Cellulitis (gynoid lipodystrophy) or "orange peel". Why does cellulite appear?

After the paparazzi managed to take pictures of Kim Kardashian on the beach, where the Instagram diva and, let's be objective, one of the most influential media people of our time, clearly sees cellulite, this problem (or rather, the way to solve it) was again at the peak of popularity. Let's not believe the rumors that Kanye West promised to leave Kim if she does not get in shape, but rather let's talk about what cellulite is and how to deal with it.

What is cellulite

According to Medical News Today, cellulitis, also known as " Orange peel"is a condition in which the skin becomes dimpled and looks patchy. It occurs when body fat"suck" the connective tissue under the skin. As a result, the surface of the thigh becomes uneven, which spoils not only your appearance but also the mood (especially on the beach).

Despite the fact that cellulite is spoken of as an atypical condition, it is completely harmless and very common. According to statistics, 80-90% of women experience cellulite during their lifetime, regardless of theirs.

Why does cellulite occur?

In fact, each of us can detect cellulite on our body. But experts note that it is still more common in women, because in the female body, unlike the male body, adipose tissue is distributed throughout the body. As for the location, the most attractive areas for the "orange peel" are the hips, sides and buttocks. Going back to gender differences, women have more fat in these areas due to their physiology.

Cellulite is also associated with age, because the older we get, the faster our skin loses elasticity. Thus, cellulite is more likely to appear after the age of 25. Age-related hormonal changes also play a role here: first of all, a decrease. Among other risk factors are a sharp increase / decrease in weight, pregnancy, the maximum amount of fat, salt and carbohydrates in the diet, a lack of fiber in the diet.

But most researchers believe that our predisposition to cellulite is due to genes. According to MNT, this is because it is genetic factors that influence metabolic function, the distribution of fat under the skin and blood circulation.

How to get rid of cellulite

Can't get rid of cellulite or at least, do it quickly, but you can even out the skin and thus make the problem less obvious. First of all, you need to exercise regularly, and be sure to include stretching exercises in your fitness diet. It will not be superfluous massotherapy: It will help fast muscle recovery after exercise and speed up blood circulation.

Secondly, after consultation with a beautician, you can go for mesotherapy or ozone therapy. In both cases, either an active substance (the first option) or an oxygen-saturated gas (the second option) is injected under the skin using the thinnest needle. This type of treatment works best in the early stages, but if you are determined to see a specialist, the doctor will select the optimal therapy.

However, it is not necessary to make significant financial investments. Women's Health reports that local application can improve the texture of the skin by drawing moisture out of it and, again, accelerating blood circulation. And, of course, do not forget about nutrition, and which will be a pleasant addition.

I know from what word practical EVERY woman is horrified! From the word "cellulite"☺

It happens that when you find this very “orange peel” on your body, many begin REAL horror ...

Very often, we begin to have complexes, urgently review our wardrobe, frantically buy half a store of all kinds of cellulite products, and urgently sign up for anti-cellulite massage and gym at the same time, and at the same time we also begin to “starve” ourselves.

Oh, yes, even with all this, thoughts haunt us ... A swarm of questions in my head: how did it appear? Why? From what? What to do now? Yes, what is it for me? Etc…

Do you have something like this? But - all this is solvable, you just need to know HOW to solve it.

We will deal with this issue with you - we will analyze in more detail what cellulite is, the causes of cellulite, why cellulite occurs, the stages of its development and the main signs.

From this article you will learn:

The main causes of cellulite - why does orange peel occur?

What is cellulite?

This is the same “painfully familiar” skin condition for many women on the buttocks, abdomen, and even on the arms, shoulders, and sometimes even on the face (yes, there is such a problem!), When our skin becomes very uneven .

And we notice “bumps” and “hollows” on it.

It is for this reason that cellulite is called "orange peel"!

If to speak plain language, then cellulite is a place of accumulation of metabolic products of the body's vital activity, which our body simply could not do on time and the normal way remove from the cells (slags and toxins), since something is broken in us, something suffers and does not work correctly.

The reason for everything - general violation metabolism in the body. First of all, water fat metabolism substances.

CELLULITE IS THE LITTLE PAPER OF OUR BODY!

But WHY it appeared (actually, the very causes of cellulite) - we will analyze below.

Since in the female body there is initially more fat mass than in the male body, then, of course, women are mainly prone to cellulite.

Although, this problem has not bypassed men either.

It is interesting that only in the recent 1973, cellulite was for the FIRST TIME called precisely an appearance DEFECT!

It happened on the pages of Vogue magazine, where at that time an article about cellulite by one of the owners of a beauty salon appeared.

The most interesting thing is that until 1973, cellulite was considered a completely NORMAL phenomenon for the female body!

In fact, cellulite "existed" always, but it was not considered a disadvantage of the female body.

Look at the paintings of the ancient masters, where they portrayed the naked beauties of our time.

Everyone has cellulite. And it is visible very clearly.

The artist did not even hide it when he painted the picture! Because it didn’t even occur to him or his models that there was a problem and some kind of “enemy number one” ...

On the contrary, in those days, cellulite "dimples-tubercles" were considered a necessary "attribute" female beauty! No wonder the artists carefully "draw" these features on their canvases!

And now we are furiously, just "not for life, but for death" are fighting with this "dents"☺

cellulite from a medical point of view

Professionals, of course, do not use the term "cellulite".

Doctors have their own name for this disease. And not even one.

Fatty lipodystrophy, liposclerosis, edematofibrosclerotic panniculitis, nodular liposclerosis, edematous fibrous panniculopathy, panniculosis…

When viewed from medical point vision, then cellulite is such structural changes in the subcutaneous fat layer of the body, which lead to a serious disruption of blood circulation in these places. And also lead to a violation of the movement of lymph (lymphatic outflow).

There is no consensus on cellulite in the medical world.

Many doctors are of the opinion that cellulite is a DISEASE, and not just some kind of “cosmetic-aesthetic defect”.

Other experts do not believe that cellulite is a disease at all, but consider it simply an indispensable “component” of the subcutaneous fat layer on the body. adult woman.

The main signs of cellulite - how to determine whether there is cellulite or not?

• How to determine the presence of cellulite?

In order to determine if you have cellulite, do this simple test: grab and squeeze the skin on your thigh with both hands.

If you saw what is popularly called "orange peel", and cellulite is very similar to it in appearance, then yes, this is the very first sign of cellulite ...

If you, even without squeezing the skin, just visually see all sorts of irregularities, “dimples-bumps” on your hips or buttocks, then you have this problem, and at a stage that needs to be addressed ASAP!

Stages of development of cellulite

To date, experts distinguish 4 stages of cellulite development:

• 1st stage. Pre-cellulite stage (initial) of cellulite development.

And it begins with the fact that in the tissues, or rather, in the capillaries, the blood flow slows down, which increases the permeability of the capillary walls, disrupts venous return blood, disturbed and the circulation of fluid in lymphatic system organism.

There are no obvious (visible) signs at this stage of cellulite development.

But a symptom that something is ALREADY wrong can be the appearance of bruises from mild, minor blows, as well as insignificant, but still swelling of body tissues, as well as heaviness in the legs.

I want to note that both swelling and fragility of the capillaries (), and heaviness in the legs can be symptoms of other disorders in the body, much more serious than cellulite ...

Therefore, be vigilant, girls, and watch your health, because it is the basis of our beauty, youth and well-being!

• 2nd stage. The initial stage of cellulite development.

Gradually, swelling begins to appear more and more. More and more water and toxins accumulate in the subcutaneous fat layer.

The supply of oxygen to the cells is getting worse and worse.

Changes become visible only when the skin is pinched into a fold or with strong muscle tension, and they appear in the form of an “orange peel” effect.

You can also note at this stage the pallor of the skin, a significant decrease in skin elasticity in places affected by the problem.

• 3rd stage. Micronodular stage of cellulite development.

At this stage, fat cells seem to "stick together" into "clusters". The once elastic partitions in the subcutaneous fat become quite rough, very similar to scars.

Puffiness and general disturbance of microcirculation increases (progresses). Outwardly, a clearly visible “orange peel” effect can be observed already without any special tests.

The skin may develop a "small-nodular" appearance. You can clearly feel small and medium-sized "nodules" under the skin with your fingers.

Tissue edema is already quite noticeable, as well as capillary "asterisks" on the skin. If you press deeply on the skin, then there is a noticeable soreness.

• 4th stage. Macronodular stage of cellulitis.

In the tissues of the body, stagnation of the lymph is already quite clearly expressed, significant edema, and the venous outflow of blood is already very strongly disturbed.

Insufficient supply of oxygen to the tissues contributes to even greater formation of scars in the tissues and increased swelling.

Externally, the "knots" on the skin are clearly visible. It is quite large, very painful, as if "soldered" to the skin.

These large "nodules" can be easily felt with your fingers, all depressions and areas with obvious hardening are easily felt. A very pronounced swelling of body tissues, severe pain when pressing fingers on the affected area.

If you measure the local temperature, then in the affected areas it is clearly elevated (that is, there is inflammation).

What is the most common stage of cellulite?

The fourth stage is the rarest. The most common stages of cellulite are the second and third.

The fourth stage is treated very difficult, perhaps even surgery.

And for the second and third stages of cellulite, it is enough to make regular own efforts to eliminate the problem.

Causes of cellulite in women

First, you need to know that the first (initial) stage of cellulite is in almost every woman who is over twenty years old.

Often cellulite can be observed even in girls in adolescence, at the time of puberty.

All modern research on this issue they say one truth - the appearance of cellulite is more dependent on the lifestyle that we lead, and not on heredity or other reasons.

The causes of cellulite, which medical experts consider to be the main ones in the occurrence of this unpleasant phenomenon:

1. Hormonal disorders (diseases) and hormonal changes (pregnancy, puberty).
2. Especially - diseases of the thyroid gland and pancreas, disorders in the functioning of the ovaries.
3. Circulatory disorders, problems with "thick" blood, varicose veins, disorders in the lymphatic system.
4. Bad ecology.
5. Unhealthy eating, overeating, eating at the wrong time.
6. Underuse clean water during the day.
7. Frequent stress.
8. Lack of sleep.
9. Sedentary lifestyle and "sedentary" work.
10. Sharp fluctuations in weight (sudden weight gain and sudden weight loss).
11. A large number of medications taken.
12. Smoking, alcohol.
13. hereditary factor.

Please note that hereditary factor Doctors put on LAST place!

I draw your attention to this, because I often hear from girls that, they say, “my mother is like that, and my grandmother, so I have this hereditary” ... In other words - “what can you do ...” ...

Heredity is in last place. So this is absolutely NOT a reason to give up, my good ones! They SHOULD NOT be lowered, because EVERYTHING is in OUR HANDS!!!

And now let's take a closer look at all these causes of cellulite, because of which it appears.

Why cellulite appears - the main reasons

Causes of cellulite appearance:

• Hormonal disorders in the body

The process of accumulation of fat in the body of a healthy person is a NORMAL process. That's the way it should be.

In a healthy person, fat MUST be present on the body!

The question is that the accumulation of fat was in quantitative terms within the limits of a healthy norm. And the "norm" - it is different for everyone ...

How can we understand that something “wrong” is happening with our body?

Such signs (changes in the functioning of the body that were not there before) as an irregular monthly cycle, gynecological problems, especially if they appeared after you started taking birth control pills, should definitely alert you.

This is a very "insidious" invention (contraceptive pills). They are easy to use, they are effective, yes.

But the craze for these "miracle pills", which has gained wide popularity around the world, eventually leads to the fact that the level of hormones in a woman's body becomes much higher than normal, healthy levels.

And this, unfortunately, is fraught with at least a violation general exchange substances in the body, the accumulation of toxins that begin to accumulate faster than they are excreted, at least ...

• unhealthy, not balanced diet. Food is not on time.

really helpful and right food for our body is the food that will bring us the maximum vitality, maximum energy.

And the one that is already “in excess” - you already have to pay for it with your health, your appearance (which, of course, will NOT please us over time, but only upset), pay and good health and good mood...

What food causes cellulite:

1. Cellulite is caused by all NOT healthy - fatty, fried, "excessive meat and milk", "excessive flour" ... fatty meat, various store-bought sauces and any sausage, sausages, sausages. Canned food, absolutely any smoked meats. Fried potatoes, especially french fries, pies, pasties, etc... All fast food, including chips, crackers, snacks, " quick breakfasts", cereals and instant mashed potatoes (when stirred - and it's ready) All store-bought pickles, all marinades, fish caviar, bouillon cubes ... And also White bread, candies, chocolates, all muffins, cookies, cakes, ice cream...
2. Cellulite will occur if you drink inappropriate amounts of tea and coffee, as well as carbonated sugary drinks ...
3. If you do not make sure that the diet was enough fresh (raw) vegetables and herbs (which give us the best coarse fiber necessary for the normal functioning of the intestines and the timely removal of toxins from the body).
4. If we eat little fresh fruits and berries ...
5. Food at the wrong time (after 17-18 pm) will interfere normal operation, which means that it will be overloaded with "over-work", and the functions that it should perform will no longer be performed normally! How will it end? Well, cellulite is...

• Insufficient water intake

Clean and fresh water we are vitally needed in order to remove decay products (toxins) from the body that accumulate in our tissues during the life of the body.

And yet, if we want to drink, we drink coffee, compotes, juices ... It’s good if it’s fresh juices, otherwise, as a rule, these are store-bought! ..

We drink anything but clean fresh water...

Water, if present in our diet, is quite a small amount.

What happens as a result to our appearance?

The skin becomes dry, flabby, elasticity disappears “somewhere suddenly” ... And cellulite? And cellulite, on the contrary, “suddenly from somewhere” appears ...

• Bad habits: smoking, alcohol.

It would seem, where does cellulite? And in fact, very much even "moreover"!

The connection here is the most direct. There are just a lot of scientific studies that prove that every cigarette smoked and even a very small amount of alcohol drunk increases the likelihood of cellulite many, many times!!!

And if cellulite ALREADY exists, then alcohol and cigarettes only worsen the whole situation, provoking cellulite to progress and progress ...

Alcohol, even in its "light version" - beer, necks, unfortified wine, champagne - retain fluid in the body, contribute to the accumulation of toxins in tissues.

Smoking greatly impairs the supply of oxygen to cells, and this leads to the so-called "oxygen starvation".

• Hypodynamia

This is a lack of active movement, the absence (or insufficient amount) of physical exercises, a sedentary lifestyle, "sedentary" work, etc...

Physical activity is the most The best way normalize your metabolism, speed it up, "disperse" the blood throughout the body, thereby contributing to the active enrichment of blood with oxygen and the burning of unnecessary toxins.

And also the most effective way to reduce the amount of cellulite and fat on the body, without losing muscle tone and skin elasticity!

Active sports, especially in the fresh air, are wonderful both for the prevention of cellulite and very effective method fight him!!!

What do we usually prefer?

Sit! Sit with your eyes on a computer monitor. In transport, we also strive to quickly sit down on the vacant seat. Talking on the phone, we look for a bench, a chair, a sofa to sit down with our eyes ...

How does a woman usually sit? Yes, by throwing one leg over the other, thereby simply disrupting blood circulation in the legs in a real “deadly” way! And when one leg “goes numb”, then we change legs and begin to “mock” the other ...

What is the result? At least cellulite.

• Diseases of the body

Very often, the occurrence and progressive growth of body fat provoke the presence of diseases we have.

From arthritis and scoliosis to constipation and kidney problems... Any number of medical conditions can catalyze cellulite growth.

Because any disease of the body is in itself a metabolic disorder in the body. And on this very “soil” such “side effects” arise as cellulite and a number of other disorders and health problems.

• Wrong daily routine

We ALWAYS go to bed after midnight, eat at night, sleep little and poorly (well, how else can you sleep with a full stomach?). We start and end our day differently than Nature intended…

As a result, our body, tired and exhausted, can no longer perform normally all the “recovery work”, the main part of which, by the way, it performs at night!

What is the RIGHT routine? This is going to bed at 21-22 hours, getting up no later than six in the morning.

Start your morning with a couple of glasses of clean water and exercise-jogging.

This is food on time, which means that the last meal, which must be very, very light, ideally - vegetables, 4-7 hours BEFORE bedtime.

You need to sleep enough hours. If you go to bed early right time, then the body itself will control how much it needs for a full recovery.

The time from 10 pm to midnight is the most important time for our body, for our health, for our Beauty! And for the absence of cellulite, of course, too ...

If we do not adhere to a reasonable and healthy daily routine, then our WHOLE body suffers.

First of all, the digestive system begins to suffer and hormonal system, bad violations begin to occur.

• Fluctuations in body weight to one side and the other

This refers to rapid weight gain and rapid weight loss. This moment is very bad for the skin and the muscles of our body.

And also it just on the spot “cuts” our hormonal system.

In this case, cellulite is simply guaranteed ... Therefore, you need to know that it is NOT very safe to lose weight quickly and recover quickly.

• Taking medication

Here we are talking about uncontrolled intake, and about a too significant number of all sorts of different "pills".

When we have some kind of “pill” for all occasions.

One - "from the head", the other - "from pressure", the third - "from motion sickness", the fourth - from the fact that "the stomach does not prick" and so on ...

This is bad. And this should not be!

I understand that often there is simply a real need to take medication. Everything happens in life, both illnesses and injuries.

But if possible, you need to reduce the use of drugs from the pharmacy, replacing them with more natural ones, looking for alternative methods of treatment for yourself, methods offered by traditional medicine, etc.

Because our body suffers very much from ANY drug "violence", not even very significant.

Every drug has its own side effects. And this means that there is no 100% security for our

Taking pharmaceutical pills, etc. disrupts many processes in the body - from the process of digestion, blood circulation and to the removal of toxins from the cells of the body.

All systems start to work simply for wear and tear. Cellulite appears as a logical consequence of all this.

• Bad ecology

You may ask: “Where is she good?”. And you will be right. Yes, now the ecological situation in the world is not encouraging, that’s for sure…

In addition to the GENERAL situation, there are a lot of specific places where the environment simply “goes off scale” with its harmfulness.

Our body simply “slips”, conscientiously trying to remove from the body everything that enters it from the air, etc. toxins...

And this is a very strong provoking factor for the appearance of cellulite on the body.

• high heel shoes

It is beautiful, as well as fashionable, stylish, spectacular, elegant.

Every woman wants to “carry herself” proudly, and for this, so that the gait itself is, as they say, “from the hip” and for men to turn around, we often wear high-heeled shoes.

And this, to put it mildly, is not physiological. Very softly said...

When the foot is in such an unnatural position, EVERYTHING is disturbed: blood circulation is disturbed, lymph outflow is disturbed, there is a load on the spine, on the forefoot, fingers ...

This is fraught not just with fatigue and heaviness in the legs, it threatens with cellulite - at least, but with varicose veins and problems with the spine (especially the lower back) - as a maximum ...

• Wearing clothes that are too tight and tight

In the trends of modern fashion, there is a lot of everything “elastic-slimming”: jeans, trousers, leggings, leggings, tights with a “tightening” effect, elastic waistbands, bodysuits, shorts…

We really want to look slimmer, and we wear all this “tight beauty”, endure some inconvenience for the sake of it, this very Beauty, often not even realizing what harm we are doing to our health!…

To all this, tight clothing contributes to the development and rapid progression of cellulite deposits!

• Wrong breathing

How do we normally breathe? Our breathing is short, very fast, confused, right?

Well, how else can you breathe, existing in a constant rush, in fuss, in stress, "force majeure" and "time troubles", right?

What does such wrong, too shallow breathing lead to? To the fact that our blood is not sufficiently supplied with oxygen, the detoxification functions of the body are not performed in a timely manner and in full, and so on…

You need to learn how to breathe correctly. Well, what about stress, you ask? You can't get them anywhere!

Yes, that's right ... Then the way out is this: to master breathing techniques at least one or two. And do them regularly. Little by little. According to the "tea spoon". But the effect will ALREADY be unambiguous!

• stress

Where can we go without them ... It's just some kind of "inevitable companion" of modern man ...

A lot of negative emotions that we experience during the day, constant nervous tension, irritability, aggressiveness.

Frequent tearfulness, tantrums, nervous breakdowns ...

The same "force majeure" and "time troubles" just finish us off ...

Not only our psyche suffers from all this, our physical body begins to suffer! Illnesses, illnesses begin ...

From such a rhythm of life and such a level of stress, not only cellulite will appear, honestly ...

• Heredity (genetic predisposition)

And yet, the information that heredity is almost the most important factor provoking the development and progression of cellulite is already outdated.

All modern scientific studies unanimously assert that the presence or absence of cellulite is primarily affected by the lifestyle we lead!

This is the mode of life we ​​have:

• what time do we go to bed
• what time do we get up.
• how we eat.
• are we moving enough
• whether we exercise.
• Are we drinking enough clean water?
• can we relax and unwind.
• do we have bad habits and diseases. Etc…

All this together determines how likely it is to develop cellulite on our body!

• The psychological factor in the development of cellulite

You know, this factor is Oochen important point, which is worth paying your full attention to!

Unfortunately, this is rarely mentioned as the strongest factor provoking the development of cellulite...

All the factors that we talked about above are factors PHYSICAL LAYER. That which directly touches our body and influences it, so to speak, by “material methods”

But there is also a level of our thoughts and emotions, our feelings. The psychological level, let's call it that.

Those who are interested in questions of psychology are engaged in esotericism, those who understand what psychosomatics is, they know how strongly all our thoughts, feelings, emotions affect our physical body ...

In fact, all the problems of our physical body have roots there - in the sphere of our feelings and thoughts.

Quite a long time ago, and far from me, it was proved that problems must be solved immediately “from two moves”: work with physical manifestations (diseases) and work with your feelings and thoughts, since the reason can be exactly THERE.

As far as cellulite is concerned, it is accumulation, right? The accumulation in oneself of all that is no longer needed, that which is superfluous, that which does not bring benefit, but only harm.

Looking from a psychological point of view, cellulite is:

1. These are our accumulated and unforgiven grievances against someone (or even against ourselves!), some disappointments, unfulfilled expectations, unfulfilled desires and dreams ...
2. These are thoughts of regret about what was done or NOT done once ...
3. This is a feeling of fear that something will NOT work out, something will NOT turn out the way we want ...
4. This is not acceptance of Life itself as it is, resistance to it…
5. This is not accepting yourself, your Body. These are constant “nitpicking” of oneself and too high demands on oneself and others, respectively…

Exists on this moment there are even a lot of scientific studies on this issue, and there are results of these studies that any psychologist will tell you about. Esoteric - especially

Girls, everyone has it, therefore, after reading all of the above, you don’t need to grab your head and think about what kind of “not like that” I am ... No! Absolutely not!

The question is not to try to get rid of those negatives that happen to us, suppressing them in ourselves (as a result - cellulite), but to try to live them correctly, let go in time (the same grievances) and learn to accept yourself and Life in general.

If we work out everything in time and live correctly, without accumulating an exorbitant “burden” of insults and disappointments in ourselves, without carrying negativity in our hearts, then the body will be much healthier, and the body will become much more beautiful (by the way, this is also proven a hundred years ago). just like a fact!)

And then everything will be very good!

• cellulite in men

Here is something, but men are not familiar with cellulite. That is, even a man of large build and overweight will not find on his body the manifestation of "orange peel".

And even a big belly with subcutaneous fat on it in men cannot be called cellulite ...

It turns out that it's all about hormones and collagen fibers, the structure of which in men differs from the structure of collagen fibers in us women ...

Therefore, during the distribution of fat, it does not accumulate in the cavities, they simply do not exist in men, the fat is distributed evenly.

Something similar to cellulite is on the body of those men who have hormonal disorders, when there is hypersecretion of estrogens, which provoke changes in microcirculation in the subcutaneous fat.

Men with a lean physique, unlike women with a lean physique, do not have cellulite manifestations on the body at all.

Well, friends, today we talked about what cellulite is, how to recognize it in ourselves and what are the reasons for its appearance.

In the next article, we will analyze what you can do with all this. Namely - HOW TO FIGHT CELLULITE.

I will talk about what you can do on your own, and how specialists can help us with this.

If you liked the article and the information was useful, then share it with your friends on social networks. networks!

See you all soon, bye bye!

Many adult women and very young girls know that cellulite is tubercles covering the body, with which many are ashamed to appear on the beach. Most often it is located on the hips and buttocks, arms, less often on the stomach. Experts designate cellulite not only as a cosmetic defect of the skin, but also as certain health problems. And yet cellulite, what is it? This is a state of the body in which there is a violation of microcirculation in the subcutaneous fat layer, which ultimately leads to the formation of defects visible to the eye. To get rid of this problem, it is necessary to connect a whole range of wellness procedures that affect the internal state of the body and give a visual effect on the skin.

What does it come from

The normal state of the fat cell is characterized by the constant synthesis and destruction of fat. When there is a violation of the processes inside the body, more fat begins to be synthesized than can be broken down. The cell grows, compresses the vessels, the skin becomes covered with tubercles, the venous outflow worsens.

Cellulite is a problem female body and due to estrogen female hormones. They are able to clog blood vessels in the subcutaneous fat layer, which leads to blockage of blood vessels and complication of microcirculation. Added to this is a lack of oxygen and nutrients, which further worsens the chemical processes between fat cells.

If problems with metabolic processes in the body are joined not proper nutrition, then fat cells begin to be actively filled with fat and toxins, but blood hormones that can break down fats do not have access to these cells. There is a constant absorption of fat, cell growth, squeezing of blood vessels and a violation of the skin that is noticeable to the eye.

Remember! Cellulite does not form just like that and abruptly. This is a process of long-term negative changes in the body and the accumulation of toxins and toxins in it.

"Orange peel" is not obesity, because bumps on the skin are also found in very slender girls.

What factors contribute to the appearance of cellulite:

• hereditary factor, age-related changes;
• hormonal disorders, problems with the liver, gastrointestinal tract, spine;
• flaw motor activity, leading to a slowdown in blood circulation, it is also caused by wearing heels and too tight clothes, belts, sitting cross-legged;
• overweight, unsuitable diet, malnutrition: a large amount of fat in the diet that the digestive system cannot cope with, too many toxins accumulate in the body;
• frequent stress;
• smoking, drinking alcohol;
• lack of fluids, drinking tea or coffee instead of enough water.

That is, cellulite is basically a problem caused by non-compliance healthy lifestyle life. Lack of sports, malnutrition, constant stress at work and at school, in the end, affects the appearance and internal state organism.

Important! Cellulite often begins to appear during pregnancy due to hormonal changes inside the body. The body starts to active reserves fat, putting it in the hips, stomach.

How to determine if there is cellulite

The detection of "orange peel" in girls at the age of 20 and even earlier is not such a rare occurrence. There is a division of cellulite into 4 stages, which can be determined visually by squeezing the skin of the thigh in your hand. At a significant stage of development, skin irregularities are visible to the naked eye.

First stage. There are no significant changes in the structure of the skin on it, if you touch it, it is not so elastic and slightly swollen, and with strong compression you can already notice the first irregularities. At the first stage, getting rid of cellulite is simple - the main thing is to establish a metabolism, go on a diet, and make a small set of exercises. You can do without the services of specialists, and cope at home on your own.

Second stage. At the second stage, it is already possible to feel the seals and skin irregularities become noticeable. The affected areas lose their sensitivity. To eliminate imperfections, you need to actively combine massages, diet, sports, a bath, and various anti-cellulite products. You can also handle the second stage with your own hands.

Third stage. At this stage, skin roughness is clearly visible to everyone. Adipose tissue is already severely damaged, nerve endings are pinched, blood circulation is disturbed. The skin is uneven, rough, looks ugly. To destroy such deposits, self-massage and exercises at home are no longer enough. It is necessary to contact specialists for special procedures: ultrasound, lipolysis, electrolipolysis. But do not forget about massage, diet, sports. If you interrupt your exercises, cellulite will return again.

Fourth stage. Serious pathological tissue damage. The skin is all thickened, swollen, often there is cyanosis, cold to the touch. At this stage, there is a strong pinching of nerve endings, a complete violation of blood circulation, atrophy of muscle tissue and other problems. In such a situation, liposuction is usually prescribed, and the obligatory observance of the correct diet, sports, active walks, massages - permanent care for your body and body.

Remember! If you do nothing about the fact that you noticed small tubercles on your skin, you can come to very serious consequences and even surgical intervention.

A noticeable effect can be obtained only when applying a whole range of anti-cellulite measures. Do just a massage, not bothering with sports, or go on a diet, but continue to lead sedentary image life means dooming yourself to failure from the very beginning.

What steps must be present:

• stop the amount of fat synthesized by the body;
• stimulate the breakdown of body fat;
• improve skin elasticity;
• stimulate the outflow of fluid from the tissues;
• improve blood circulation;
• stimulate muscle work;
• break up subcutaneous fat nodules.

Each stage of cellulite involves focusing on different things. At the first stage, the adjustment takes place quite quickly, the body is not yet heavily slagged, which means that you need to establish proper nutrition, connect a set of exercises, periodically visit the sauna, and give yourself a massage.

At the second stage, it is already necessary to connect specialized skin care products. These are various anti-cellulite creams, as well as can massage, anti-cellulite wraps.

The third and fourth stages are treated only under the supervision of a doctor, it is better to visit the office professional massage therapist, for manual and hardware massage, also carry out wraps, use specialized creams, eat right, play sports.

Be careful! Cellulite comes back very easily, so once faced with this problem, you need to change your lifestyle forever, never return to a sedentary image with eating harmful products, lack of proper self-care.

If cellulite is in the initial stages of development, then the problem may well be solved by independent efforts.

What you need in order to remove cellulite at home:

1. Compose suitable diet, which will include a sufficient amount of liquid (namely water), fruits, vegetables, cereals. You will have to exclude from your diet all sweet, floury, fatty, fried, salty, canned, smoked, etc.
2. Make up a set of exercises for yourself, which needs to be updated periodically.
3. Spend several days a week massage, you can do body wraps, scrub the skin with a purchased or homemade scrub.
4. You can use creams that increase skin elasticity, purchased or prepared on your own.

The main thing in the fight against cellulite is focus on results. You need to clearly define your desires, set a goal and go towards it, and then changes in the figure and well-being will not even allow you to think about returning to the old way of life.

Remember! Cellulite is not a death sentence. This is something that can and should be fought, the main thing is to do it right.

Exercises

To combat cellulite, improve blood circulation, there are many effective exercises. You can train with your favorite items from childhood: jump rope and hula hoop, go jogging.

To make classes more effective:

• muscles need to be strained strongly, this will help direct more blood to the damaged area;
• you need to breathe correctly: deeply, fully, perform the exercise on the exhale, then inhale deeply again to saturate the body with oxygen;
• classes should be held regularly, preferably 5 days a week, and the first results should not be expected the next day, they will appear only after a few weeks.

Attention! The moment that you should not forget is the warm-up before the main set of exercises. The warm-up is the simplest exercises from the school warm-up: torso bends, jumps on one and two legs, stretch the neck, arms, shoulders.

If cellulite on the legs

To normalize tissue metabolism, get rid of the "orange peel" there is a list of general and additional exercises.

General exercises include:

• squats: 3 sets of 15-20 reps;
• lunges: 3 sets of 30 times;
• jumping rope: 3 sets of 30-40 times;
• leg swings: standing on all fours, swing with a straightened leg, circular movements of the leg 30 times, at least 3 approaches.

Additional exercises:

1. Squats with dumbbells. Put your feet shoulder-width apart, knees apart as far as possible to the sides. At the beginning of the exercise, the arms with dumbbells are lowered. Sit down as slowly as possible, keeping your back straight, and your arms in the starting position, linger for 30 seconds, tensing your muscles. Straighten up slowly. You can start with 1 set of 12 reps, then increase to 4 sets.
2. Lunges with dumbbells. The back is straight, the legs are shoulder-width apart, the arms with dumbbells are extended along the body. Left leg forward, bend the right knee at the knee, linger for 30 seconds, tensing the muscles as much as possible. Slowly return to starting position. Also start with 1 set of 12 lunges, then increase the number of sets to 4.

Squats, and especially with weighting - the most efficient view leg exercises.

If cellulite on the pope

Exercises designed to deal with bumps in the pope work well on the back of the legs.

Cellulite exercises on the pope:

1. Squats with dumbbells. The only difference from the first method is that you do not need to widen your knees.
2. "Walking" on the priest on the floor. You need to sit on the floor, straighten your back, stretch your straight legs in front of you. You can put your hands behind your head, the main thing is not to help yourself with your hands. Start moving on the buttocks forward and then back. First, as much as you have enough strength, then several approaches of 15-20 times.
3. Lying on your stomach, raise the most tense leg to the maximum height, then slowly lower it. You need to do 3 sets of 20 times.
4. Plank exercise. Works well on all muscle groups. Stand on the floor, leaning on your elbows and socks, tighten all the muscles and try to stay in this position for 20 seconds to start, then add 10 seconds every day. Bring to 2-3 minutes, or 1 minute, but several approaches.
5. Lying on the floor, rest your heels on the floor, stretch your arms, raise your pelvis, tighten your gluteal muscles, hold for 5-10 seconds and lower yourself to the starting position. Start with 10 repetitions.

There are many different exercises for cellulite. If you need to get rid of cellulite on your stomach, pay more attention to bending, twisting, massage helps a lot.

Attention! It is better to do few reps, but correctly, than to try to do the right amount, overexert yourself and do it wrong.

"Anti-cellulite" diet

There is no single diet that allows you to burn fat. Cellulite is a violation of the processes of microcirculation and metabolism, deposits appear, usually in the area of ​​the buttocks, thighs, and abdomen.

To get rid of problem areas you need to:

• reduce the amount of body fat;
• speed up metabolism;
• remove excess fluid;
• strengthen the walls of blood vessels;
• to prevent the occurrence of edema.

In order to fulfill a certain list of requirements, you need to reduce the calorie content of dishes, exclude salt and all water-retaining foods, add a lot of fruits and vegetables to the diet. The goal is to improve the functioning of the intestines, cleanse the body, and normalize metabolism.

Among the cosmetic procedures aimed at maintaining the beauty of the body and creating an ideal figure, anti-cellulite measures are very popular. Cellulite or "orange peel" is a common problem among women. To solve it, there are many ways, including special cosmetics, vacuum massage, ultrasound treatment procedures and electrical stimulation of tissues.

What is cellulite?

Cellulite is an inflammatory disease of subcutaneous fat. The everyday meaning of this word implies a cosmetic defect associated with the deposition of fat in the form of tubercles under the skin, which makes its surface embossed, violating the aesthetic appeal. What is in women's gloss and brochures beauty salons called cellulite, has the scientific name "gynoid lipodystrophy". However, the term "cellulite" has taken root in this sense so much that for ease of perception in our article it will be used in the generally accepted sense.

Another name for the defect - "orange peel" - is common due to the fact that as a result of a violation of fat metabolism and the formation of edema, the skin acquires an uneven surface and feels like a citrus peel to the touch.

An important role in the development of cellulite is played by estrogen - a group of female sex hormones, which are present in small quantities in men. However, in a healthy woman, the concentration of estrogen is several times higher than in healthy man Therefore, cellulite is considered an exclusively female problem. Cellulite is found only in women also because of the specific structure of their fatty tissue.

The mechanism of development of gynoid lipodystrophy begins with uneven accumulation of fat in adipocytes. Adipocytes are fat cells that all people have, even very thin girls, so it cannot be said that cellulite is a problem associated exclusively with obesity, although this is a common belief.

In violation of fat metabolism, adipocytes increase unevenly under the influence of excess fat, pathological changes affect nearby cells - fibroblasts. Fibroblasts synthesize collagen fibers, the purpose of which is to delimit areas of connective tissue. With gynoid lipodystrophy, collagen bridges compress the enlarged fat lobules, resulting in the formation of dense capsules, protrusions into the dermis appear, which visually manifests itself in the unevenness, tuberosity of the skin relief.

This is not all the consequences of the pathological process - due to constant compression, blood supply and lymphatic drainage of tissues are disturbed, which leads to the formation of edema. With the progression of gynoid lipodystrophy, nerve endings are pinched, which can cause pain in areas of the body covered with cellulite.

The causes of cellulite are varied, they are made up of many factors, and if you have several of them, then you are at risk. You should take preventive measures, but about them later.

Predisposing factors for cellulite:

Gender, race and heredity play an important role in the pathogenesis of gynoid lipodystrophy. Thus, Caucasian women are more prone to cellulite than blacks and Asians. The probability of manifestation of this defect in white women is much greater due to the specific structure of the subcutaneous adipose tissue and hormonal predisposition. If cellulite is a common problem in a girl’s family, it is observed in her mother, grandmother and other blood relatives, it is likely that she herself will have this problem with age;

Violations hormonal balance create the prerequisites for the formation of cellulite, therefore, when treating it, it is necessary to consult an endocrinologist. Hormonal disorders may be associated with taking oral contraceptives, functional state thyroid and pancreas, ovaries and adrenal cortex. Age peaks of hormonal status - teenage years, pregnancy, menopause - can provoke gynoid lipodystrophy with manifestations in the form of "orange peel" on the thighs and buttocks. So, due to disruption of the endocrine glands, the balance of fat metabolism can shift towards lipogenesis with reduced lipolysis. Excess fats will accumulate in adipocytes, which is where gynoid lipodystrophy begins;

Vascular pathologies, circulatory and lymphatic disorders, as a result of which toxins accumulate in the hypodermis, and metabolism slows down;

Obesity, sedentary lifestyle also lead to the accumulation of excess fat in adipocytes;

Bad habits, in particular smoking, suppress the processes of lipolysis (fat breakdown).

unfavorable ecological situation - with an abundance of toxins in the air and water, the body is constantly under stress, forced to bring them out. With chronic exposure, negative factors environment can provoke hormonal imbalance, lipid metabolism disorders, and all this creates prerequisites for gynoid lipodystrophy;

Sudden weight loss or weight gain. In the first case, the loss of kilograms can occur due to proteins, not fat, as often happens with strict diets. The lack of protein leads to thinning of the collagen fibers that make up the connective tissue bridges. speed dial weight turns into excessive accumulation of fat in problem areas, creating the preconditions for the appearance of cellulite;

Unbalanced Diet- with a lack of natural proteins and polyunsaturated ones, tissue metabolism and the synthesis of connective tissue bridges can be disturbed. It is important to monitor the amount of fiber in the diet - it contributes to the timely removal of toxins and speeds up the metabolism. The abundance of products such as carbonated drinks, sweets, flour, fast food and convenience foods leads to the formation of surpluses. subcutaneous fat.

Features of the anatomical zones predisposed to cellulite in women

genetic aspect. Men and women from the beginning of the action of puberty hormones are differently prone to fullness. If in men fat deposits are concentrated in the upper part of the body and form a “beer belly” with an excessive amount, then in women fat is deposited on the hips, buttocks and lower abdomen. Such a distribution is necessary for the normal course of pregnancy, but is always observed, even in nulliparous women.

The structure and location of connective tissue partitions. The epidermis and dermis are the layers that make up the skin. In men, they are thicker, while the fat layer, on the contrary, is thinner than in women. Another difference lies in the structure of the connective tissue bridges - these partitions are made of protein and are woven into the dermis on one side, and attached to the muscle fascia on the other in such a way that a structure of cells is formed, inside which there are fat cells. There are differences both in the method of attachment (diagonally in women and at right angles to the skin in men) and in the number of septa. In men, there are more of them, and the fat lobules themselves are usually smaller, so that their growth is constrained by connective tissue structures. In addition, there are more collagen and elastin fibers in the skin itself, so that even with significantly enlarged adipocytes, the skin does not look uneven from the outside, so cellulite as a cosmetic defect does not bother men to the same extent as women. In women, the structure of the skin and connective tissue may vary depending on heredity, age, hormonal status and the presence of diseases. So, with connective tissue dysplasia, the skin loses elasticity and tone, can sag and cannot withstand stretching - striae appear on it. It is clear that with such a disease in a thin woman, cellulite can appear with the same success as in an obese woman. Otherwise, it is difficult to determine “by eye” who is more likely to have cellulite, since a lot depends on the state of metabolism and the current hormonal status.

Structure and function of fat cells. Gynoid lipodystrophy develops due to an imbalance in the processes of lipogenesis and lipolysis. That is, much more fat is formed than is burned, the permeability of the adipocyte membrane is disrupted, as a result of which fat accumulates inside the cell, but even changes in the diet and regular physical activity cannot remove the “orange peel” at this stage, although they bring significant improvements. with excess weight. Alpha and beta receptors are present on the surface of adipocytes. The former are necessary for the processes of lipogenesis, and the latter are involved in the processes of fat breakdown. In women, the number of alpha receptors is six times greater than in men, which is why cellulite occurs only among the fair sex. Due to the fact that such a ratio of receptors mainly concerns the areas of the thighs, buttocks and abdomen, weight loss in other areas with intense physical activity occurs at normal speed. But in these parts of the body, fat is formed most actively and breaks down very slowly, which creates the conditions for the appearance of cellulite.

Hormones that affect the processes of lipogenesis and lipolysis

The mechanism of lipogenesis consists in the penetration of fatty acids, glucose and glycerol into the adipocyte cell, where triglycerides are synthesized from them. During lipolysis fatty acid and glycerol, on the contrary, are excreted from the cell. If the balance of these processes is not observed, fats accumulate inside the cell, due to which it increases in size.

What is the role of hormones in the regulation of lipogenesis and lipolysis? First of all, insulin (a hormone that is produced in the pancreas) is involved in lipid metabolism, it starts a chain of reactions, as a result of which lipogenesis increases and lipolysis stops.

Enhanced level blood glucose leads to an increase in insulin concentration, so that lipolysis slows down, and a large amount of fat is formed in adipocytes. The level of glucose in the blood may increase with certain diseases (for example, with diabetes), as well as with the constant use of flour and sweet, the so-called "fast" carbohydrates.

Another group of hormones involved in lipid metabolism is the catecholamines. They are produced in the adrenal cortex, and when bound to adipocyte receptors, they can activate both the processes of lipolysis and lipogenesis. It depends on the type of receptors with which catecholamines interact - when bound to alpha receptors, the processes of production and accumulation of fats are activated, when bound to beta receptors, respectively, the breakdown and excretion of fats are stimulated. However, this group of hormones has a high affinity for alpha receptors, so it binds to them willingly and spontaneously. That is, while alpha receptors are free, catecholamines will interact with them, and only then with beta receptors, activating lipolysis processes.

In practice, this means that if the hormones of this group are not enough, then the processes of lipolysis will occur very slowly, since all catecholamines are occupied by alpha receptors. The content of these hormones in the blood increases during physical exertion, with short-term stress, exposure to cold, hypertonicity. sympathetic department nervous system.

The process of losing weight does not correlate well with the state of cellulite fat deposits, since the ratio of alpha and beta receptors in different parts of the body is not the same. For example, during intense physical activity and balanced diet you can lose weight by 7 kilograms, while weight loss will occur mainly due to those areas where there are fewer alpha receptors. And if we take into account that beta-adrenergic receptors are the least in relation to alpha receptors in the areas of the “breeches zone” and the lower abdomen, then splitting will affect these parts of the body the least. But it is there that cellulite forms most actively.

Glucocorticoids are another group of hormones produced by the adrenal glands that increase blood glucose levels. In addition, they can change the number of active alpha and beta receptors in favor of the former. As a result, the processes of lipogenesis are enhanced, which leads to the formation of cellulite deposits. Chronic stress, insomnia and overwork also increase the concentration of these hormones in the blood.

Glucagon is a pancreatic hormone that can bind to receptors on the surface of adipocytes and trigger lipolysis. Increased concentration This hormone is observed during, during sports training and carbohydrate-free diets.

Other hormones involved in lipid metabolism, in particular those promoting increased lipolysis: thyroid hormone; male sex hormone testosterone; growth hormones produced by the pituitary gland; adrenocorticotropic hormone.

The connection between hormones and adipocytes is so close that the enzymes of fat cells affect the concentration of hormones of a certain group in the blood. So, adipocytes contain a special enzyme called aromatase P450, which stimulates the conversion of testosterone (male sex hormone) into estradiol (female sex hormone of the estrogen group).

cellulite stages

Classification of cellulite by stages

1 stage cellulite	The skin is even, but there is mild swelling. Injuries (abrasions, hematomas, burns) in the problem area regenerate more slowly than in other parts of the body. The layer of subcutaneous fat is soft on palpation. These manifestations indicate a violation of blood circulation in the capillary network, stagnation of lymph and fluid in the cell matrix. The transformation of the first stage into the second occurs when cellulite prevention is not observed.
stage 2 cellulite	The tuberosity of the skin becomes noticeable if you collect it in a fold, swelling increases. When probing, the subcutaneous fat layer becomes harder in comparison with the state at the first stage, the unevenness of the skin relief is slightly noticeable even in a calm state. These phenomena are associated with stagnation of the lymph, the venous circulatory system can not cope with the removal of excess fluid. If appropriate measures are not taken at the second stage, pathological changes affect the connective tissue septa and the lobular structure of fatty deposits, which provokes the third stage of cellulite.
3rd stage of cellulite (lobulated)	At this stage, irregularities in the form of an “orange peel” are distinguishable in a calm state, and if the skin is slightly pulled up, the relief of its surface becomes bumpy: fibrous formations are located in place of the pits under the skin, and fatty deposits are located in place of the bumps. The venous system in problem areas does not cope with the task, which leads to the formation of edema, circulatory disorders, spontaneous hematomas, delayed regeneration skin after damage. The skin in this area is pale and dry, cold to the touch due to problems with microcirculation. Another important symptom the third stage of gynoid lipodystrophy - dense nodes under the skin, which are detected by palpation. The formation of hematomas is associated with a violation of the permeability of blood vessels, due to which blood penetrates into the tissues. Connective tissue grows, forming a mesh with cells, sclerosed and thickened, which is externally manifested by bumps and pits on the skin.
Stage 4 cellulite (nadular)	At this stage of cellulite, the tuberosity of the skin is pronounced even in a calm state without muscle tension, when you try to fold the skin into a fold, painful discomfort venous network is visible through the skin. When probing, large nodular formations are distinguishable. At the final stage, not only connective tissue septa are sclerosed, but also fat cells. May appear pain in the area of ​​​​localization of cellulite, because sclerosed formations compress the nerves. Another name for the fourth stage of cellulite (macronodular stage) is given by the name of its main symptom - the formation of a large macronodule from many micronodules.

In some cases, two more stages of cellulite are distinguished - the fifth and sixth, they do not differ in external and inner manifestations from the fourth, but pathological changes in this case spread to atypical parts of the body and occupy a large area.

Classification of cellulite by clinical varieties

Clinical form There are two types of cellulitis - plaque and nodular cellulitis:

In nodular cellulitis, many nodules form under the skin that may be soft or hard to the touch;

Plaque cellulitis differs from nodular cellulitis in that multiple nodules and lumpy formations coalesce to form chronic foci of cellulite, the appearance of the skin is uneven, and there is a depression in the center of such a foci.

Classification of cellulite according to skin characteristics

hard cellulite often occurs in women who play sports and lead an active lifestyle. The defect is characterized by the presence of dense small formations under the skin, hard when palpated, not changing their position when the skin is stretched. Hard cellulite can be detected only by pressing on the skin; in the normal state, the “orange peel” is not visible. As accompanying symptoms striae may appear varicose veins veins and others vascular pathologies. With the progression of the disease after a few years, it passes into another form - flaccid cellulite;

Flaccid cellulite is also called soft, since the affected areas of the skin are soft to the touch, shake and change their position when moving. This form of cellulite is also characterized by vascular pathologies - varicose veins, telangiectasias. Common among older women age group who are losing weight dramatically due to illness or due to a strict diet, leading a sedentary lifestyle;

Edematous cellulitis. The main symptom of this form of pathology is a sharp increase in the lower extremities with signs of cellulite in volume due to the accumulation of excess fluid. If you press the skin, an indentation forms on the spot, while the skin is pale, the vessels are translucent;

Mixed cellulite- this form of gynoid lipodystrophy is most common. The defect manifests itself in different parts of the body and, depending on the position, can proceed in a solid, flaccid or edematous form.

Cellulite diagnostics

Anthropometric data. To assess the predisposition to cellulite, data on height, mass index, body volume are required. External examination allows you to detect the localization of fat deposits and the thickness of fatty tissue. This type of diagnosis is more often used to determine obesity and its degree, and thin women can also have cellulite, so this method is usually not enough;

Bioelectric impedancemetry. Electrodes are placed on the body and, according to the current resistance, the ratio of fat and water is determined in areas most prone to cellulite. The method is based on physical properties various tissues and structures of the body - water conducts electricity better than fat, therefore, according to the data from the devices about the area studied, conclusions can be drawn about its structure and the amount of body fat;

Anode thermography. The cellulite stage is assessed on the basis of the data of the anode, which transmits a signal on the skin temperature to the screen. The fact is that with gynoid lipodystrophy, skin areas with cellulite on late stages differ in temperature, which looks like black holes on the screen. It is quite accurate and informative method diagnostics, but its shortcomings in the nuances of application. So, it is necessary to create a calm environment in which the patient will not be nervous, as well as normal conditions for the operation of the sensor - a constant temperature, humidity and lighting. Body changes associated with menstrual cycle, fever and smoking can distort the data and make the study unreliable;

CT scan and magnetic resonance scanning more often used to assess the degree of obesity, but in the diagnosis of cellulite can also be used. Using these methods, it is possible to determine the thickness of adipose tissue, but they do not provide information about microcirculation in the superficial vessels and skin tissues;

Doppler ultrasound unlike the methods described above, it allows you to determine the state of microcirculation in the subcutaneous adipose tissue, to assess the state of blood vessels in the area under study, which makes the procedure very informative in terms of diagnosing cellulite;

Xerography. This method X-ray examination allows you to assess the location and thickness of the layer of skin, adipose tissue and muscles, while it does not provide data on microcirculation and the state of blood vessels. Another drawback is the need to expose the body to radiation;

2D echography. One of the most informative methods for diagnosing cellulite is carried out using wave radiation with a frequency of 7.5-10 MHz and higher. Allows you to determine the number of nodular formations and their size, the state of nearby tissues, the presence and location of edema and microcirculation disorders;

Histological examination. It requires a tissue sample taken at a depth of 4 mm under the skin. The sample is stained with different dyes, according to the purpose of the study. For the analysis of polysaccharides, alcian blue is needed, the study of collagen and muscle fibers carried out with the help of fucorcin. Despite the fact that this is the most informative diagnostic method, it is not used so often due to the need to violate the integrity of the skin for sampling.

Cellulite treatment methods

It is quite difficult to completely get rid of this defect, a complex of therapeutic measures is needed, including massage and cosmetic procedures, products for external and internal use. But even after the "orange peel" disappears, it will be necessary to follow the rules of cellulite prevention, otherwise it will appear again.

Getting rid of cellulite is not easy, it is best not to wait for the appearance of a bright cosmetic defect, and start preventive measures in advance. If it manifests itself, then you should contact a cosmetologist who will develop an individual cellulite correction program for you. It should include various hardware cosmetic procedures.

Ways to fight cellulite

Among the various approaches to solving the problem of cellulite, the following categories can be distinguished:

Pharmaceuticals acting from within.

Medicines for external use.

Physiotherapy.

Operative (surgical) intervention.

Modern methods of cellulite treatment are as follows:

Activation of beta receptors, launching and accelerating the breakdown of existing fats;

Inhibition of the work of alpha receptors, inhibition of the synthesis and deposition of new fats;

Formation of the outflow of lymph and metabolic products from tissues;

Acceleration of blood flow in the capillaries of the skin, healing of blood vessels;

Destruction of capsules in which fat is deposited, a decrease in the density of fibrous fibers in the deep layers of the skin;

Activation of muscle contractions;

Rejuvenation of the skin, increasing its elasticity.

Preparations for cellulite internal action

Active substances and trace elements acting at the molecular level: retinol, tocopherol, ascorbic, nicotinic and lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10, carotenoids, a complex under the outdated name "vitamin F" (linolenic, linoleic, oleic and arachidonic acids);

Seaweed - natural iodine-containing lipolytics, which also help maintain salt balance. First of all, we mean kelp and fucus;

Various means containing natural flavonoids:

1. Accelerators of blood flow in the capillaries of the skin (extracts from grape seeds, hawthorn berries).

   Skin health products (horse chestnut extract, evening primrose oil).

   Digestive stimulants (turmeric or rosemary).

   Substances that promote the excretion of fluid (extracts of horsetail and dandelion).

   Antioxidants and detoxifying products (activated charcoal, mate and Eubicor teas, ginger, fiber).

Pharmaceutical preparations against cellulite: Detralex, Ascorutin, Venorutin and Rutin, Troxevasin. They can be prescribed by a doctor according to indications.

From the side of the skin, not every remedy can affect cellulite. Basically, these are cosmetic, not medical products, so topical preparations play an auxiliary role in the treatment of cellulite.

Various oils of plant origin, used in jar massage: sage, primrose, shea, wheat germ and others;

Essential anti-cellulite oils of citrus and coniferous plants, bergamot, chamomile, etc. When mixing oils, one must adhere to the principle of similarity: wood only with wood, citrus with citrus, flower with flower;

Extracts that stimulate the outflow of fluid: grapefruit, ivy, arnica, horsetail, cowberry, lotus;

Substances with lipolytic properties: capsaicin, menthol, caffeine, mate tea, guarana and gotu kola extracts;

Mud and algae preparations used for lotions and wraps. Produce the effect of tightening, nourishing and improving skin elasticity;

Honey in the fight against cellulite most clearly shows medicinal properties with manual massage: removing fluid, toxins and metabolic products, healing and nourishing the skin, as well as reducing the amount of fat.

Methods of physical influence

Consider the various procedures aimed at the treatment of cellulite:

Cellulite massage. Several types of anti-cellulite massage have been developed:

• Manual - has a lymphatic drainage effect, has a positive effect on blood flow and is able to soften fatty deposits;

  Comfortable things. It's about on the rejection of tight underwear, uncomfortable shoes and tight fitting clothes. With cellulite, it is better to avoid heels, skinny jeans, synthetic fabrics;

  Proper rest.“All diseases are from nerves,” and this is a fact. Of course, a direct link between stress and disease is not immediately visible, but it is enough to look at the factors provoking cellulite to find it. For example, stress-eating sweets gives overweight, lack of sleep and bad habits - also consequences nervous tension, physical inactivity is a companion of depression, and anxiety worsens the condition of the heart and blood vessels. Therefore, learn to relax: make time for yourself for hot baths, walks in interesting places and your own hobbies.

Education: Diploma of the Russian State Medical University N. I. Pirogov, specialty "Medicine" (2004). Residency at the Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, diploma in Endocrinology (2006).

This annoying problem is ready to appear at any moment. "Orange peel" on the arms, legs, stomach or pope occurs at the age of 15, and at 50 - cellulite of all ages, any type of figure is submissive. Every woman can win. The main thing is to understand why cellulite appears, to act on the cause, and not on the effect. The results will not keep you waiting.

What is cellulite

Some doctors define it as a disease, others dismiss the problem. In fact, cellulite is a change in the structure of subcutaneous fat cells. Metabolism is disturbed in the affected areas. Fat cells grow, accumulate toxins, fix on problem areas - on the buttocks, legs, arms, abdomen - preventing good blood circulation and tissue nutrition. Where cellulite appears, the dermis is covered with an "orange peel" - these are pits, tubercles, nodes, bluish spots.

Cellulite does not pose a direct threat to internal organs, but it is unacceptable to ignore it. Areas affected by cellulite, not receiving vitamins, microelements, oxygen, accumulating toxins, become a source of general intoxication. If you have got loose skin- the same “orange peel”, this is a clear signal: the body needs attention and support.

Often, sufferers are faced with the psychological consequences of cellulite - they do not feel beautiful. A bare back, an open thigh, a photo in a swimsuit, a spectacular public appearance? What is there! Without delving into the details of why cellulite appears, ladies seek to get rid of the “orange peel” by any means. High costs are easy to avoid if you understand what causes cellulite.

Causes of cellulite in women

According to studies, "orange peel" cellulite appears in 90% of women. In thin and puffy ladies, the process develops in the same way. Why does cellulite appear much more often in women than in men? Of the many reasons, experts identify three main ones: unhealthy foods, hormonal imbalance, smoking. The following factors are also alarming:

• Lack of fluid. A desiccated body removes toxins and toxins worse, and therefore is prone to cellulite.
• The use of antibiotics, diuretics, sleeping pills. Aggressive drugs violate the mechanism of self-purification and regulation of metabolic processes, laid down by nature. Cellulite is the response of the internal system to external interference.
• Excessive dieting. An organism that is constantly kept on a starvation diet, in rare days good nutrition seeks to put aside more energy reserves. New fat cells are an excellent environment for the development of cellulite.

Foods that cause cellulite

The fast rhythm of life, inattention to the body are the reasons for the love for tasty, but harmful dishes and products. They provoke a deterioration in health, and also contribute to the appearance of "orange peel". If the fight against cellulite has become main goal, they will have to be abandoned forever. Having wondered why the hated cellulite appears, and deciding to fight it, you must give up foods and dishes such as:

• Cakes, pastries, desserts, pastries. Fast carbohydrates, having barely entered the body, are deposited in the fat depot, turning into cellulite. Slow carbohydrates - cereals, fruits, dark chocolate eaten for breakfast - will give a lot of energy without harming the figure.
• Salt beyond measure. Foods rich in it cause fluid retention. Finding no way out, it is deposited ... in the form of cellulite. Do not exclude this substance altogether. daily rate salt, which does not provoke the appearance of "orange peel" - only 5 g. This product contains fresh vegetables, mushrooms, sea kale.
• Any thermally processed and prepared food for the future. Together with sausages, pates, mayonnaise, ketchup, a horse dose of preservatives, dyes, thickeners, fillers enters the stomach. A wise organism recognizes them as dangerous substances and seeks to get rid of the ballast. Some of these substances settle ... in the form of cellulite.
• Dairy products with the highest fat content. The human digestive system is unable to fully digest heavy animal products. Not all fats are excreted from the body, the rest are stored in problem areas. The appearance of cellulite is guaranteed. You don't have to give up on dairy products. Instead, choose cottage cheese and kefir with a zero percent fat content, the lowest-calorie sour cream, then cellulite will not be terrible for you.
• Sweet soda, alcohol and especially instant coffee. If these drinks occupy a significant place in your diet, then you have found the answer to the question of why cellulite appears. Replace them with water, weak green, black tea, freshly squeezed juices.

Hormones

Cellulite often accompanies hormonal disbalance. Excess estrogen weakens the blood vessels, and the affected areas become covered with cellulite. Hormonal changes the female body is constantly experiencing: during puberty, during pregnancy and breastfeeding after menopause. The level of estrogen is high, which is why cellulite appears after childbirth, during lactation and in adulthood.

Smoking

It is easy to recognize a heavy smoker by the condition of the skin. Yellowish, thin, covered with a web of wrinkles, and in problem areas - "orange peel" cellulite. Tobacco smoke dries up the epidermis, nicotine disrupts oxygen metabolism at the intercellular level, and tobacco tar poisons the already fragile female body. Each cigarette brings you closer to cellulite.

This problem is traditionally considered female. Often, ladies are indignant, why do men not have cellulite? And in vain. The answer to the question of whether men have cellulite is ambiguous. Yes, you will not see the “orange peel”. But if in women, cellulite fat cells accumulate throughout the body, then in men, the waist and abdomen suffer. In appearance, you can’t say that soft rollers - “lifebuoys” - are cellulite. Thicker than the ladies, the skin is able to hide under itself the irregularities of the "orange peel".

Another feature male body- more active burning of fat, which forms the basis of cellulite. This is how the hormone adrenaline works. There is a lot of it in the blood of men. Unlike women, the body of the representatives of the strong half of humanity is inclined to build muscle mass, but not to accumulate excess fat. Cellulite under such circumstances is simply not formed on anything.

How to get rid of cellulite at home

It is unlikely that it will be possible to quickly get rid of the "orange peel" cellulite: in 2 weeks it will not be possible to eliminate stocks on the arms, legs, and stomach. The main thing is to know how cellulite is formed, and remember that it is possible to defeat it at the age of 18, and at 30, and at 60. The program for getting rid of the “orange peel” includes sports, massage, diet revision, general health improvement organism. It is better not to wonder how much it takes to eliminate the effects of cellulite, but to make beneficial changes a part of life. From the "orange peel" over time, only memories will remain.

Physical exercise

The effectiveness of the fight against cellulite will be increased by the usual daily morning exercises (exercises), which include the following exercises:

1. Squats and half squats. Perform several sets of 10-15 times at once, alternating squats with half squats. This wonderful exercise will help both remove the “orange peel” on the legs and tighten the muscles of the buttocks, maintain tone in the body affected by cellulite.
2. Leg swings standing and lying down. Raise your legs along the body or to the side, and cellulite deposits will begin to melt. The main rule is to perform the exercise due to the work of the muscles.
3. Any exercises for the press from a prone position. Evenly work out the rectus, oblique muscles of the abdomen, upper and lower divisions to get rid of "orange peel" cellulite in that area.

Pills

There are a lot of pills claimed to be anti-cellulite. Some "medicines" are harmless, others cause serious blow on the body, but not on the “orange peel” itself. magic pill no cellulite! Good: proper nutrition, self-care, massage of areas where “orange peel” appears, body cleansing, sports. Means that directly treat cellulite have not yet been invented.

Massage

This method is one of the most effective in the fight against the "orange peel". The course against cellulite includes at least 10 procedures. It is best to trust a specialist who will be able to cope with the "orange peel". Set up in advance discomfort: breaking cellulite fat deposits, making the body pump blood there is not easy. In such areas, the massage therapist works very actively.

Diet

The diet for cellulite is essentially identical to what is the basis of a healthy lifestyle: fresh food, natural food, cooked with your own hands, a minimum of fat, a lot of vegetables and fruits. In the fight against the “orange peel” of cellulite, do not forget about water (2-3 liters per day) and active supplements. Balanced complexes of vitamins and minerals are best taken for a month 2-3 times a year.

Video: how to deal with cellulite on the legs

In the fight against the “orange peel”, video tutorials with anti-cellulite programs perfectly replace workouts in the fitness center. The video below will help you deal with cellulite on your legs yourself. This is hardly the most problem area. Here, cellulite appears earlier than in other areas, and is very common. You will have to work hard, getting rid of fat deposits. The result, in the form of smooth skin without cellulite, will certainly please.