Why is there a tone during pregnancy. What is dangerous tone during pregnancy? Signs of uterine tone in a pregnant woman

Starting from the first weeks of pregnancy, the whole body of a woman undergoes restructuring and preparation. optimal conditions to develop a new life. And the mother is no exception. Natural stretching and its increase in size are often accompanied by specific sensations of varying severity. It is important to distinguish physiological changes and their manifestations from other, pathological conditions requiring medical control. We will talk about such a phenomenon as "the uterus is in good shape."

The tone of the uterus is involuntary contractions of its muscular layer (myometrium). Most often, this manifestation is a consequence of certain processes in the body, rather than an independent phenomenon. In the event of such spasms, it is important to control their duration and intensity. So, how is the tone of the uterus manifested and what are the methods for diagnosing this condition?

Signs of uterine tone

Depending on the degree of uterine tone, the symptoms may be more or less pronounced. Manifestations of hypertension that require a doctor's consultation are:

Pain in the lower abdomen. The nature of sensations can be either pulling, similar to menstrual, or cramping (more later dates).
Painful sensations in the sacrum, back, aching in them.
Bloody discharge from the genital tract.
Any discharge other than typical daily discharge.

In the case of such complaints, along with the palpation that the doctor will carry out in horizontal position pregnant women, ultrasound monitoring is recommended. It can be performed both with the help of a vaginal probe and transabdominally. Based on the results of the study, the doctor judges the localization of the tone - according to the anterior or back wall myometrium, its intensity - 1 or 2 degree.

A woman can determine the presence of uterine tone on her own. To do this, she should lie on her back, relax, put her hand on her stomach. Gently probing it, the expectant mother should follow the sensations. If during the examination the abdomen is soft, this indicates that obvious reasons no worries. Hard, dense stomach, "like a stone" - an alarm signal that requires special attention. In this case, it should be assumed that the tone of the uterus is increased. This condition can pose a serious threat to pregnancy, up to its termination.

Causes of uterine tone

An increase in the tone of the uterus is caused by causes that are not always directly related to it. Among the most common are common factors that have an impact regardless of the duration of pregnancy, and those that are able to manifest themselves to the maximum only in a certain trimester.

General Factors

Overwork, stress.

These factors provide negative impact on the susceptible body of a pregnant woman, exposing it to additional stress.

Physical exercises.

Active sports during a "special position" can lead to unwanted muscle strain and, as a result, hypertonicity.

Inflammatory diseases reproductive system.

Previous interventions chronic diseases uterus or its appendages create a risk of increased tone with increasing load on the organ (uterus).

infectious and somatic diseases- ARI, influenza, diseases of the heart, liver, kidneys or other organs, abnormalities in the work of the central nervous system.

Deviations in the functioning of body systems can cause a violation of the regulation of muscle contractions of the uterus.

Rhesus conflict.

A negative Rh factor of a pregnant woman can cause conflict with positive Rh factor future dad. Then the mother's body perceives the fetus already as foreign body which needs to be eliminated. The result is an increased contraction of the muscles of the uterus and hypertonicity.

Anatomy.

Individual structural features, the shape of the uterus (bicornuate or saddle-shaped) can serve as a predisposing factor to its excessive compression and spasms, and cause difficulties with bearing.

Trimester features

The most frequent "provocateurs" of uterine tone on early dates pregnancy - hormonal disorders and severe toxicity.

Lack of progesterone in the body - a hormone directly responsible for normal tone in the uterus - a serious bell, indifference to which can lead to a miscarriage.

Severe toxicosis is often accompanied by abundant and frequent vomiting. In this case, there is an intense compression of almost all abdominal muscles, including the muscles of the uterus.

In the second and third trimesters, the causes of tone are physiological in nature.

Multiple pregnancy, large fetus, polyhydramnios cause excessive stretching of the uterus and increase tension in it.

Treatment of uterine tone

If the doctor diagnosed the tone of the uterus, the treatment of this unpleasant phenomenon will be aimed at relaxing its muscle layer, eliminating spasms. Specialized therapy is prescribed exclusively by a doctor, based on an analysis of the causes that caused this condition. Medical treatment will not have the desired effect without observing bed rest - the first and main requirement. The most widely used are the following "relaxing" drugs:

No-shpa (injection or in the form of tablets), Papaverine and Magnesia.
3rd trimester - vitamin support (for example, Magne B-6). It is not recommended to completely eliminate contractions, because there is a gradual preparation of the body for labor.

In addition, medications are prescribed to eliminate the actual cause of the tone. If there is a shortage of progesterone - the corresponding replacement therapy make up for his deficiency. With Rh conflict or excess male hormones appropriate treatment is also selected.

How to remove the tone of the uterus at home

Simple manipulations aimed at relieving the tone of the uterus and the pain caused by it can be performed by the pregnant woman herself, without leaving home.

Exercise "Cat"

Get on all fours, raise your head and arch your back. The deflection must be done on inspiration. Stay in this position for 3-5 seconds. Return to starting position. Repeat this several times and then rest for an hour. Important Rule: perform the exercise smoothly, without sudden movements while maintaining calm breathing.

Relaxation of facial muscles

Settle in comfortable posture and lower your head, trying to relax all the muscles of the face and neck as much as possible. Breathing is even, through the mouth. Try not to think about anything at this moment. The exercise lasts several minutes. This technique will not only relieve tension, but also teach you to feel and control your body.

aromatherapy

Warm shower with aromatic oils, a drop of oil in the medallion will calm you down, return the mood and positive attitude. However, you should be careful both with the choice of oil (some, on the contrary, can increase tone), and with its quantity.

Prevention of uterine tone

Any disease or pathological condition is much better to prevent than to eliminate. Several simple recommendations help, if not to avoid tone, then significantly reduce the risk of its occurrence.

Daily walks to fresh air- a portion of oxygen and an excellent charge in one bottle.
Regular gymnastics. Doable physical exercises normalize muscle tone, give vigor and a positive attitude.
Proper nutrition. Try to exclude from the diet not only all "harmful things", but also foods that provoke increased gas formation. It is recommended to limit the consumption of a number of spices, such as garlic, parsley, celery. Salty and smoked foods lead to increased water intake, retain it in the body, which increases the risk of edema and polyhydramnios. This can cause tone.
Taking vitamins. The doctor will tell you the drugs you need.
If discomfort occurs, limit or completely refuse sexual activity for a while.
Avoid wearing tight clothing that will put pressure on your stomach and impair blood circulation.
The most important thing is more positive emotions. Smile, enjoy your wonderful state.

Careful attitude to your health, compliance with the recommendations of the doctor will help to endure and give birth healthy baby. It is important to remember that the increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy is not a sentence, but a feature of its course, which requires closer attention.

For the expectant mother, her new state becomes fantastic, new sensations, habits, desires and emotions appear. But in addition to enjoying the cosmic feelings of bearing a small life, one has to constantly monitor the state of health. Uterine tone during pregnancy is a common diagnosis that a woman can hear on different terms. It is necessary to reduce all the risks and dangers associated with this pathology for the viability and development of the baby.

Uterus, structural features

It is very simple to imagine how conception occurs with subsequent gestation. After the fusion of the egg and sperm, a special cell is formed - a zygote. It is she who is the basis of all future internal systems and organs. A week after fertilization, the amniotic egg is attached to the uterus.

This body consists of 3 layers. Perimetrium - outer shell, myometrium - muscle, which performs such dangerous contractions and endometrium - the inner layer, during pregnancy, its vessels will be part of the placenta to supply the baby with oxygen and nutrients.

What is uterine tone? These are muscle contractions that occur before the expected delivery date. As the fetus grows, the main reproductive organ will also increase; by 40 weeks, its weight reaches 2 kg. It is conceived by nature that tension occurs only during menstruation, when fertilization has not occurred, and endometrial particles ( blood vessels) come out.

After the onset of conception, the uterus should normally be in a calm, relaxed state for all 9 months. Also, the tone will increase immediately before childbirth, for 1-2 weeks, such conditions are called training contractions, they do not pose a danger.

How to determine the tone of the uterus

You can independently determine the increased tone of the uterus at different stages of pregnancy. Easy enough to diagnose expectant mother What condition is the reproductive organ in? When the first signs appear, it is necessary to consult a doctor.

Symptoms of uterine tone during pregnancy:

most dangerous cuts are considered in the 1st trimester, during this period, heaviness can be felt as during menstruation, accompanied by lingering pain in the lower abdomen, radiating in the lower back, if ignored similar condition, there is a threat of spontaneous miscarriage, up to 12 weeks it is necessary to closely monitor any sensations that arise;
the symptoms in the 2nd trimester are similar to the signs that appear in the 3rd trimester, visually you can notice the contraction of the abdomen, when pressed, it becomes hard, like a stone, urination becomes more frequent, dizziness is observed, and the woman easily recognizes an increase in tone;
emerging nagging pain and noticeable contractions after 36 weeks signal the beginning of the preparation of the body for the birth process, false contractions may appear in a week, quite intense and prolonged;
in some cases, the tone may be asymptomatic, the expectant mother feels great, leads active image life, and the doctor's diagnosis is surprising, to obtain confirmation of the condition, it is worth conducting the recommended studies.

When pain in the lower abdomen, along with secretions of red or Brown color at any period of gestation, it is urgent to contact a gynecologist.

Reasons for the appearance

If you independently determine the tone of the uterus by the arising uncomfortable sensations in the lower abdomen is quite simple, then it is necessary to understand the provoking factors only with the help of a doctor.

Main reasons:

in the early stages due to hormonal background, a lack of progesterone leads to the rejection of the embryo by the mother's body;
anatomical pathologies of the uterus - incomplete development or deviations in the formation of the organs of the reproductive system;
with the predominance of male hormones in a pregnant woman, concomitant signs hyperandrogenism - hair growth over upper lip and chin frequent change mood, irregular cycle, bad condition skin;
if the pituitary gland produces a large number of prolactin, this can only be detected by a blood test, before pregnancy manifests itself in the irregularity of the cycle;
inflammatory diseases of the reproductive system, which were transferred long before the onset of conception;
uterine fibroids - a benign formation, during the gestation period, treatment is carried out with drugs with high content iron, a special diet is prescribed, only after childbirth is therapy with hormonal medications possible;
polyhydramnios, bearing several fetuses, as well as the large size of the child leads to an increase in pressure, and naturally muscular organ starts to shrink;
chronic diseases of internal organs, malfunctions of the cardiovascular, excretory, endocrine systems provoke an increase in tone, often in such cases a woman is recommended to go to the hospital.

Of great importance is the lifestyle that a pregnant woman leads. Bad habits, no rational nutrition, physical and mental stress lead to pathological conditions.

Diagnostics

In medicine, there are several ways to detect such deviations. Women often wonder - how to understand that the uterus is in good shape during pregnancy? To do this, you can go through another examination by a gynecologist, the doctor will quickly determine whether there is a threat or not. Ultrasound is used to determine the extent and location.

Grade 1 - a slight compaction of the uterus, which is asymptomatic, passes on its own in a relaxed, calm state, possible pain in the lower abdomen, they are of a short-term nature, restrictions are recommended in the mode of activity and rest;
2 degree - voltage reproductive organ higher, and therefore more pronounced pain in the sacrum, lower abdomen, lower back, drug therapy is required;
Grade 3 - with any slight pressure, the uterus becomes stone, pain in the abdomen and lower back intensifies, the woman cannot perform her usual duties, the condition requires complete rest and qualified treatment.

Kinds

Hypertonicity along the anterior wall is determined if muscle fibers the anterior wall of the uterus is in tension, this is a clear signal of complications. In the absence of qualified and timely treatment, spotting may occur, and pain intensifies, direct signs of a threatened miscarriage. Emergency help, consisting in hospitalization, it is recommended for a woman if there is a tone on the anterior wall both in the 1st and 2.3 trimesters.

The tone along the back wall often does not have pronounced symptoms, the expectant mother may not feel contractions. In some cases, there is discomfort when walking, after performing physical activity or emotional experiences. Sometimes a pregnant woman feels pressure in the vagina or rectum, if there was an experience of childbirth, sensations similar to attempts.

Treatment and therapy

Grabbing your head in a panic is definitely not worth it. If the uterus is in good shape during pregnancy, what to do - the attending physician will tell you. Initially, diagnostics will be required to identify the causes - a blood test for infections, ultrasound of the pelvic organs, obtaining a reproductive hormonal panel, additional research. And only after receiving the results, an action plan will be developed.

How to remove hypertension at different stages of pregnancy:

in the 1st trimester, a woman is prescribed complete rest, including bed rest, therefore it is recommended to go to the hospital, it is also necessary to drink a complex of provitamins if the reason lies in hormonal disruptions, drugs corresponding to the diagnosis are individually selected;
with signs of hypertonicity in the 2nd trimester, antispasmodics No-shpa are used (orally or intramuscularly) with Papaverine (suppositories), sparing sedatives, in particular, tinctures of motherwort and valerian, among medicines - these are Sibazol and Nozepam, reduce muscle activity - Brikanil, Partusisten, magnesium sulfate;
in the last trimester, the risk of having a non-viable fetus is minimized with the help of drug therapy, tocolytics are used to inhibit preterm labor.

Simple but effective exercises will quickly relieve tension in the uterus:

sit comfortably on a sofa or chair, close your eyes, relax the muscles of your neck and face, focus on even and deep breathing, hold in this position from 10 minutes to an hour;
stand in the pose of a dog, tilt your head back, at the same time arching your back, your eyes are fixed on the ceiling, linger for 3 minutes, then lie down, rest for an hour;
you need the uterus to be in limbo for some time, lean your elbows on the table or back of the chair, after standing for 5 minutes, you can go to bed.

In addition, pregnant women will be recommended a special sparing regimen, as well as a diet (vegetables, cereals, nuts). If there is a threat of tone, warm herbal baths are prescribed, from the second trimester it is recommended to wear a bandage. It is useful for the expectant mother to master the technique of self-massage - light relaxing stroking of the lower abdomen and preventive gymnastics.

Frequent and sometimes involuntary urination, tone (or hypertonicity) of the uterus. These health problems during pregnancy occur most often, so information about them is of interest to most expectant mothers. However, in this article we will talk about only one, but rather unpleasant and serious problem - the tone of the uterus.

Normally, the muscular layer of the pregnant uterus is in a relaxed state. This is necessary, firstly, to maintain pregnancy, and, secondly, to fully provide the fetus with nutrients and oxygen. However, periodic short-term contractions of muscle fibers in uterine wall are also not considered as something pathological. The frequency of such contractions even increases with gestational age. And this is absolutely normal, since the uterus grows (for example, muscle fibers lengthen 10-12 times), various physiological processes aimed at preparing for upcoming birth, and the child, becoming more active every day, irritates the uterine wall with its movements.

But things don't always go according to plan. In some pregnant women, uterine contractions can occur very often and last not 1-2 seconds, but longer, causing quite unpleasant sensations. In such cases, they say that the uterus is in good shape (hypertonicity). This is a pathological condition that requires medical attention.

Keeping the uterine muscles relaxed during pregnancy is a challenge nervous system and hormones (particularly progesterone).

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After implantation of a fertilized egg in the wall of the uterus, impulses begin to actively flow into the woman's brain, as a result of which a focus of excitation is formed in the cortex, called dominant pregnancy. All other impulses are suppressed. Such changes in the CNS are necessary to maintain and normal flow pregnancy. If the pregnant woman is worried severe stress, fear, emotional overstrain, one or even several foci of excitation can form in the cortex, respectively, the dominance of pregnancy weakens. All this provokes irritation of the receptors in the wall of the uterus and a contraction of its muscle layer, that is, the appearance of tone.

An important role in maintaining pregnancy is played by the hormone progesterone, not without reason it is called the hormone of pregnancy. This substance is secreted in the body of a woman throughout the entire period of bearing a child: up to 10-12 weeks it is synthesized in the ovaries by the corpus luteum, and subsequently by the placenta. Progesterone helps to relax all smooth muscles, so not only the uterus, but also the intestines are in a relaxed state in the body of the expectant mother (in this regard, constipation often occurs during pregnancy), and urinary tract, and other organs. If progesterone is not produced enough, the inhibition of the contractile activity of the uterus does not occur at the proper level, and it is reduced. For example, the level of progesterone decreases physiologically towards the end of pregnancy, as a result of which labor begins, but in the early stages, progesterone deficiency can lead to miscarriage.

Thus, any external or internal influences that disrupt the central regulatory mechanism can provoke hypertonicity. muscle tone uterus:

Chronic.
Conflicts in the family, at work.
High body temperature (respectively, all diseases in which patients develop fever).

In addition, uterine tone can occur when pathological conditions accompanied by insufficient synthesis of progesterone. These include:

Hyperandrogenism ( increased concentration male hormones in the body).
Hyperprolactinemia (increased levels of prolactin in the blood).
Genital infantilism (underdevelopment of the genital organs and hypofunction of the ovaries).
Inflammatory diseases of the uterine appendages (these diseases almost always lead to dysfunction corpus luteum pregnancy).

Also, an important role in the development of uterine hypertonicity is played by diseases and conditions that affect the structure of its wall:

Inflammation of the uterus.
Postoperative scars.

Gynecologists identify a number of risk factors for uterine hypertonicity:

Background diseases (which develop during pregnancy): endocrine disorders, influenza and acute respiratory infections, acute illnesses internal organs.
History of hormonal infertility.
Numerous abortions in history.
The woman's age is under 18 or over 35 years old.
Bad habits.
Harmful factors of production. heavy physical labor or work in a forced position, frequent business trips, contact of a pregnant woman with chemicals- all this can become an impetus for the occurrence of uterine hypertonicity.
Unfavorable family atmosphere.
Chronic.

Pregnant women, depending on the period of bearing the baby, characterize their feelings when uterine hypertonicity appears in different ways:

in the first trimester, most often it is a pulling or squeezing pain in lower sections abdomen and discomfort in the lower back (as with menstruation);
in the second and third trimesters - a feeling of short-term, but strong tension or hardening of the abdomen.

In addition, when the uterus is in good shape, detachment of the chorion or placenta in a small area may occur, which is manifested by spotting or bleeding.

Some pregnant women do not even suspect that their uterus is in good shape (they simply do not notice the symptoms that arise), but they find out about it during the next visit to the gynecologist or doctor ultrasound diagnostics. Indeed, during the examination of the patient (palpation of the abdomen), the doctor can clearly feel with his hands that the uterus is contracted.

Even more information about the tone of the uterus can be obtained using. However, according to some doctors, the contraction of the walls of the uterus during ultrasound often associated with a mechanical effect on the organ (especially if a woman is examined with a vaginal probe). Therefore, the diagnosis of "Hypertonus" is made, taking into account the results of all examinations and based on the presence of specific symptoms in a woman (severe abdominal pain, bleeding, etc.).

Consequences of uterine tone

Prolonged and frequent contractions of the uterus can lead to the development of the following complications:

detachment of the chorion (in the later stages of the placenta);
miscarriage;
premature birth;
violations of uteroplacental blood flow and as a result of hypoxia ( oxygen starvation) and hypotrophy (stunting) of the fetus.

What to do if the uterus is in good shape?

About any unpleasant sensations in her body, a pregnant woman should inform the gynecologist about next appointment. If there is severe pain, tension in the abdomen and / or bloody discharge from the vagina, you should visit the doctor unscheduled and preferably immediately. After the examination, the specialist will make appointments, and if necessary, give a referral for hospitalization, since uterine hypertonicity is considered as a sign of a threatened abortion.

Important:any medications expectant mothers should be prescribed only by a doctor.

Injecting yourself with No-shpu or Papaverine with increased uterine tone (as various forums for moms recommend), instead of going to an obstetrician-gynecologist, is a big mistake that can cost the life of an unborn child. These medicines, of course, are not contraindicated for pregnant women, they are widely used in the treatment of patients with increased uterine tone, but only after examination and an accurate diagnosis.

In addition to No-shpa and Papaverine, the following drugs are used in the treatment of hypertension:

But what exactly is not forbidden to do on their own for pregnant women with uterine tone is to rest (preferably lying down), take sedatives herbal teas(for example, mint), valerian, motherwort tincture. In addition, it does not hurt to learn how to stop your frantic pace of life in time and relax, shift household chores to loved ones, get enough sleep and not be nervous over trifles.

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How to remove the increased tone of the uterus during pregnancy. Causes and symptoms in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester. Sensations of pregnant women with tone. What to do and how to treat at home (mom reviews).

FROM medical point vision uterus - hollow internal organ. It consists of two mucous membranes (external and internal) and a muscular "layer". AT normal condition the uterus is relaxed (the so-called normal uterine tone).

During pregnancy, the muscles of the uterus contract, in medicine this phenomenon is called tone. Muscles can contract due to laughing, coughing, sneezing, they can be affected psychological condition women.

A slight tension in the muscles of the uterus is considered normal if it is short-term and does not cause any inconvenience to the expectant mother.

Prolonged and painful contraction of the muscles of the uterus is called hypertonicity. This condition threatens the fetus and pregnancy. In the 1-2 trimester, the tone can cause a miscarriage, at a later date (3 trimester) it can provoke premature birth.

Reasons for the appearance

Prolonged, painful tension in the muscles of the uterus (hypertonicity) occurs from:

nervous overload, stress;
unhealthy lifestyle bad habits);
muscle strain during significant physical exertion;
improper production of hormones initial stage pregnancy (the body does not produce enough progesterone, which relaxes the muscles);
structural and inflammatory changes in the body (myoma, endometriosis);
significant stretching of the muscles of the uterus (the uterus can stretch from a large fetus, multiple pregnancy, polyhydramnios);
diseases transferred by the mother (tonsillitis, pyelonephritis, influenza);
previous abortions;
severe toxicosis;
Rh - conflict between mother and child (the body of a Rh - negative mother can reject a Rh - positive child as a foreign body, resulting in an increased tone).

Feelings in the first trimester

The tone of the uterus at the beginning of pregnancy can lead to the death of the embryo and miscarriage. The danger of hypertonicity in a short time is that it is almost impossible to “feel” it on your own (the uterus is still small in size).

Strong and prolonged pain in the lower abdomen should alert (pain is stronger than that which happens during menstruation).

A pregnant woman needs to visit a doctor in order to find out exactly the cause of the pain, since there are often cases when this “manifests itself” ectopic pregnancy. In addition to frequent and prolonged pain in the lower abdomen, you should also consult a doctor when blood secretions from the vagina, the sudden disappearance of signs of pregnancy (the breast stopped swelling, the basal temperature decreased).

Tone in the second trimester

In the 2nd trimester, a small tummy appears, but increased uterine tone still poses a danger to pregnancy. The tension of the muscles of the uterus negatively affects the development of the child. The kid doesn't get enough nutrients(tense muscles can "block" the blood vessels, provoking the development of hypoxia). In especially severe cases, this leads to a fading pregnancy or miscarriage.

It is rather difficult for most women to determine uterine tone even in the second trimester, since again the main sign of “malfunctions” is the characteristic pain in the lower abdomen, while the uterus “hardens”, shrinks (at the end of the second trimester, the expectant mother can already visually notice signs of tone when the uterus tenses, shrinks).

Tonus in the third trimester symptoms

The tone of the uterus in the third trimester is most often periodic. The uterus may contract and relax after a few seconds. This situation is considered quite normal, since the woman’s body is preparing for childbirth, such “changes” are called training contractions.

However, not all cramping pains of the third trimester should be attributed to training contractions. You can do a simple test. You need to take paper and a stopwatch and detect the frequency of pain. If the stomach tenses up every 5-10 minutes, this is a “training” of the body before childbirth (the test is informative after 30 weeks).

With severe and prolonged pain that does not go away for a long time, you should consult a doctor. Uterine hypertonicity in the third trimester is fraught with premature birth. The child may not yet be ready for birth (28-30 weeks), then the baby will need long-term rehabilitation and nursing.

What to do, how to treat

The answer is simple - see a doctor. Moreover, it is best to do this at the first suspicion of increased tone. The specialist will determine the severity of the tone, possible risks.

If there is no threat of termination of pregnancy, treatment is possible at home. A woman is prescribed bed rest, prescribed drugs that relieve spasm (no-shpa, papaverine), drugs containing magnesium and sedatives(sedatives).

AT difficult cases The mother-to-be needs hospitalization. In the hospital, constant monitoring of doctors is provided, there are fewer “temptations” to violate the regime ( complete absence physical activity, while at home it can be problematic to provide peace).

Toning exercises

You can get rid of the increased tone of the uterus at home, but this does not mean that you need to forget about the medications prescribed by your doctor. You can use relaxation exercises.

In the state of pregnancy, women often hear the diagnosis "uterus in good shape." A phrase that is common in auditory perception can become threatening and lead to irreversible consequences. You should carefully consider the medical verdict and ask the gynecologist important question: what does this phenomenon mean and whether it is necessary to fight it.

What is uterine tone during pregnancy

The uterus is a hollow muscle, contracting is its natural state. The organ consists of layers:

external - perimetry;
middle (muscular) - myometrium;
internal - endometrium.

When sneezing, coughing, medical gynecological examination or ultrasound, the uterus contracts - it comes into tone for a short time. Prolonged contraction of the muscle layer is called "hypertonicity". it dangerous state for pregnancy. It is necessary to recognize the symptoms in time and eliminate the causes.

Symptoms

The growing fetus stretches the tissues, during this period the muscles relax. You can determine the tone of the uterus by a number of symptoms and during an instrumental examination by a doctor. At each stage of gestation, contractions appear with varying degrees intensity, have their own characteristics, consequences. Contractions can be local (tonus along the posterior wall of the uterus) or general. To understand that the uterus is in good shape, a woman can inner feelings and some outward signs.

In the early stages

At this stage, cases of tone are observed frequently. Main features:

Aching pains lower abdomen.
Pulling sensations.
Cramps like contractions, or like menstruation.
Discomfort, pain in the lumbar region.

Sometimes the increased tone does not manifest itself, so doctors recommend undergoing an ultrasound scan. This procedure accurately determines the condition of the muscles.

Signs of uterine tone in the second trimester

At this stage (from 8 to 16 weeks), cases of hypertonicity are detected much less frequently. They are no less dangerous than in the first and third trimester of fetal formation. You should immediately consult a gynecologist, feeling the appearance of:

Pain in the lower abdomen.
Tactile sensations"fossils" of the entire abdomen.
Bloody secretions.

The diagnosis is confirmed medical examination. If the uterus is in good shape during pregnancy in the second trimester, this threatens wrong development fetus or premature birth.

In the 3rd trimester

The most responsible and difficult stage. The body prepares for childbirth, muscle contractions become more frequent. It is difficult to independently determine what it is: a manifestation of habitual spasms or tone. Only a doctor can diagnose a deviation from the norm. If, upon examination at the 32nd week, the uterus is open, and the ECG of the child inside the womb is unstable, the specialist will immediately understand the presence of an increased tone. To prevent the risk of miscarriage, visits to your gynecologist should be frequent. In all cases, when spotting need to call a doctor immediately.

The reasons

Can cause a state of increased tone the following reasons:

overwork / slight malaise;
stress / depression;
physical pathologies (underdevelopment of the reproductive organ);
lack of the hormone progesterone;
Rh-conflict of systems for providing mother and child;
severe toxicosis with vomiting;
infectious diseases;
age features woman's body
chronic or acquired diseases;
general mental attitude;
physical state women;
loads;
in special occasions- sex with uterine tone.

When the uterus is in good shape, what does this mean for a woman who is looking forward to the appearance of a child? Clinical Consequences, the dangers for the woman in labor and the baby can be described by an experienced specialist. Wrong image the life and behavior of a pregnant woman can leave an indelible mark.

What is dangerous increased uterine tone

Increased tone negatively affects the child and mother. During the period of bearing a child, hypertonicity means the risk of abortion: in the early stages of miscarriage, in the later stages - premature birth. In the second trimester, prolonged muscle contraction leads to a deterioration in blood circulation with the placenta, insufficient oxygen is supplied to the fetus, which causes hypoxia. Placental abruption occurs as a result of the fact that it does not contract with the myometric layer.

Treat with medication when the uterus is in hypertonicity, what does this mean? The condition involves a mandatory visit to a doctor who will correctly diagnose, prescribe necessary drugs. On the initial stages it can be antispasmodics: "No-shpa", "Papaverine", motherwort, valerian. For prevention, pregnant women are prescribed vitamins A and E, prescribe easy respiratory gymnastics, more walks in the fresh air.

How to remove the tone of the uterus at home

You can remove the tone of the uterus by resorting to simple methods.