the result in a diary. Once you can do 80% of your squats without errors, start doing shallow squats on one leg - 20 times on the right and on the left.

When these squats become even and correct, your knees will not face problems in the near future; o)

Be healthy!