Intestinal dysbacteriosis symptoms treatment in adult drugs. Natural analogues of drugs

Man has long coexisted in nature with many living organisms. With some we coexist voluntarily, with some - regardless of our wishes. And if we decide on our own what color to get a cat, then the question: “Who lives in the intestines?” remains open.

human digestion difficult process, therefore, it is not surprising that in the process of evolution, mankind has acquired invisible enemies and allies who have settled precisely in the intestines. Which of them helps our digestion, and which harms, we will understand in this article.

Intestinal dysbacteriosis may be the result of a violation of any process associated with digestion. If during the normal functioning of the intestine in its microflora there are various bacteria and microorganisms (lactobacilli, fungi, E. coli, etc.), then with dysbacteriosis there is a “skew”, which provokes problems of digestion, stool, and the development of pathologies. Digestion is a way of obtaining energy and essential trace elements, therefore, the health of the whole organism is built on the “correctness” of this process.

The causes of dysbacteriosis can be:

• Serious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
• Taking strong medications (antidepressants, antibiotics);
• Unfavorable environmental impact.

Forms of dysbacteriosis and its symptoms

The symptomatology of dysbacteriosis depends on the specific type and cause of the disorder, however, its presence is evidenced by long-term and frequent manifestations of such disorders:

• Diarrhea;
• Nausea;
• Constipation;
• allergic reactions
• Weight loss;

There are 4 stages of development of dysbacteriosis

1. stage - a slight imbalance of "beneficial" and "harmful" bacteria, which is provoked by a change in nutritional conditions. Symptoms are almost non-existent mild disorder. Treatment at this stage is not always required. With normal immunity, the balance of microflora is often restored on its own after getting used to a change in climate, diet, and adaptation to new conditions.
2. stage accompanied by a violation of the production of enzymes, which is expressed by disturbed stools, bloating, abdominal pain, the appearance of an unpleasant aftertaste in the mouth. Symptoms can indicate both progressive dysbacteriosis and the presence of diseases of other digestive organs.
3. stage characterized by inflammation and successful treatment will be required medical treatment and medical supervision. Violation of the microflora and the balance of bacteria becomes severe, the symptoms become permanent. Except frequent nausea, stomach ache. Celebrate elevated temperature and digestive dysfunction - food is not completely digested and does not absorb a number of important trace elements.
4. stage is considered the last when the pathogenic microflora prevails over beneficial bacteria in the intestine, which causes the release of toxins from the vital activity of microorganisms into the blood with the simultaneous development of beriberi and anemia. The development of pathogenic bacteria provokes a weakening of the immune system and the manifestation of allergic reactions (asthma), skin diseases(rash, eczema), disorders nervous system(insomnia, decreased attention). The inflammatory process in the intestine can provoke diseases of other digestive organs. At this stage, without treatment, suppressed immunity easily succumbs to infections and cannot resist them.

How to treat dysbacteriosis?

The diagnosis can be made by a gastroenterologist based on the results obtained. In treatment, he is guided by a specific causative agent of dysbacteriosis and its cause.

• Search and elimination of the cause of the disease;
• elimination acute manifestations dysbacteriosis and inflammatory processes;
• Restoring bowel function and taking enzyme preparations as prescribed by a doctor;
• Normalization of the intestinal flora;
• Nutrition according to a specific diet;
• Strengthening immunity.

The difference in the treatment used for dysbacteriosis depends on the age of the patient, the following age groups are conditionally distinguished:

• Children under 1 year old (use a large amount breast milk or its substitutes, lack of own intestinal microflora, its formation, weak immunity);
• Children over 1 year old (features of immunity and diet);
• Adults ( stressful situations depending on lifestyle)
• Adults over 50 ( high risk work disruptions internal organs, chronic diseases, decreased immunity).

Depending on the stage of dysbacteriosis or its degree, the following treatment methods are used:

1. Functional food- indicated for all forms of dysbacteriosis, based on diet No. 4;
2. vitamin therapy is prescribed for all forms to increase immunity and prevent complications. To increase immunity, drugs are usually prescribed with plant extracts(Echinacea tincture, Immunal, Dibazol, Eleutherococcus). The intake of vitamins is due to a violation of perylstatics (the process of absorption by the intestinal walls).
3. Entersorbents are used at all stages to ensure the removal of unnecessary and dangerous substances from the body, the most famous are activated carbon, polysorb, enterosgel. The use of such drugs cannot be long-term, as it interferes with the absorption of not only harmful, but also useful substances.
4. Prebiotics are used at stage 1 of dysbacteriosis, these are substances that contribute to the development of normal microflora, but are not microbes or their products and are not absorbed by our body, but serve as food for beneficial bacteria. Of the pharmaceutical prebiotics, Dufalac, Poslabin, Lactusan, Exportal, Hilak forte can be called. Prebiotics can also be found in dairy products, cereal crops, onion and garlic.
5. Probiotics used in stage 2 dysbacteriosis, these are products containing live bacteria that regulate the composition of the intestinal microflora and successfully treat or prevent dysbacteriosis. Probiotics are combined, consisting of several cultures of microorganisms, monocomponent, which include a specific type of bacteria. Multicomponent probiotics are used for a 2-week course, these are Linex, Bifikol, Bifiform. Treatment with monoprobiotics can last up to four weeks. Monocultures include Colibacterin. Bifidumbacterin, Lactobacterin;
6. Synbiotics- preparations that contain both probiotics and prebiotics, the course of administration can be up to three weeks (Bifidobak, Laminolact). In addition to prepared foods, your doctor may recommend taking specific probiotics and prebiotics.
7. Antagonists- bacteria that reduce the activity of harmful microorganisms, such as Enterol, Bactisporin are popular from pharmaceuticals. The course of their reception should not exceed a week.
8. Antibiotics, antiseptics, bacteriophages - these substances that destroy the intestinal microflora are used in stage 3. Only in this way it is possible to solve the inflammatory process, extinguish the focus of the disease in order to establish normal work intestines. However, one of the first steps is to remove pathogens so as not to develop the disease and prevent it from disrupting the normal functioning of other organs. They are used in cases where probiotics and prebiotics cannot help. They are prescribed depending on the type of microorganism that provokes dysbacteriosis.
9. For allergic reactions can be used for dysbacteriosis antihistamine tablets- Zyrtec, Claritin, Cetrin, etc.

Before using any medications and pharmaceutical preparations, consult a doctor and read the instructions.

How to treat dysbacteriosis without drugs: apples, garlic or herbs?

In addition to dietary mild form dysbiosis can be treated without the use of drugs. Usually in this case, probiotics or prebiotics can be prescribed to correct the intestinal microflora.

The diet for dysbacteriosis is based on the following principles:

• Saturation with amino acids - will allow you to get vitamins naturally, and also stimulates some processes in the body, of particular importance in dysbacteriosis is attributed to arginine and glutamine;
• Sufficiency of nutrients (including fats and carbohydrates) is necessary for the full functioning of the whole organism, in addition, dietary fiber, fiber, pectin must be present, which contribute to good digestion and act as entersorbents (beets, cabbage, bran, algae, carrots);
• The use of bifido- and lacto-containing fermented milk products. This step will ensure sufficient digestion and make it easier to digest certain foods, particularly dairy products.
• Sufficient water intake - at least 2 liters per day. In this case, it is better to use a warm liquid, including water without gas. It is advisable to drink a glass of water half an hour before the main meal.
• Diet according to the recommendations of nutritionists: in addition to the main meals - breakfast, lunch, dinner - intermediate ones are needed. This is lunch (second breakfast) and afternoon tea.

A number of products are natural probiotic or prebiotic depending on the effect, most often this is a rather weak antibacterial effect of a narrow focus. Its value lies in its natural origin and harmlessness to the body:

1. E. coli is "afraid" of onions, bell peppers, pomegranates;
2. Klebsiella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa are not "friendly" with garlic, dill, sage, radish, horseradish, apples, apricots, blueberries and mountain ash; these same products are afraid of proteins.
3. Candida and other fungi are attacked by acids found in lingonberries and fresh carrots;
4. Staphylococcus does not tolerate barberries, mountain ash (red and black), raspberries and strawberries.

Please note that many of these products are available and are a favorite treat for most people. They were always present in abundance on the table of our ancestors. Perhaps that is why they did not have to talk about dysbacteriosis as a serious illness.

An experienced doctor makes a diagnosis on the basis of a coprogram - stool tests, where you can see what substances are contained and it is clear how the intestines work. The layman can also determine deviations based on appearance"abnormal" stool and its smell. However, in some cases it is still worth getting recommendations from gastroenterologists.

1. Putrid dyspepsia will be given out by an alkaline reaction, dark stool with an unpleasant odor and poorly digested food fibers. In the diet, you need to reduce meat and fatty foods, eat more boiled vegetables, cereals, dairy products, jelly and fruit drinks. Especially useful will be fresh and dried apricots, dishes from them. ethnoscience recommends taking decoctions of lemon balm, sage, cumin and wormwood.
2. Fermentative dyspepsia is associated with an acid reaction, accompanied by fecal masses. yellow color. To solve it, you need to reduce the consumption of raw vegetables, milk and carbohydrates, eat more protein foods, including boiled fish, meat, and eggs. Curd. Dairy products shown. To reduce fermentation reactions, spices will help well: Bay leaf, pepper, cloves, herbs - brewed mint and chamomile.

With diarrhea, you can use oak bark, blueberry compote, bird cherry.

For constipation, it is better to use vegetables rich in fiber and coarse fibers, pectin - carrots, cabbage, beets, bran, pumpkin, apples.

Dysbacteriosis is a disease in which the microflora in the intestine is severely disturbed in a sick person. . As a result, in the intestinal cavity, beneficial bacteria cannot cope with their task, which leads to a sharp violation digestion of food. About what to drink with dysbacteriosis, how and how many days you need to treat such a disease and this article will tell.

There are the following factors that can cause dysbacteriosis in humans:

1. Long uncontrolled reception medicines, especially antibiotics, is the most common cause development of a severe form of dysbacteriosis. In this state, the first symptoms of the disease will occur after a couple of weeks of unauthorized use of these antibacterial tablets.
2. Recently transferred surgical interventions in the intestines and abdominal organs.
3. A sharp decline immune system organism. This can happen due to a serious illness, stress, or a poorly balanced diet.
4. Some diseases of the digestive system, especially those occurring in acute form. These include gastritis, gastric ulcer and pancreatitis.
5. Recently transferred acute infectious lesions intestines. The most dangerous are dysentery and salmonella.
6. Lack of fiber and dairy products in the diet (yogurt, milk, kefir) and general violation nutrition (frequent intake of alcohol, spicy, fatty, fried).

Important! Self admission medicines(without a doctor's prescription) threatens not only the development of intestinal dysbacteriosis, but also other dangerous complications, among which there may be a stomach ulcer, gastritis, deterioration of the liver, disturbances in the work of the heart, etc. For this reason, in no case should self-medication be practiced, especially when it comes to children and people with chronic diseases.

Symptoms and signs

The most common signs of dysbacteriosis are distinguished:

1. stool disorders (diarrhea, frequent diarrhea with slime).
2. Nausea.
3. Loss of appetite.
4. Weight loss.
5. Rumbling in the stomach.
6. Bloating.
7. Abdominal pain.

If the symptoms are not too pronounced and there were no risk factors that lead to dysbacteriosis, then some problems can be cured.

Medical treatment

Traditional drug treatment dysbacteriosis involves taking the following groups of drugs:

1. Probiotics.
2. Antibiotics.
3. Vitamin remedies.
4. Intestinal antiseptics.
5. enzyme preparations.
6. Medications to restore intestinal functions.
7. Immunostimulants.

In addition, symptomatic treatment is also carried out in parallel. This means that during therapy, the patient may be prescribed additional medications for the observed signs of the disease.

So from high temperature Antipyretics are used, analgesics are used for pain, and antiemetics are used for nausea.

Probiotics

Probiotics are medicines that contain live bacteria. With their help, you can quickly normalize the work of the intestines and “populate” it with beneficial bacteria.

The best probiotics that are used to treat intestinal dysbiosis are called such drugs:

1. Combined drugs that also have a pronounced immunomodulatory healing effect(Bifiliz, Acipol). The duration of therapy should not exceed two weeks.
2. Antagonist drugs (Bactisporin, Enterol). They contain "good" bacteria that can inhibit the activity of "bad" bacteria. The duration of their treatment is up to seven days.
3. Polycomponent drugs (Linex, Bifiform). You need to take these drugs for two weeks. If necessary, the attending physician can extend the treatment and replace the drugs with analogues.

Treatment with probiotics can only improve good microflora intestines, but this is not enough for full recovery his works. To completely cure dysbacteriosis, the patient will have to take the whole complex of data medicines.

You can read more about the treatment of dysbacteriosis in adults.

Antiseptics and antibiotics

Intestinal antiseptics are prescribed to suppress the activity pathogenic microflora. At the same time, these drugs do not have an inactive effect on beneficial bacteria.

The best intestinal antiseptics are called:

1. Drug Intetrisk. It should be taken two capsules three times a day. The average duration of therapy is three days.
2. The drug Nifuroxazide. Take one tablet four times a day. Average duration treatment - 7-8 days.

Important! During therapy with antiseptics, as in the treatment of other drugs for dysbacteriosis, you need to be under medical supervision. This is due to the fact that when taking these funds, the patient's condition may worsen, therefore medical assistance and control will not be superfluous.

The following drugs are antibiotics. They should be prescribed exclusively by the attending physician, who can correctly select the dosage and method of administration (they are prescribed for each patient individually, depending on age, symptoms, neglect of the disease and comorbidities in the patient)

With the help of antibiotics, you can quickly suppress the activity of pathogenic bacteria in the intestines.

Most effective antibiotics the following drugs are considered from intestinal dysbacteriosis:

1. Kanamycin.
2. Gentamicin.
3. Lincomycin.
4. Levomycetin.
5. Ampicillin.

It should be noted that antibiotics can be taken no longer than 5-7 days in a row.

Vitamins and bacteriophages

Bacteriophages are substances (viruses) that can suppress the activity of other viruses, thus cleansing the intestines. They are usually used in the form of cleansing enemas.

Due to the fact that with dysbacteriosis a person almost always develops acute shortage nutrients and vitamin (avitaminosis), the patient must be prescribed vitamin preparations. Well help in this means Aevit, Decamevit Multitabs.

Also, in order to enrich the body with vitamins, the patient is recommended to take tea with ginger, propolis and sea buckthorn tincture.

Additional drugs

With intestinal dysbacteriosis, the patient may develop the most different symptoms and manifestations of the disease. For this reason, it is very important to be able to choose the right symptomatic treatment.

Thus, the following groups of drugs that can be used to treat dysbacteriosis are distinguished:

1. Antispasmodics are prescribed to relieve acute cramps and pain in the abdomen. They are also always prescribed for constipation. The best antispasmodics are No-shpa and Duspatalin. Moreover, with constipation, it is recommended to take sea buckthorn oil.
2. With severe nausea and diarrhea, the patient is shown to be treated with sorbents and drugs against diarrhea.
3. At neurological disorders, as well as problems with normal sleep, can be prescribed to calm sedatives(Persen). In addition, some herbal teas help to relax (valerian tincture, motherwort tincture, mint tea, etc.).
4. will help improve digestion, absorption and processing of food. The best enzymes are Mezim, Pancreatin , Khilak-forte. They can also help.
5. Preparations for the normalization of intestinal motility (Trimedat).
6. Preparations for the restoration of the liver (Essensiale).
7. Medicines to improve the functioning of the stomach and envelop its mucous membrane (Enterosgel). It is usually assigned to severe heartburn and ulcer.
8. Hepatoprotectors are used for violations of the liver (Karsil, Legalon). They can also be taken for hepatitis.

Moreover, sometimes against the background of an already ongoing intestinal dysbacteriosis, the patient develops an allergic reaction. In this state, a person is shown the appointment of strong antihistamine drugs, the best of which are recognized as Zodak, Tsetrin and Zirtek.

Alternative treatment

Alternative treatment with herbs and other means can be practiced after drug therapy for more quick recovery bowel work.

The most effective folk remedies for dysbacteriosis are:

1. Garlic remedy. An hour before meals, the patient needs to eat half a clove of garlic and drink it with kefir. The duration of treatment is one week. Using this method, you can kill pathogenic bacteria and improve bowel function.
2. Jerusalem artichoke remedy will help improve bowel function. To prepare it, you need to cut the Jerusalem artichoke into cubes and mix it with milk. Then boil until cooked, add a spoon olive oil and chill. Grind everything until smooth with a blender and take two tablespoons before meals.
3. Prepare in equal parts the herb St. John's wort, plantain and chamomile. On a spoon this fee take 0.5 liters of boiling water. Pour and insist for an hour. Strain and take half a glass twice a day.

Before you practice folk treatment you need to consult a doctor.

Dysbacteriosis is quite difficult to treat, especially if it is already sufficiently advanced. Despite this, with properly selected therapy in a few weeks, you can completely get rid of this disease and bring the bowels back to normal.

Anton Palaznikov

Gastroenterologist, therapist

Work experience more than 7 years.

Professional skills: diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and biliary system.

In order to cure intestinal dysbacteriosis in an adult, you need A complex approach that can help get rid of the disease and prevent relapse. Prevention of the disease, as well as medication and alternative treatment will help prevent relapse in men and women. What are the main causes of intestinal dysbacteriosis in adults, how does the symptomatology of the disease manifest itself, what should I do if the disease bothers me during pregnancy, and what is the treatment regimen for dysbacteriosis?

What is the disease?

Dysbacteriosis is an imbalance of beneficial and pathogenic intestinal microflora. Against the background of inflammatory processes and therapy in the intestine, the development of an imbalance of microflora and pathogen outnumbers beneficial microbes. There is no disease as such in the medical reference book, however, according to the classification of diseases, the ICD 10 code is 63.8.0 "Dysbacteriosis". With intestinal dysbacteriosis, it is important to correctly diagnose and know how to restore the mucosa, since the clinic does not have characteristic symptoms and similar in signs to other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Peculiarities

Degrees of dysbacteriosis

You can get rid of intestinal dysbacteriosis and prevent relapses after a complete diagnosis and confirmation of the diagnosis. The disease is divided into primary and secondary. In the primary, the intestinal microflora changes in a person, and in the secondary pathology in the intestines, they develop as a secondary manifestation of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. The disease is divided into the following stages:

1. Dysbacteriosis of the 1st degree is characterized by a decrease in useful ones, while the patient does not observe obvious symptoms and discomfort.
2. Dysbacteriosis of the 2nd degree is characterized by a sharp increase in pathogenic microflora. The patient feels pain and there are problems with digestion and digestibility of food.
3. Dysbacteriosis of the 3rd degree of manifestation is characterized by the fact that the intestinal walls begin to inflame, the food is poorly digested, the patient feels weak, heaviness in the lower abdomen, constipation is disturbed, which is replaced by bouts of diarrhea, nausea, a putrid smell is felt from the mouth.
4. Dysbacteriosis of the 4th degree is characterized by the addition of a bacterial and infectious complication. Food is not digested sufficiently, there are internal bleeding, against this background, the patient manifests anemia, weakness, dizziness. Regardless of what stage of the disease is diagnosed in a person, you need to start immediate drug therapy and adherence to a therapeutic diet.

Causes of the disease

The causes of dysbacteriosis in the intestine are varied. But the most common are:

Other diseases

Characteristic symptoms

Symptoms of dysbacteriosis are similar to symptoms of diseases of other organs. digestive tract. It is important to distinguish the signs of intestinal dysbacteriosis from other diseases; for this, the patient needs to undergo a diagnostic study indicated by the doctor, after which a treatment regimen will be prescribed. Which drugs to use, how long the therapy will last, the doctor decides based on the results. Symptoms of intestinal dysbacteriosis in women and men are:

• heaviness and constant discomfort in the abdomen, which are accompanied by flatulence, nausea, sometimes vomiting and loss of appetite;
• problems with the stool, when constipation is replaced by diarrhea and vice versa, particles are visible in the feces undigested food and slime;
• weight loss due to inadequate digestion of food;
• deterioration of health, drowsiness, weakness, dizziness;
• bad taste in the mouth with an unpleasant odor and coating on the tongue;
• pain in the abdomen after eating, which cannot be ignored, it indicates the development of inflammatory processes in the organ and damage to the mucosa.

Intestinal dysbiosis during pregnancy

An imbalance in the beneficial intestinal microflora in pregnant women leads to the development of diseases of the digestive tract, and thrush also occurs. The fact is that during pregnancy, the protective properties of the body decrease, and all chronic diseases or the primary manifestation become aggravated, therefore, during such a period, it is important to monitor health and take all measures to strengthen it. The microflora of the vagina and intestines are closely related, so the treatment of dysbiosis should be comprehensive and prescribed by a doctor. A diet for intestinal dysbiosis during pregnancy excludes spicy and fatty foods, sweets, fast food. When the balance of microorganisms is restored in the colon, treatment of vaginal dysbiosis can begin, the scheme of which is determined by the doctor. Most often, these are candles from dysbacteriosis "Fluconazole".

Diagnostics

Laboratory diagnostics intestinal dysbacteriosis includes laboratory and instrumental methods. To determine dysbacteriosis, the doctor collects all the information about the patient, asks about the symptoms, palpates, and then prescribes diagnostic measures. When the diagnosis of intestinal dysbacteriosis shows a decrease in bifidobacteria, while bad microflora prevails, it means that the patient develops bacteriosis in the intestine. The patient is shown to undergo the following procedures:

1. complete blood count shows inflammatory processes, and with dysbacteriosis - reduced hemoglobin;
2. irrigoscopy is x-ray examination using contrast. The doctor takes several pictures that show the state of the tissues of the organ, whether there are changes or neoplasms;
3. colonoscopy, with the help of which the doctor sees in real time the state of the organ, whether there are pathologies and what kind of disease is bothering;
4. gastroscopy, which will show the presence of diseases of the digestive tract, which is the root cause of dysbacteriosis;
5. intestinal dysbacteriosis with the determination of sensitivity to antibiotics - a study that shows the amount of violation of the composition of microorganisms and shows the sensitivity of pathogens to antibiotics.

This article describes what dysbacteriosis is, its features, symptoms and causes. The disease differs in types and stages, which are characterized by certain signs. The article contains detailed information about the treatment.

Brief description of the disease

Intestinal dysbacteriosis is a common phenomenon that some doctors consider a disease, while others consider it just a dysfunction resulting from a different pathology or a certain lifestyle. In both cases, we are talking about a violation of the intestinal microflora, which has unpleasant symptoms and is fraught with various complications and consequences.

Normal microflora

Intestinal biocenosis diversity in the large intestine of microbes that are present in certain quantities in everyone healthy person and are the norm. Microorganisms perform many important functions. Bacteria for the intestines are the usual "inhabitants".

Their total weight in this body in an adult is about two to three kilograms. The number of species of microorganisms reaches five hundred. The vast majority of microbes "live" in the colon. The minimum falls on other departments. All intestinal microorganisms are conditionally divided into beneficial bacteria and pathogenic. The first group includes:

• bifidobacteria;
• lactobacilli;
• coli.

Pathogenic flora includes:

• peptococci;
• mushrooms Candida;
• staphylococci;
• clostridia.

There are relatively few harmful (or facultative) bacteria. In a healthy person, they “sit quietly”, because immunity does not allow them to “stick out”. Their presence in this state is normal and necessary for a certain balance of power.

Microbial diversity is essential for an organism because it performs protective functions, synthesizes vitamins, lowers cholesterol levels, helps processed food to be absorbed into the intestinal wall, and at the same time activates metabolic processes.

The essence of dysbacteriosis

Dysbacteriosis is the antonym of normbiocenosis. With it, the balance of microflora is disturbed. Beneficial bacteria become less, their activity decreases. Putrefactive bacteria (opportunistic pathogens), on the contrary, multiply rapidly, suppressing their "neighbors".

Extremely unhealthy processes begin.

Deficiency of lactobacilli and other beneficial microorganisms leads to indigestion, reduced immunity, slowing down metabolic processes. The body receives less nutrients, weakens, becomes vulnerable.

Sometimes you can hear the term stomach dysbacteriosis. It is erroneous because digestive organ there is no such number of microorganisms that could play a significant role. It is also wrong to look for differences and similarities between dysbiosis, dysbacteriosis. In this case, we are talking about the same thing.

What causes dysbiosis

The imbalance of microflora is always caused by certain factors. The pathogenic process does not start on its own. Causes of dysbacteriosis, in which beneficial microorganisms die, may become:

Dysbacteriosis can be cured only by knowing what provoked it. The factors listed above result in:

Often, severe dysbacteriosis occurs in people who have made a flight from one climatic zone to another. Per a short time travel organism does not have time to rebuild without consequences. In such cases, it is not necessary to treat dysbacteriosis with serious drugs. After adaptation of the organism normal microflora will recover. If the signs are pronounced, you can provide first aid in the form of symptomatic treatment.

Varieties of dysfunction

There are such types of dysbacteriosis as acute and chronic. The first occurs in most cases. At adequate treatment the microflora is restored in a few weeks, all symptoms disappear.

The chronic type is much less common. It develops when it is not possible to defeat dysbacteriosis for months, and sometimes for years. As a rule, recovery is hindered by certain factors. For example, heavy incurable disease, constant stress or alcoholism. Chronic dysbacteriosis leads to serious consequences for the body.

There is also a classification of pathology according to the type of pathogen. There are fungal dysbacteriosis, proteus, staphylococcal type and associative. Proteus has the easiest and safest course. by the most complex type considered to be associative.

Warning! It is difficult to determine which type is taking place by one symptom. A quality check is required.

Stages of dysbacteriosis

Like most dysfunctions, dysbacteriosis has several stages. They depend on the manifestations of the disease, as well as treatment. The development of pathology occurs in stages:

1. Dysbacteriosis 1 degree. A decrease in the number of Escherichia coli (escherichia) is recorded. Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are present in full composition.
2. Dysbacteriosis 2 degrees. The number of Escherichia is significantly reduced. There is a slight deficiency of bifidobacteria. The number of pathogenic microorganisms is growing.
3. Dysbacteriosis 3 degrees. Bifidobacteria and lactobacilli are much less than necessary. Pathogenic flora provokes malfunctions in the intestines.
4. Dysbacteriosis 4 degrees. Bifidoflora killed. Practically complete absence lactobacilli. The intestine is exposed to serious destructive processes.

It is easiest to fix the problem at the very beginning. Normalization of intestinal microflora late stages will take a lot of time and effort. In this case, the disease will have time to cause significant damage to the body.

Advice! At the very first clinical manifestations you should consult a doctor.

Symptomatic picture

The imbalance of microflora may not make itself felt for a long time. Symptoms of dysbacteriosis in adults are often absent in the first stages, appearing only when everything is already quite running. And this is the trick of the disease. In addition, the signs of dysbacteriosis are identical to the manifestations of many other pathologies. None of them are specific.

Dysbiosis is characterized by:

1. Bad breath. Sometimes this is the only sign of dysbacteriosis. It is explained by putrefactive processes occurring in the intestines.
2. Diarrhea is a common symptom of dysbiosis. It can occur four to six times a day, or even more often. Dangerous dehydration. Regular diarrhea is a sure sign that something is wrong with the intestines. Feces can be frothy and difficult to flush from the toilet
3. Constipation is less common than diarrhea. Usually they suffer from elderly patients who have significantly slowed down intestinal motility.
4. Unstable stool alternates with constipation and diarrhea. The bowel movements can be very offensive. Sometimes observed unusual color feces.
5. Rumbling in the abdomen is heard more often in the initial stages. Indicates problems in the intestines. Over time, flatulence intensifies, a person is literally bursting with gases, his stomach increases. Observed frequent belching air.
6. Pain is localized in the intestines. The stomach hurts especially badly with constipation, with severe flatulence due to stretching of the intestinal walls. Unpleasant sensation aggravated by pressure.
7. Nausea, vomiting, internal discomfort, bad taste in the mouth. These signs, which are typical for many diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, can also appear with dysbacteriosis. Sometimes there is heartburn.
8. With dysbiosis, food is poorly absorbed, the body receives less "building materials", which often leads to weight loss.
9. Deficiency of nutrients in advanced stages is manifested by symptoms such as apathy, drowsiness, depression. A person almost constantly feels a general weakness. It does not go away even after a night's rest. The patient wakes up tired.
10. Dysbacteriosis is rarely accompanied by an increase in temperature. Such a symptom can make itself felt if there is a strong intoxication of the body. Fever is possible with severe exacerbations of chronic dysbiosis.
11. Sometimes after eating familiar foods, allergic reactions can occur. Namely - a rash, hyperemia of the skin, itching. These reactions are explained by the decrease protective properties organism due to disturbed microflora.

Vitamin deficiency resulting from dysbacteriosis can be manifested by brittle nails, dull hair, as well as pallor and dry skin, jams in the corners of the lips. The more serious the stage, the more pronounced the symptoms, which indicate not only a disturbed microflora, but also a general deterioration in health.

Diagnostic measures

Put accurate diagnosis with dysbacteriosis can only professional doctor, which should be referred to at the first anxiety symptoms. On the initial stage examinations will be carried out:

• conversation with the patient;
• collection of anamnesis;
• visual inspection with palpation.

However, only on the basis of data obtained as a result of these actions, a treatment regimen for dysbacteriosis cannot be developed. Be sure to need laboratory research methods that will refute or confirm the presence of a problem, determine the type of pathogen, the stage of the disease.

To date, the main method for diagnosing dysbacteriosis remains bacteriological analysis feces. Although it is not perfect (it is expensive, takes a lot of time, does not exclude errors), but more best method not yet.

It is important to properly prepare for the analysis, to collect the material correctly. A few days before the procedure, it is necessary to exclude from the diet everything that can affect the microflora. These are dairy products:

• fermented baked milk;
• kefir;
• sour cream;
• kvass;
• any alcohol (especially beer);
• antibiotics.

When collecting material, it is desirable to take an average portion stool, and not from the toilet, but from a blank piece of paper. Place the piece in a special sterile flask. Deliver to the laboratory no later than two hours after collection.

Attention! Sometimes you have to take an analysis for dysbacteriosis several times. This is due to the fact that during the collection of material or during the study, errors are made that affect the result.

To diagnose diseases that have become the cause or consequence of dysbacteriosis, other research methods are used. This is a blood test, ultrasound, MRI, CT. Sometimes an x-ray with contrast is prescribed to determine the condition of the intestine. It complements the results of microbiological analysis of microflora.

Features of treatment

Normalizing the situation with dysbiosis in most cases is not so easy. Necessary complex treatment aimed not only at eliminating the symptoms, but also at eliminating the causes. Its main tasks are:

• inhibition of the growth of the number of pathogenic microorganisms;
• stimulation of the reproduction of beneficial bacteria;
• boosting immunity.

Today, pharmacies are quite inexpensive, but effective drugs from dysbacteriosis. Their use greatly facilitates the fight against the sore. However, even the best means from dysbacteriosis will not help if you do not adjust the diet, do not lead healthy lifestyle life. Poor quality food bad habits aggravate the situation.

In some cases, treatment of intestinal dysbiosis in adults is not required. The microflora, disturbed after stress, a series of holidays or climate change, is restored by itself. Treatment of dysbacteriosis after antibiotics may be limited to preparations based on live bacteria.

Required complex therapy. It takes not one or two days, but several weeks. As a rule, drugs for dysbacteriosis can be taken at home. Only occasionally are hospital conditions required.

Medical therapy

In the treatment of dysbacteriosis important role play drugs to improve microflora. These are products containing live bacteria. Their common name is probiotics. In cases where a large number of pathogenic organisms have been sown, treatment should begin with their elimination. Otherwise, beneficial bacteria will have nowhere to settle. Therefore, it is necessary to drink antibiotics from dysbacteriosis. Recommended medications include:

1. Furazolidone is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor. It is considered a powerful antimicrobial agent. Activates the immune system.
2. Metronidazole has antiprotozoal and antimicrobial action. Widely used for abdominal infections.
3. Levomycetin is considered an antibiotic a wide range actions. It is especially effective in detecting enterococci.

If diagnosed fungal type dysbacteriosis, patients are prescribed a drug to combat yeast Candida Fluconazole. It is not an antibiotic, but is considered an antifungal agent.

Doctors try to use all antibacterial drugs very carefully, preferring intestinal antiseptics. They eliminate the pathogenic flora, while not touching the healthy one. The new generation of intestinal antiseptics include:

• Dependal-M;
• Sumetrolim;
• Enterosediv;
• Ercefuril;
• Intetrix.

Another drug widely used for dysbacteriosis is Enterofuril. After antibiotic and antiseptic therapy free place colonized by beneficial bacteria contained in probiotics. For example, live lactobacilli for the intestines are found in Lactobacterin.

Bifidobacteria - in Bifidumbacterin. Both of these drugs are monopreparations in tablets for the restoration of intestinal microflora. Although there are other forms of release of these drugs. In particular, candles with lactobacilli and bifidobacteria.

Along with monocomponent drugs, polycomponent drugs can also be prescribed. different types bacteria. Effective agents from this group include, for example, Bifiform. There are also combined probiotics containing beneficial and pathogenic organisms - Acipol, Bifiliz. To stimulate the growth of healthy bacteria, Linex is used. Bilaminolact, Ecoflor have a similar effect.

Used to remove toxins from the body Activated carbon. It should be used to a limited extent. The means of this action also include Polyphepan, Polysorb. Prebiotics that stimulate growth are relevant for dysbacteriosis healthy microflora. These substances are found in food. Special drugs may be prescribed - Hilak Forte, Duphalac (syrups) or Bactistatin capsules.

Treatment of dysbacteriosis should be complex. It is aimed at eliminating the root cause, which often becomes a gastrointestinal disease. The drugs used depend on the specific pathology. It can be:

1. Omez has a pronounced antiulcer effect.
2. Mezim is an enzyme agent. It is prescribed for serious digestive disorders.
3. Pancreatin is used in diseases of the pancreas. Helps improve food digestion.
4. De-nol is indispensable for gastritis. It has an astringent and enveloping effect.

If signs of dysbacteriosis are pronounced, symptomatic treatment may be required. So, for example, diarrhea is eliminated by Loperamide. This drug normalizes the stool, but has absolutely no effect on the intestinal microflora. Pain is relieved with analgesics. Constipation is treated with laxatives.

Important! Symptomatic treatment is not able to eliminate the cause, therefore it is carried out exclusively in the course of complex therapy.

Diet and folk remedies for dysbiosis

Nutrition in dysbacteriosis plays an important role. Recovery largely depends on it. The purpose of the diet is to protect the intestines from negative influences(mechanical, thermal). Food should be steamed, stewed or boiled. It should be taken according to the schedule - often, but little by little. You can eat:

• low-fat varieties of fish, meat;
• vegetables, fruits, berries that have undergone heat treatment (except grapes, bananas, sweet apples);
• greens;
• cereals;
• nuts;
• legumes.

Diet for intestinal dysbacteriosis in adults excludes:

• fatty;
• roast;
• food full of preservatives;
• acute;
• fast food;
• ice cream;
• condensed milk;
• most products that provoke flatulence;
• semolina and rice porridge;
• soda;
• alcohol.

Folk remedies for dysbacteriosis are often based on food. For example, it is proposed to use raspberry, blueberry, pomegranate, cranberry, strawberry juices as antiseptics. Dill, cumin have a carminative effect, on the basis of which decoctions and infusions are prepared. To get rid of dysbacteriosis, it is recommended to eat more garlic and Jerusalem artichoke.

Herbal medicine is widely used. For example, with diarrhea, fixing decoctions of their oak bark are prepared. Help to stop pain syndrome mint, calendula, St. John's wort. They fight constipation with enemas based on a decoction of chamomile.

Dysbacteriosis in children

Dysbacteriosis in a child is more common than in an adult. Especially when it comes to breasts. The development of pathology is facilitated by an unformed digestive system, the almost complete absence of one's own immunity. Higher risk of infection in artificial babies.

Dysbacteriosis often occurs in children liquid stool or, conversely, his long absence; restlessness, sleep problems, loss of appetite, prolonged crying. Such babies can be severely underweight. Symptoms of intestinal dysbacteriosis in children are not always pronounced. The deviation can be manifested only by a slight rumbling in the stomach. And you should not ignore this sign, because the situation can worsen.

Treatment of intestinal dysbiosis in children depends on the age of the young patient. Artificial babies are transferred to special mixtures, kefir is introduced into the diet. If the child's diet is mother's milk, then mom is advised to reconsider her menu. Most often, the reasons are in his errors.

Older children, as well as babies suffering from serious dysbacteriosis, may be prescribed antibiotics, preparations containing enzymes. But in any case, it is necessary to adjust the nutrition.

Important! Special attention make sure that the child's body receives enough vitamins.

So, dysbacteriosis is not independent disease, but a consequence of another pathology or wrong image life. If you care about prevention, the intestines need to be protected. Eat normally, do not abuse alcohol, try not to take antibiotics unless absolutely necessary, wash your hands before eating, treat all diseases in a timely manner, undergo regular medical examinations, and avoid outbreaks of epidemics. For kids early age The best preventive measure is breastfeeding.

If dysbacteriosis nevertheless made itself felt, it is necessary to start its treatment immediately. Chronic form fraught with such serious complications as secondary intestinal infections, diverticulitis, enterocolitis, sepsis, peritonitis.
Watch the video:

The body with it constantly lacks necessary substances which leads to deterioration general condition both physical and moral. Acute dysbacteriosis can lead to dehydration. This is especially true and dangerous for young children, who may even die.

The disease cannot be ignored. With a competent approach, dysbacteriosis is successfully treated, the prognosis is favorable.