Dog vaccinations. The best vaccines for dogs

A vaccine helps a dog develop immunity to a specific infection. It contains fragments of an infectious agent, which, when entering a living organism, causes a corresponding reaction in the form of the production of antibodies. Subsequently, if the pet encounters a similar invasion of infection, it will not get sick or the disease will be mild.

Dangerous diseases of dogs for which mandatory vaccination is carried out:

• rabies;
• plague;
• enteritis (parvovirus, coronavirus);
• adenoviral infections;
• leptospirosis;
• infectious hepatitis;
• parainfluenza;
• parvovirus

There are also vaccines against lichen, trichophytosis, and microsporia.

Types of vaccines for dogs

Based active component Vaccines for dogs are divided into attenuated and inactivated. The former are pathogens capable of reproducing. However, due to their weakening, they cannot cause the disease itself, but only stimulate the production of antibodies. The inactivated version is represented by dead microbes. Such vaccinations have a slow and short-term effect, so they need to be repeated.

In addition, there are mono- and multivalent vaccines. In the first case, the composition includes antigens of only one infectious agent. Examples of such vaccines are: Biovac-D, Multikan-1, EPM, Primodog, Kanivac-SN, Rabizin. Several infections are included in the composition of polyvalent drugs. These include: Multikan-4 (6.8), Nobivak, Hexakanivac, Vanguard-7 and others. Multi-strain drugs, as a rule, are not given to puppies, as they put too much strain on the immune system.

Vaccines can be of domestic or foreign origin. Among Russian drugs Well-proven products: Hexakanivac, Multikan, Vakderm, Polivac. Among the “foreigners” the following stand out: Nobivak, Eurikan, Vanguard, Hexadog. Each drug has its own characteristics and administration regimens.

Vaccination of dogs up to one year old

You can start vaccinating your puppy as early as 1.5 months of age. At this time, vaccination against dermatomycosis, distemper and parvovirus enteritis is allowed. However, most often preventive actions start when the puppy is 2-2.5 months old.

IN general outline The vaccination schedule is as follows:

• comprehensive vaccination against infectious diseases (enteritis, hepatitis, leptospirosis, plague, parainfluenza);
• after 3-4 weeks, comprehensive revaccination against infectious diseases and vaccination against rabies;
• after 3-4 months, revaccination against rabies and repeated against infectious diseases are carried out;
• Subsequently, vaccinations are given once a year.

Decides when to start vaccinations veterinarian after examining the puppy. Weakened and sick dogs require a delay. If the pet is healthy, and taking into account that disease prevention begins at 2 months, the vaccination schedule for dogs up to a year will look like this.

What is the vaccine for?

2-2.5 months

Infectious diseases (primary)

3-3.5 months

Contagious diseases (revaccination), rabies (primary)

6-7 months

Infectious diseases (repeated), rabies (revaccination)

12 months

Infectious diseases, including ringworm (repeated)

Vaccination of adult dogs

Dogs over one year old are required to receive annual vaccinations: injections are given once at regular intervals. It is allowed to vaccinate four-legged friends against infectious diseases once every 2 or 3 years, but the rabies vaccination must be given strictly after 12 months.

If the dog is elderly or elderly, then the decision about whether to give injections or not is made based on its health condition. The vaccine may cause an exacerbation chronic diseases pet and further weaken the immune system. Again, a rabies vaccination should be given in any case. According to current legislation the owner cannot refuse it.

How to vaccinate correctly

In order for the vaccination procedure to have only a positive effect on the dog’s body and not lead to complications, you need to adhere to some rules.

• The dog must be completely healthy. Even the slightest malaise, lack of appetite, fatigue and other conditions are reasons for postponing the injection.
• Before vaccination, your pet must be dewormed. Anti-worm medication should be given 14 days before the procedure.
• It is not advisable to vaccinate dogs while they are changing their teeth. A number of drugs have the ability to change the color of tooth enamel.
• Vaccinations are not recommended for puppies under 8 weeks of age. Early administration of the vaccine will weaken the immunity acquired from breast milk. And since they don’t yet have their own, the puppies may be completely defenseless against infectious diseases.
• In addition to deworming, the dog must be treated for external insects. The treatment is carried out the same way two weeks before vaccination.
• Most vaccines have a negative effect on the development of the fetus, so if dogs are to be mated, the vaccine should not be given. At least 12 weeks must pass between vaccination and mating.
• It is best to vaccinate on an empty stomach.
• If your dog is prone to an allergic reaction, you can first give it antihistamine. Which one it is better to consult a doctor.

We should not forget that after vaccination, the pet may develop anaphylactic shock, so for the first few minutes you need to stay close to the veterinary clinic.

Features of rabies vaccination

Although the overall situation with rabies in Russia is favorable, the likelihood of an outbreak of this dangerous disease remains. Russian legislation obliges each owner four-legged friend vaccinate it once a year. If the dog owner refuses to vaccinate his pet, he will face administrative punishment.

The law also provides for free rabies vaccination. Such vaccinations are not included in the cost of services even in private clinics. To get an injection, you can go to a state veterinary hospital. Often, primary comprehensive vaccination against infectious diseases in a state hospital is paid for, and further actions according to the scheme will be free. Moreover, if you get a rabies vaccination in such an institution, then the accompanying events will also be carried out free of charge. Among them: examination of the animal, anthelmintic therapy, registration of a dog passport, installation of a chip.

Contraindications to vaccination

Not all dogs can be routine vaccination. Among the contraindications it should be noted:

• feverish condition;
• acute diseases;
• 14 days before and after ear and tail docking;
• change of teeth;
• planned mating;
• severe weakening, exhaustion of the dog’s body (for example, after illness, surgery);
• pregnancy.

How much does vaccination cost?

Prices preventive vaccinations dogs vary depending on many factors:

• features of the vaccine (manufacturer, composition);
• vaccination location (home or clinic);
• pricing policy of the veterinary institution (budget, average, premium, luxury).

For example, giving an injection at home will cost 500 rubles more than if you bring your pet to the clinic. It will be more expensive to vaccinate a dog with an imported complex vaccine than a domestically produced one. On average, the cost of a comprehensive vaccination is about 1,500 rubles.

Where is the best place to vaccinate?

Many owners try to vaccinate their pet at home. On the one hand, the dog feels more confident, which has a positive effect on its health and ability to tolerate vaccination. However, there is a danger that the animal’s condition may worsen sharply, for example, due to an allergic reaction, anaphylactic shock, and then emergency veterinary care will be required.

It is best to bring your pet to the clinic, undergo a preliminary examination, get a vaccine and wait a while. You can walk around the clinic or sit in the car. After making sure that everything is in order with the body’s response, you can go home.

Any owner wants to see their pet healthy and cheerful. The key to such a dog’s condition is timely vaccination.

The day has finally come when the long-awaited puppy appears in the house! In an instant, life became a little better, she was illuminated with new energy, fun and love. The only thing that overshadows this moment is concern for the life and health of a pet that is already beloved and dear to the heart.

In this regard, the relevant question is: “How to protect a puppy from possible diseases?” The answer is very simple - through vaccinations.

Necessity

The word “vaccination” means a special vaccine that is administered to an animal at certain periods of life and protects its body from the effects of infectious agents.

The vaccine may contain live weakened or killed microorganisms. The introduction of these drugs reduces the risk of possible infection of the pet when encountering an infection, and in the event of a disease, reduces the severity of complications. Therefore, vaccinating a dog is a top priority for any owner.

How does the vaccine work?

The vaccine, due to the content of antigenic determinants, creates artificial acquired immunity in the animal's body.

In other words, the immune system dogs recognize a weakened infectious agent, produce antibodies and create clones of protective cells that are capable of destroying it. Subsequently, when encountering an infectious agent, the pet’s immunity is short time will destroy it without allowing clinical symptoms to appear.

Types of vaccines

There are live, attenuated (weakened) and non-live vaccines. “Dead” vaccines are not capable of causing disease even in a weakened dog, so they are considered safer. However, immunity from such a vaccine is less intense and persistent than when using a live vaccine.

In this regard, vaccinating a dog using weakened microorganisms is more preferable, but only in absolutely healthy animals.

Based on the number of infectious agent antigens used, a distinction is made between mono-vaccines (creating immunity against one pathogen) and complex vaccines (containing antigens of several infections at once).

A complex vaccine for dogs containing antigens of pathogens of the following diseases has become widespread:

• canine distemper;
• parvovirus enteritis;
• infectious hepatitis;
• parainfluenza;
• leptospirosis.

Vaccination of dogs against rabies is usually carried out using a monovaccine.

Which vaccine to choose

In Russia greatest distribution vaccines produced in the Netherlands (Nobivac) and France (Eurican) have been received; they are considered safer and more effective compared to domestic counterparts.

The vaccine received a lot of praise « Nobivac Rabies" against rabies, since, unlike other drugs, it extremely rarely causes allergic reactions in an animal due to the use herbal remedies to obtain the pathogen antigen.

Other vaccines in the Nobivac series (Puppy DP, DHP, DHPPi) are positioned by many dog ​​owners as potentially dangerous with the highest risk of developing allergies, including anaphylactic shock. Despite this significant drawback, vaccinating dogs with these drugs is very popular and demonstrates a high level of reliability in the development of stable immunity.

Some can also be used to vaccinate an animal. imported drugs and their domestic analogues:

• “Multikan”, “Biovac”, “Polivak-TM”, “Dipentavak” (made in Russia);
• “Hexadog” (made in the USA - France), “Duramune” (USA), “Vanguard” (Belgium), “Primodog” (France).

As a rule, the above-mentioned products are characterized by an average level of safety and effectiveness, but are more affordable.

Veterinary passport

The international veterinary passport is the most important document dogs, without which it is impossible long trips with a dog around the country, traveling abroad, participating in exhibitions and breeding.

The most important points of a dog’s veterinary passport are:

• vaccination against rabies and others infectious diseases animals;
• flea and tick treatment;
• deworming;
• reproduction.

The document also contains information about the owner of the animal, identification (in the case of implantation of an electronic chip) and some characteristics of the dog, in particular gender, color and special features.

When should you give your puppy his first vaccinations?

The responsibility for administering the puppy's first vaccination falls on the shoulders of the conscientious breeder. If mandatory vaccinations were never marked before the sale, this hassle falls on the new owners, who have to worry about when to give the puppy the first vaccination.

Puppy vaccination is carried out at the age of 8-10 weeks. As a rule, vaccination of a puppy at 2 months involves the use of vaccines against all major canine diseases, except rabies. The first rabies vaccination is given to the dog only after three weeks. At the same time, the puppy is given a second vaccination using complex vaccines against infectious diseases.

How to prepare a puppy for its first vaccination

Before the puppy’s first vaccination, it is necessary to take a responsible approach to both the choice of vaccine (decide with the manufacturer, check the expiration date and storage conditions) and the preparation of the patient himself.

Vaccinations against major diseases

Rabies

Rabies is a dangerous viral disease that affects warm-blooded animals and humans. Infection is possible when the virus penetrates through damaged skin or mucous membranes, as well as through the nutritional route (the pathogen penetrates through the mucous membranes oral cavity with contaminated meat). The mortality rate from rabies is 100%. The disease cannot be cured.

A puppy's rabies vaccination is mandatory. It is carried out 3-4 weeks after the first vaccination with revaccination once a year. The drugs used are Nobivac Rabies, Rabisin-R, Defensor 3, Rabican (strain Shchelkovo-51).

Parvovirus enteritis

Parvovirus enteritis is one of the most common diseases infectious nature carnivores. It is highly contagious, with a mortality rate reaching 80%. The disease occurs in an extremely severe form, especially among puppies under six months of age, and is accompanied by profuse vomiting, myocarditis, and severe dehydration.

Vaccination against enteritis is carried out at the age of 8 weeks and, as a rule, is part of a complex vaccination (Nobivac DHPPi). In some cases, mono-vaccines can be used for vaccination: Biovac-P, Primodog, Nobivac Parvo-C.

Carnivore plague

Carnivore plague has been known since the mid-18th century. Despite the appearance modern techniques prevention and treatment, mortality ranges from 60 to 85%. Distemper is an infectious disease of viral etiology.

The following manifestations are observed in the clinic: fever, pneumonia, inflammation in the mucous membranes internal organs, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract and nervous system.

Specific prevention of canine distemper is vaccination. The first vaccination is given at 2 months as part of a comprehensive vaccination for dogs.

Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is bacterial infection with a high mortality rate (up to 90%). The source of infection is a warm-blooded animal (rodents, commercial and domestic animals). Infection occurs through damaged skin and mucous membranes, as well as through nutrition.

The disease is characterized by damage to the intima of small vessels, acute intoxication of the body and, as a result, disruption of the functioning of vital organs.

Vaccination for puppies at 2 months mandatory includes vaccination against leptospirosis. Antigenic determinants of the pathogen are included in all common complex vaccines. IN exceptional cases a monovaccine can be used: “Nobivac Lepto”, “Biovac-L”.

Parainfluenza

Parainfluenza refers to viral infections highly contagious with damage to the upper respiratory tract dogs. Airborne transmission is typical. Mostly unvaccinated puppies under the age of 1 year get sick. The mortality rate is low: the disease is successfully treated and ends with complete recovery, in rare cases - viral carriage.

A polyvalent vaccine is used to vaccinate puppies against parainfluenza. Complex vaccination “Eurican DHPPI2-L” and “Nobivac DHPPi+L” (containing antigenic determinants of pathogens of plague, hepatitis, enteritis, parainfluenza and leptospirosis) is given at the age of 8 and 12 weeks.

Lyme disease

Lyme disease is a classic naturally occurring obligate transmissible borreliosis. The causative agents are bacteria of the genus Borrelia, ecologically associated with some species of ticks of the genus Ixodes (Ixodes). Infection of ticks with Borrelia in some regions of Russia reaches 20%.

Dogs vary in their individual sensitivity to Borrelia. In this case, the disease can be either asymptomatic (in 10% of pets) or in full swing. clinical symptoms with damage to internal organs and the musculoskeletal system.

Tick ​​vaccination for dogs is not mandatory, but its use is necessary if living in an area where Lyme borreliosis is endemic.

Coronavirus infection

The causative agent of coronavirus infection is viruses of the Coronaviridae family, which infect cells of the mucous membrane small intestine. As a rule, the disease is asymptomatic and does not pose a significant danger to the pet.

Vaccination against of this disease is not included in the standard vaccination schedule for dogs. At the request of the owner, vaccination can be given in case high risk infection with parvovirus enteritis, which is explained by their mutual aggravating effect on the course of the disease.

Basic rules for dog vaccination

Vaccination is a serious stress for the dog’s body, so it is necessary to minimize the risks of possible complications.

Also, when vaccinating, you must adhere to the following basic principles:

1. Vaccinations for dogs are carried out strictly according to age;
2. It is not recommended to vaccinate puppies before 8 weeks of age due to the high activity of maternal antibodies;
3. vaccination is carried out using routine vaccinations according to the dog vaccination schedule;
4. Annual vaccination of dogs is carried out in order to maintain strong immunity;
5. The vaccination program includes: mandatory vaccinations (rabies, enteritis, canine distemper, parainfluenza and leptospirosis) and vaccinations in endemic areas (Lyme disease, coronavirus enteritis).

Vaccination schedule

The classic option for puppy vaccination is vaccination from eight weeks of age. In this case, a complex vaccine is given at 2 months, and after 21 days a revaccination is performed. At the same time, they are vaccinated against rabies. After the final change of teeth, a comprehensive vaccination is given. Next, the dog is revaccinated once a year with a polyvalent vaccine and a monovalent rabies vaccine.

Along with classic version, an alternative vaccination schedule for puppies is possible. In this case, the baby is vaccinated from a very early age - 4 weeks using a special vaccine for puppies (Nobivac Puppy) against canine distemper and parvovirus enteritis. At 8-10 weeks a complex vaccination is given. Next, the classic scheme is repeated.

It should be remembered that only an experienced veterinarian, taking into account current state pet must decide on the answers to the questions: “When should a puppy have vaccinations?”, “What vaccinations should a puppy have? currently? and “Which vaccination regimen is appropriate for a particular patient?”

Complications after vaccination

During the period after vaccination, the puppy’s immunity is most vulnerable, therefore, its condition should be carefully monitored for 7-10 days and not subjected to serious physical activity, sudden changes temperature factors, do not bathe. It is also necessary to exclude any contact with unvaccinated animals.

Answers to common questions

To summarize, we will answer the most frequently asked questions about vaccination.

1. What vaccinations does a puppy need? - The puppy must be vaccinated against the main infectious diseases of dogs: rabies, leptospirosis, parvovirus enteritis, parainfluenza, canine distemper. If desired, for Lyme disease and coronavirus infection.
2. What vaccinations does an adult dog need? - An adult dog must be vaccinated against the same diseases as a puppy.
3. At what age are puppies vaccinated? - Depending on the chosen vaccination regimen - in 4-6 or 8-12 weeks.
4. When should an adult dog be vaccinated? - Starting from the age of one year, distemper vaccinations for dogs and complex vaccinations are given once a year.
5. What vaccinations does a puppy need to have before the age of 1 year? - By classic scheme in 1 year the dog will be given: 3 polyvalent vaccines, 2 rabies vaccines. According to the alternative scheme - 1 vaccine for puppies, 3 complex vaccines, 2 rabies vaccines.
6. What vaccinations are required? - Vaccination against rabies, leptospirosis, parvovirus enteritis, parainfluenza, and canine distemper is required.
7. How much do puppy vaccinations cost? - The Nobivac Puppy vaccine costs an average of 300 rubles per dose.
8. How much does it cost to vaccinate a dog? - One trip to the veterinary clinic for vaccination will cost 900-1000 rubles in the regions, 1100-1300 in Moscow and the Moscow region.

Vaccination of a beloved dog is an important stage in the life of any owner. Even before purchasing a puppy, you should worry about how to fully protect its life. We should also not forget that when taking home a little bundle of life, you have to take on full responsibility and numerous difficulties. Fortunately, to this day the phrase of A. Exupery remains extremely relevant: “We are responsible for those we have tamed.”

Video

In the video you will find a description of possible complications after vaccination.

So, a puppy appeared in the house. Every owner wants to see their pet cheerful, cheerful and healthy. Like to a small child The puppy needs careful care and care from adults. In order for it to grow well and develop properly, it is necessary to ensure not only good nutrition And physical activity, but also protect it from infections.

To prevent infectious diseases, puppies are vaccinated against major diseases. Some of them, such as rabies, pose a threat not only to animals, but also to humans. What vaccinations does a puppy need? At what age? How to prepare your pet for vaccination? - you will learn about this from our article. We will also talk about what complications occur in response to a particular vaccination, and consider the most popular vaccines against infectious diseases in dogs.

What diseases are puppies vaccinated against?

What vaccinations are given to puppies under one year of age? Each region may have its own list of infectious diseases from which it is necessary to protect the puppy. But there are a number of diseases against which it is imperative to vaccinate in almost every corner of our country. These include the following infections:

• rabies;
• parvovirus enteritis;
• carnivore plague.

Depending on the situation in your area, your veterinarian may consider it necessary to vaccinate your puppy against diseases such as:

• coronavirus enteritis;
• viral hepatitis;
• canine parainfluenza;
• Lyme disease;
• piroplasmosis;
• lichen;
• leptospirosis.

We emphasize once again that the decision to vaccinate against a particular disease should be made by a veterinary specialist. It is based on the characteristics of the spread of canine infections in the region and the conditions of keeping and the puppy’s environment.

At what age should you get vaccinated?

The timing of vaccination is also determined by the veterinarian, but, as a rule, doctors adhere to the general vaccination schedule for puppies under one year of age. General schedule vaccinations next.

It is very important to correctly determine the time of the first vaccination. In puppies feeding mother's milk, the so-called passive (maternal) immunity is formed. It exists due to antibodies to infectious diseases, which the bitch passes on to her offspring with milk, especially with its first portions - colostrum. If the mother is not vaccinated, then the children will not have passive immunity. Therefore, it is recommended to purchase puppies from responsible breeders who care about the health of the litter and vaccinate the producers in a timely manner. After all, any vaccination will provide protection to the puppy no earlier than two to three weeks later, and if maternal immunity is low, then during this period your pet runs the risk of contracting an infection.

If the litter is small and the mother has enough milk for one-month-old puppies, then the vaccination period is moved closer to 10 weeks. If the number of puppies under the bitch is large, and a lot of complementary food is already given per month, then vaccination is carried out at 6–8 weeks, provided good health and child development. For weak puppies from such a litter, it is recommended to postpone vaccination for 1–2 weeks.

It is not recommended to vaccinate puppies before two months of age. Firstly, maternal antibodies circulating in the puppy’s blood will interfere with the formation of a good response to the vaccine. And secondly, the immune system of the small organism itself is not yet fully formed and does not work at full strength. Still, in some cases it is necessary to vaccinate at the age of 4–6 weeks. Such a move may be justified, for example, if there is a threatening situation in the nursery due to a certain disease, and there is no maternal immunity to this infection. Then, when the puppy reaches 10–12 weeks of age, the vaccination is repeated, and then vaccinated again after three to four weeks. For early vaccination, there are specially developed preparations containing less aggressive antigens (PUPPY vaccine series).

People often ask when should a puppy have its first vaccination - before or after the change of teeth? Indeed, some vaccines can cause darkening of tooth enamel, so there is a practice among dog breeders to vaccinate growing pets or before the period of teeth change (before three months) or after it, when the puppy is already six months old. The second option is dangerous because the dog may get sick, because the age of 4–5 months is the most problematic for diseases such as distemper or parvovirus enteritis.

Vaccines for puppies

There are two large groups vaccines: live and inactivated (killed). To prevent rabies and leptospirosis in puppies, inactivated drugs are usually used.

The vaccine can also be monovalent or polyvalent - against one or more infections. For standard disease prevention in dogs, polyvaccines are used against distemper, enteritis and hepatitis, sometimes rabies is added to this.

Modern imported and domestic drugs have low reactogenicity, that is, they practically do not cause complications. Foreign manufacturers' vaccines are somewhat more expensive. Also, their line of biological products is much wider - they produce vaccines against one, three, four, five and even six diseases in one bottle.

There is only one vaccine for puppies, which can be used from four weeks of age. This is “Nobivak Puppy DP” against plague and parvovirus enteritis (manufacturer Intervet International B.V., Holland).

We present data on imported and domestically produced vaccines that are widely used today for vaccinating dogs in the table.

Preparing for vaccination

A week before vaccination it is necessary to carry out deworming. How to worm a puppy before vaccination and what drugs to use? Any veterinary pharmacy will offer you a wide selection of medications. It is recommended to give pyrantel-based anthelmintics to small puppies. You can give children's "Pyrantel" (suspension) according to the following scheme.

Is it necessary to worm the puppy before the second vaccination? - yes, it is necessary to give anthelmintics before each vaccination. Before the age of 10 weeks, it is recommended to choose drugs in the form of a suspension for puppies. Also, after drinking the suspension, give 4 ml Vaseline oil.

For dogs older than 10 weeks, you can use deworming tablets for puppies a week before vaccination according to the instructions for the medications. Here is a list of the most common anthelmintics for dogs:

Is it possible to feed a puppy before vaccination? It is better to vaccinate in the morning on an empty stomach. Water is provided without restrictions. If the procedure is planned for the second half of the day, then feed your pet 2-3 hours before it. If you feed the dog natural food(not dry food or canned food), then make the feeding more dietary and do not give the dog heavy foods.

All the time - from the weaning of the baby from the mother until the completion of the course of vaccinations - quarantine must be observed. Don't take your puppy for walks common areas and don't let him interact with other dogs.

How is vaccination carried out?

For vaccination, it is better to invite a veterinarian to your home. Some breeders provide vaccination services for puppies purchased from them, in which case you can take your baby there. Immediately before vaccination, the veterinarian examines the animal and measures its body temperature. May be needed additional tests blood, in this case the vaccination will have to be postponed until the results are obtained.

After examination and temperature measurement, vaccination begins. Most vaccines are available in liquid form in single-dose ampoules or vials (1-2 ml of liquid). One dose is always administered, the injection is usually given intramuscularly in the back of the thigh. Sometimes subcutaneous administration of the vaccine is allowed.

Possible complications

After vaccination, carefully monitor the puppy. Usually dogs tolerate all types of vaccinations well, but in rare cases local and general vaccinations may develop. adverse reactions.

In about 5% of cases, a small swelling or lump forms at the injection site. It does not need to be treated; after vaccination, the puppy’s lump will resolve within 1–3 weeks. If the swelling increases or the injection site is sharply painful, then you need to consult a veterinarian.

Allergies to vaccines in dogs are practically not observed. There is a small chance of developing anaphylactic shock (as with any biological drug). This puppy reaction to the vaccine occurs 5-15 minutes after the vaccine is administered. Therefore, after the injection, you need to wait some time and not leave the veterinary clinic immediately, so that if the dog is in shock, it can be quickly treated medical assistance.

Among the normal reactions to vaccination, the following may be present (on the day of vaccination or the next day):

When should you sound the alarm? - you need to contact a veterinarian if:

• diarrhea in a puppy after vaccination lasts more than one day;
• body temperature increased to 39–40 °C;
• after vaccination the puppy developed repeated vomiting;
• convulsions or muscle twitching are observed;
• there is no appetite, the puppy does not eat for a day or more after vaccination;
• drooling and discharge from the eyes and nose develop.

Sometimes the puppy whines after vaccination. In general feeling good and appetite is not scary - this is how your pet reacts to the stress of the injection.

What to do after vaccination

As already mentioned, until the end of the course of vaccinations, the puppy must be quarantined after vaccination. Restrictions are lifted two weeks after the last injection of the vaccine - by this time, full protection against diseases has been formed.

How many days after vaccination can you walk your puppy? If you have an area where other dogs have limited access (for example, your own garden or enclosure), then walking can begin before vaccination. Otherwise, it is not recommended to walk outside until the end of quarantine - otherwise you risk catching an infection.

Also, the end of quarantine is the time when you can bathe the puppy after vaccination.

To summarize all that has been said, we note that puppies are usually vaccinated with complex vaccines against distemper, enteritis, rabies and canine hepatitis. The age of the first vaccination is determined by the veterinarian, but usually the vaccination is carried out in two injections - at 8–10 and 11–12 weeks. How to prepare a puppy for its first vaccination? A week before the event, deworming is carried out. For several days before vaccination, the pet’s well-being is carefully monitored - it must be completely healthy. Otherwise, vaccination is postponed. The puppy develops immunity 2 weeks after the last injection of the vaccine. After this period, you can walk with your pet without restrictions and bathe it in a bath or natural reservoirs.

The owner of a pet, especially a dog or cat, must first of all take care of maintaining its health, protecting it from serious illnesses, including rabies. Danger can arise during a walk, hunting, contact with other animals, or outdoor shoes. Preventive protection against viral diseases, vaccination is aimed at forming a protective barrier against the administered antigen.

Vaccinations begin for puppies at two or three months of age, followed by revaccination in accordance with the schedule prescribed by the veterinarian. Some breeders do not go to clinics and prefer to administer vaccines to their pets themselves, but the procedure requires some knowledge and experience to carry it out successfully.

Preparatory stage

Injections at home are recommended in a number of cases: when a breeder has a lot of puppies, he wants to avoid contact with other dogs in the hospital, when adult dog weakened, or the owner and the pet live far from the veterinary station. Dog breeders who decide to vaccinate their puppies themselves must keep a mandatory record, indicating the date of administration of the vaccine and its name. In addition, the puppy owner should:

• study the list of diseases dangerous for dogs, against rabies - injection is required, since there is a risk of infecting humans;
• select appropriate vaccines (you can consult a veterinary clinic);
• paint detailed diagram the use of this or that medicine, understand the sequence, the possibility of combining them with each other. Remember, you can three weeks after the main ones;
• Remember that for revaccination of dogs, the same product is used as for the first time.

Dog vaccination over a year old can be carried out with any drug, but it is better to use an already proven vaccine.

What is required for vaccination

Having decided on the vaccines for the dog and the schedule for their administration, you will need to properly purchase the drug and buy the materials that accompany the successful administration of the injection. The vaccine is purchased at a veterinary pharmacy; it is advisable to check the permitting documentation confirming the company’s activities.

It should be understood that 2 – 8 degrees, so to transport it home you will need a mini-fridge or thermos with ice. Be sure to study the expiration date of the injection, check the bottle for integrity (there should be no chips or visible scratches), and check whether the storage conditions are met.

Acquire related medicines: 70% alcohol for disinfection or alcohol wipes, two ml disposable syringes, thermometer, baby cream, veterinary passport or notebook for recording data on the vaccination.

How to prepare your pet for vaccination

Main stage

During immunization, the rules of asepsis and antiseptics are observed. Use gloves to protect the skin of your hands from possible contact with the product. They put a muzzle on the animal; if it is aggressive, they call a second person to help, who will secure the dog for the duration of the injection. The bottle of medicine is taken out of the refrigerator in advance and kept until a comfortable temperature is reached.

• preparing the composition. For example, the rabies vaccine is available in two derivatives. Before the injection, mix the liquid component with the dry substance to obtain a single dose of the drug. First draw into a syringe liquid substance, having previously treated the lid with alcohol, then insert the needle through the lid into the bottle with the dry component, wait for complete dissolution and homogeneity of the liquid;
• draw the injection suspension into a syringe, it is advisable to take a new syringe;
• get rid of air. You can do it like this. You will need to take the syringe vertically, press the plunger until liquid flows out of the spout, you can tap the syringe a little, then the bubbles will concentrate together and it will be easier to remove them;
• fix the dog, spread the fur on the withers, wipe the skin with an alcohol solution;
• pull back the skin at the withers, insert a needle 1.5 cm;
• The dog is vaccinated subcutaneously; if administered correctly, the pet will not feel pain. Some drugs are administered intramuscularly, and not at the withers. In such cases, you will need to determine the muscle, having first checked the information with veterinarians, or, in extreme cases, on the Internet;
• knead the injection area, treat again with alcohol;
• stick labels from the bottle into a notebook and indicate the date of re-vaccination;
• Dispose of the vials and the remaining substance.

Further caring for the dog comes down to monitoring its behavior. Severe reactions may appear in the first hour after the injection. Breathing problems, increased swelling, and anxiety will require going to the clinic and using medications.

Post-vaccination period

Over the next 3 days, the dog may experience the following symptoms: refusal of usual food, lethargy, drowsiness, swelling at the injection site, allergies. As a rule, symptoms go away on their own, without medical intervention. You should not disturb your pet or force it to move, you should provide it with fresh water, and make the environment around it calm and comfortable.

After the injection, the dog is quarantined to prevent contact with an infected animal before immunity has developed. This is especially true for primary vaccinated young individuals. Puppies are restricted from walking for a month (two weeks before vaccination, two after); when immunized against rabies, the quarantine after the injection is maintained for three weeks.

Conclusion

Vaccinating your dog at home is not difficult. However, the dog breeder should remember that when traveling abroad or when traveling to other regions of the country by train or plane, you will need to present a document confirming that you have given the necessary vaccines to the dog, and such papers are officially issued in veterinary hospitals. A similar document is required when placing a dog in a pet hotel.

Find out how to properly prepare your pet for vaccination to ensure maximum effectiveness.

Why is vaccination mandatory for dogs?

The dog is a social animal, actively exploring environment and striving to communicate with relatives. Unlike cats, walks are an integral part of any dog's life. It is while walking while playing with other animals or coming into contact with their feces that a dog can become infected with a deadly disease.

Vaccination promotes the production of antibodies in the animal's body. The life of a dog whose blood contains antibodies against viral diseases will be more comfortable and safe than the life of an unvaccinated pet.

In addition, a dog that has not been vaccinated will pose a danger to its owner and surrounding people and animals. The reason is that some viral diseases can be transmitted from animals to humans. One such disease is rabies, for which there is no cure.

What infectious diseases are dogs vaccinated against?

Various types of vaccines for dogs allow the body to develop stable immunity to the following infectious diseases:

• Plague;
• Parvovirus enteritis;
• Infectious hepatitis;
• Adenovirus;
• Leptospirosis;
• Rabies.

We will talk about the most dangerous of them in more detail.

Infectious canine hepatitis

Infectious canine hepatitis (canine adenovirus-1, or Rubart's disease) – viral disease, which is very easily transmitted from one animal to another. Only dogs get sick; this virus does not pose a danger to humans.

Rubart's disease affects the kidneys, liver, endothelium blood vessels. In veterinary practice, both mild and severe course a disease that can be fatal.

A few days after infection, the dog becomes extremely dangerous to other unvaccinated animals: the infection is transmitted through direct contact, as well as through saliva, urine and feces. Recovering or already recovered dogs can shed the virus in their urine for several months.

Vaccination for dogs against this disease is required from 2 months of age.

Plague (Distemper)

This is extremely contagious disease. The causative agent of plague is the Carré morbillivirus; its analogue in humans is the measles virus. Distemper is the leading cause of death in dogs worldwide.

The plague virus can survive for for long years even when frozen. In the spring, the activity of the virus increases, which explains the increase in the number of diseases in dogs in the spring months.

Carré morbillivirus especially often affects unvaccinated puppies aged 3 to 8 months. However, older dogs can also get sick. The first vaccination against plague is given to animals at the age of 2 months.

Rabies

This is a disease that leaves the animal no chance of survival. The disease can be transmitted to humans and is incurable. The average incubation period in dogs is 3 to 8 weeks. Virus by nerve fibers penetrates the brain, duration incubation period depends on the distance of the bite site from the head.

After this, the virus infects salivary glands where it begins to reproduce and is excreted with saliva - during this period the dog begins to pose a serious danger to other animals and humans.

Treatments against this virus not developed. The owner must be sure that his animal is vaccinated. The first rabies vaccination is given to a dog at the age of 2-4 months. The dog should then receive an annual rabies vaccination at veterinary clinic mandatory and a note about the vaccination in veterinary passport. In municipal animal clinics this vaccination is provided free of charge.

Exist various shapes rabies, general symptoms for which are:

• Photophobia;
• Rabies;
• Excessive salivation (hypersalivation);
• Cloudy vision, divergent squint, viscous discharge from the eyes;
• Protruding third eyelid;
• Aggressive behavior.

Why is it necessary to vaccinate a dog before mating?

Before breeding animals, both owners must make sure that the dogs are completely healthy. The reason for the need for vaccination lies not only in the fact that an unvaccinated dog can be a carrier of a dangerous disease. A healthy and vaccinated mother dog will provide puppies with stable immunity through the placenta. Thus, the health of puppies born from a vaccinated mother will be protected from dangerous infections during the first two months from their birth.

Features of puppy vaccination. Vaccination of dogs by age

It is important to know that you cannot take a young, unvaccinated animal outside. Only 14-21 days after the second vaccination the baby will be able to take a walk. At this moment, his age must be at least 11 weeks. If the dog owner lives in a country house, the puppy's walks are more early age can be carried out under supervision in a yard where there are no other dogs.

Don't rush to accustom your puppy to the street. Failure to vaccinate your dog while walking can cost your pet's life.

The first vaccination is given at the age of 8-9 weeks; after 1 year, dogs are vaccinated every year until the end of the animal’s life.

Dog vaccination schedule

How to prepare your dog for vaccination and why it may not be effective

Considering that vaccination costs a lot of money, if you give it to an untreated animal, you risk simply losing your money.

Also, failure to comply with this rule often leads to infection of the animal. dangerous diseases, to which the body could not produce antibodies. Sometimes tens of thousands of rubles are spent on the treatment of such diseases.

Mandatory treatment of cats for worms before vaccination with Prazitel will be effective because:

• Prazitel acts on all types and stages of development of helminths in cats and kittens (protects the animal from round and tapeworms, their eggs, larvae and adults);
• The therapeutic effect of Prazitel is achieved in 95-100% of cases with a single use.

Safety for cat health:

• Optimal content active ingredients and high-quality foreign-made substances make the drug safe for animals;
• When using Prazitel there are no side effects, the drug is well tolerated by animals of all breeds and ages.