Thyroid tablets for treatment. Review of thyroid hormones in tablets
Pathological processes endocrine system are among the most common physiological abnormalities. There are many tablets, so it will be useful to know which ones are used for what.
Let's consider the following classification medicines:
- Based on hormone analogues thyroid gland for organ hypofunction: , Liothyronine.
- Suppressing or reducing hormone synthesis side effects on the periphery with hyperfunction: Tyrosol, Mercazolil.
Iodine preparations: Iodine-active, Iodine balance.
Despite the above list of thyroid pills, the presence of cysts and nodes in the diseased organ complicates the process drug treatment, so do not neglect consulting a specialist.
Mercazolil
It is a synthetic hormonal drug. A blocker is prescribed for treatment, but nodular forms are among the contraindications for use.
The tablets cause many adverse reactions: liver dysfunction, joint pain, leukopenia, hair loss.
If you have a fever accompanied by a sore throat, chills, skin rash and constant vomiting, the use of tablets must be stopped immediately.
Euthyrox
It is an analogue of thyroxine (thyroid hormone). Applicable when. Positive dynamics clinical symptoms observed already on the 3-5th day of taking the tablets. But the course of treatment is extended to 3-5 months to achieve a therapeutic effect if present.
During pregnancy and breastfeeding, taking pills is not contraindicated. However, the dosage of Eutirox should be reviewed by your doctor. Do not self-medicate.
Endorm
Applicable when. Is non-hormonal drug on plant based. There is no need to take pills for the rest of your life. It is used both for and with a lack of thyroid hormones.
To obtain the desired result, you must follow a diet during the period of treatment with tablets.
Include foods containing zinc in your diet ascorbic acid and selenium. Avoid foods that contain goitrogens (thiocyanates).
What medications should I take for an enlarged thyroid gland?
Tyrosol and Propicil have similar mechanism influence, but there are some distinctive features:
Propicil tablets, which have a biconvex shape, are prescribed in most cases during pregnancy and during breastfeeding. The drug is fast-acting, but high performance liver toxicity indicate possible risk formation of necrosis. Tablets are prescribed during the period. Vomiting and skin rash are among the contraindications for use.
Tyrosol is prescribed to treat hyperthyroidism in men. The drug provides stable remission. Doctors recommend taking Tyrozol tablets if allergic reaction on active substance Propicila. The drug is also prescribed for preventive purposes before surgery.
There are a number of medications that relieve the symptoms of hyperthyroidism:
- Adrenergic blockers (Verapamil,). The tablets block receptors for adrenaline and norepinephrine in the walls blood vessels and heart. These drugs prevent the disorder heart rate. But they should be considered only as a means of auxiliary therapy.
- Sedatives are used to relieve excessive nervous excitement. Doctors recommend taking.
Medicines for children
Iodine is necessary for the full production of thyroid hormones, which are involved in the formation of the child’s brain structures. If there is a lack of iodine in children, mental retardation is diagnosed.
In this case, to prevent the development of endemic goiter, doctors recommend drinking Iodomarin for children under 12 years of age. The tablets can be crushed and, if necessary, dissolved in milk or juice.
For hyperthyroidism, Tyrosol is prescribed. The drug is contraindicated in small patients under 3 years of age. Only a doctor can correctly calculate the dose for children from 3 to 17 years of age. Therefore, do not neglect consulting a specialist.
Hormonal drugs
Thyroid hormones in tablets have the following pharmacological properties:
- Calcitonin is a parathyroid hormone antagonist. Regulates calcium-phosphorus metabolism. There is a risk of side effects in the form of constant vomiting and dizziness.
Only a doctor can determine the advisability of using pills containing hormones.
For disease prevention
To normalize the functioning of the thyroid gland, the following drugs are used:
- Potassium iodide prevents problems when removing part of the gland. But they cannot treat women during lactation and pregnancy.
- Endocrinol helps improve the condition of the thyroid gland thanks to its flavonoids and vitamin E.
- Alba based on white cinquefoil stimulates the regeneration of thyroid tissue. Struggling with nodal connections. The drug can be taken for hyperthyroidism. Recommended to use for complex treatment pathological processes in the thyroid gland.
Remember that only a doctor can prescribe the necessary dietary supplements and medications various shapes release and considering physiological characteristics your body.
If the functioning of the thyroid gland is impaired, they are prescribed, which may contain iodine or other useful material. Such medications restore the normal functioning of the organ, eliminate many negative symptoms that have developed in the presence of this pathology.
Any medications for the thyroid gland should be prescribed by a doctor after a thorough examination of the body. Otherwise, medications may do more harm than good.
When should you see a doctor?
On initial stages diseases that are associated with dysfunction of the thyroid gland, a characteristic clinical picture arises:
- fatigue, causeless fatigue;
- drowsiness;
- lethargy;
- deterioration of intellectual abilities;
- causeless feeling of anxiety, irritability;
- weight change up or down;
- disruption of the cardiovascular system;
- change in voice (becomes rougher and hoarse);
- decreased libido;
- deterioration of the condition of hair, nails, skin;
- the appearance of seizures and other signs.
When data develops alarming symptoms It is necessary to consult a doctor to accurately determine the cause of their occurrence and prescribe the correct treatment.
Common thyroid diseases
What are the most common thyroid diseases? Most people experience the following pathologies:
- thyroiditis. This disease is accompanied by the development inflammatory processes in the tissues of the thyroid gland. It can be acute, subacute and chronic. In the first case, a significant increase in body temperature, the appearance of pain and other symptoms are observed. Treatment is carried out using antibacterial therapy. usually caused by viral infection, and chronic – destruction of thyroid cells by the immune system;
- hypothyroidism This disease is characterized by a decrease functional activity thyroid gland and a decrease in the level of its hormones. The reasons for this violation are various pathologies this organ or the hypothalamus. In the first case, hypothyroidism is called primary, and in the second - secondary. The disease is accompanied by weight gain, high sensitivity to cold, and menstrual cycle in women, etc.;
- hyperthyroidism. This disease is accompanied by increased thyroid function. The reasons for its occurrence are varied - congenital pathologies, problems with the functioning of the central nervous system, menopause in women and others. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include rapid weight loss, increased sweating, psycho-emotional instability and others;
- goiter. This pathology means an increase in the size of the thyroid gland, which does not affect its functioning. More often this state develops due to a lack of iodine in the human body. Goiter is especially dangerous during pregnancy and breastfeeding. If treatment is not carried out in a timely manner, thyroid gland nodes appear, which over time leads to disruption of its functioning.
How to prevent thyroid diseases?
For the treatment of the thyroid gland and the prevention of many diseases, it is advisable to use iodine-containing drugs. This microelement is necessary for the production of its main hormones.
Also high efficiency have drugs for the thyroid gland, which contain natural herbal ingredients. In these remedies, white cinquefoil root is often used. It is able to normalize the functioning of the endocrine system and saturates the body with flavonoids.
All these thyroid drugs, which are used for prophylactic or therapeutic purposes, should be used taking into account the following rules:
- Products containing iodine must be taken after meals. It is recommended to drink them big amount water. If the medicine is to be taken by a child, it is advisable to first dissolve it in milk or juice.
- The duration of taking thyroid medications for preventive purposes should most often be 2-3 years. IN special cases They are prescribed to a person for life.
- If these drugs are used frequently or a long period, addiction may occur. In this case, the person is prescribed funds with other active ingredients or increase the dosage of the medication.
- Drugs plant origin It is recommended to take courses, the duration of which should be several months.
Preparations based on white cinquefoil
The most popular thyroid tablet from this group is Endocrinol. It is classified as a highly effective dietary supplement. This drug is a source of flavonoids and supplies the body with E. Endocrinol stabilizes the functioning of the thyroid gland and normalizes hormonal background. In order to achieve best result During treatment, it is recommended to use a special gel from the same manufacturer in addition to tablets.
Endocrinol is not recommended for use in children under 12 years of age. This is due to the high activity of its main components, which can negatively affect an unformed body. This drug is contraindicated for women during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Individual intolerance to some of its components is also possible.
Preparations based on potassium iodide
With the help of iodine preparations for the thyroid gland, it is possible to compensate for the deficiency of this microelement in the body, which will improve the functioning of both the organ itself and the body as a whole. The most popular products from this group are:
- Iodine balance. An effective remedy, which is suitable for the prevention and treatment of goiter, allows you to normalize the size of the thyroid gland. It is recommended for use by women during menopause, but use is strictly prohibited if the presence of malignant tumors is suspected or with thyrotoxicosis;
- Iodomarin. Allows you to eliminate iodine deficiency in the body, it is recommended to use for the prevention and treatment of goiter, can be used by pregnant women or those who are breastfeeding. not recommended for treatment in combination with diuretics and lithium drugs;
- Potassium iodide. It is used for treatment and for prophylactic purposes to prevent the development of goiter. This drug is not recommended for use on later pregnancy or during breastfeeding. It is also undesirable to use it if there is acne or furunculosis.
Hormonal drugs for the thyroid gland
Preparations for the treatment of the thyroid gland may contain hormones, which have a beneficial effect on its condition in case of reduced functioning. The most popular products from this group are:
- Thyroidin. These are thyroid hormones in tablets that are obtained from animal organs. This drug also helps lower blood cholesterol levels;
- . Is synthetic drug, which is quickly absorbed and acts, which is very important at the initial stage of treatment;
- Mercazolil. It is a synthetic hormonal drug that is most often used to treat diffuse toxic goiter at any stage.
The use of these funds in mandatory should be carried out under the supervision of doctors, since they have many side effects and contraindications. You should also strictly follow the dosage regimen and recommended dosage. Otherwise hormonal agent will lead to severe consequences for the functioning of the whole body.
The thyroid gland regulates everything metabolic processes body, therefore functional impairment seriously affects general health person. The main function of thyroid hormones is their participation in protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism. Energy balance is also maintained with the help of these hormones. They occupy important place in realizing reproductive potential, are necessary for proper development all cells of the body. For replacement reduced function glands, drugs based on artificially synthesized thyroxine are used.
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Thyroid hormones in tablets
Thyroid hormone medications are available in convenient tablet form. They are artificially synthesized hormones. These medicines well tolerated and have minimal amount side effects.
With the help of drugs, it is possible to achieve normalization of thyroid function (euthyroidism), while the general well-being of a person improves, mood improves, and normal weight. Women gain the ability to become pregnant.
In what cases is it necessary to prescribe thyroid hormones?
Main indications for prescribing drugs:
- hypothyroidism;
- euthyroid goiter;
- history of surgical treatment of the thyroid gland;
- diffuse toxic goiter (after thyreostatics reach normal level hormones).
Often, changes associated with thyroid dysfunction are discovered by chance, and examination reveals abnormalities in the amount of thyroid hormones. Men and women can apply for medical care for weight loss, see a nutritionist or trichologist for treatment of hair loss.
In both cases, to obtain results, it is necessary to establish energy metabolism in the body, which is disturbed in hypothyroidism (insufficient thyroid function). Manifestations of decreased thyroid function are nonspecific: weight gain, deterioration of hair, nails, constant feeling cold, Bad mood, unreasonable feeling of fatigue, digestive problems (constipation).
When thyroxine and TSH are normalized, they go away nonspecific symptoms hypothyroidism: the condition of hair, nails, skin improves, weight and mood decrease, performance is restored.
The doctor prescribes a blood test for TSH and thyroxine. Depending on the results obtained, the specialist adjusts the dosage of tablets. hormonal drugs. For women, men, children and pregnant women, there are specific dosage standards for the tablets listed below.
Consequences of thyroid dysfunction
Method of use of drugs for the treatment of hypothyroidism
The duration of treatment for hypothyroidism is determined by your doctor. Often therapy can continue for many years or lifelong under the control of thyroid hormones and TSH.
List of main drug names
Most often, endocrinologists prescribe several drugs. Here is a list of their names:
- L-thyroxine.
- Euthyrox.
- Triiodothyronine.
- Thyrotome.
- Thyrecomb.
L-thyroxine
L-thyroxine (levothyroxine) is a frequently prescribed drug to replace lost thyroid function. In my own way chemical composition it is an isomer of thyroxine. Available in the form of tablets with a dosage of 50, 75 and 100 mcg. Clinical effect from L-thyroxine therapy occurs quite quickly. The use of this medicine has virtually no side effects. Treatment is started with minimal doses until TSH levels are restored. For adult women and men without cardiovascular diseases The daily requirement is calculated as 1.6–1.8 mcg per 1 kg of body weight, for people with heart and vascular diseases - 0.9 mcg/kg.
Correction of congenital hypothyroidism is carried out based on the child’s weight.
Euthyrox
Eutirox (levothyroxine sodium) - alternative drug prescribed by endocrinologists. The composition is similar to L-thyroxine. By therapeutic effect identical to natural thyroxine. The method of application is the same as the previous drug. Eutirox has a fairly wide variation series dosages. This feature has important in the selection of individual daily dosage. The prescription regimens for this drug do not differ from the dosing characteristics of L-thyroxine.
When hypothyroidism is diagnosed in pregnant women, therapy is prescribed throughout the gestational period and lactation period under the control of TSH and thyroxine. Moreover, the study of thyroid hormones in the blood is carried out several times throughout pregnancy in order to correct their levels.
Triiodothyronine
Triiodothyronine is a drug, one tablet of which contains 50 mcg of liothyronine. Treatment begins with 1/2 tablet, then every few weeks the dosage is increased, bringing it to 1–1.5 tablets per day. This drug is also used during pregnancy.
Tyreocomb
Combination drugs include Thyreocomb, which contains liothyronine, levothyroxine and potassium iodide. The doctor determines the daily requirement individually, based on the results laboratory research. The initial dose is 1/2 tablet per day. After a few weeks, increase to 1-2 tablets per day.
Thyrotome
Tireotome - combination drug, which contains levothyroxine and liothyronine. Daily requirement is also calculated individually. One Thyrotom tablet contains 40 mcg of levothyroxine and 10 mcg of liothyronine. For hypothyroidism, treatment in adults begins with 1 tablet per day, after a few weeks the dosage is gradually increased, bringing it to 2-5 tablets per day.
The drug is well tolerated, side effects are rarely observed, and are effectively relieved unpleasant symptoms.
Conclusion
Today in clinical practice Two main medications are used to correct hypothyroidism: L-thyroxine and Eutirox. Any of these drugs is prescribed by a medical specialist, taking into account the data laboratory examination. Control blood tests for TSH and thyroxine are carried out at certain intervals, based on which dosages are adjusted medicines.
Hypothyroidism (especially its latent course) is often diagnosed accidentally, during examination for unsuccessful conception, hair loss, or for the purpose of losing weight. Even unnoticed hypothyroidism requires careful monitoring and selection of drugs for treatment. Problems related to the thyroid gland must be dealt with promptly. Delayed treatment leads to serious pathologies: performance deteriorates, memory problems arise. In children, congenital hypothyroidism leads to a significant delay in both physical and intellectual development.
A preventive measure for the development of hypothyroidism is to eat food with iodine (fortified foods are available on the market), as well as iodine-containing drugs (Iodomarin, Iodine balance, potassium iodide).
Tablets for the thyroid gland can only be prescribed, since it is necessary to take into account the degree of dysfunction endocrine gland. The therapeutic regimen is developed individually for each patient, depending on the classification of the disease.
You can choose a thyroid medication based on what caused the disease. To select the correct list of pills, the patient must go through comprehensive examination in order to establish the level (T3, T4, ). After all, with hypofunction, the treatment will be radically different. In addition, the presence of other pathological formations in the tissues of the organ is taken into account.
Mercazolil
Endorm
Endorm is characterized by a pronounced dose-dependent effect on the functioning of the thyroid gland. Thanks to this, the drug can be used for hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, etc.
Regular use of the medicine, 1 capsule three times a day, activates the thyroid gland. The use of Endorm in double dosage has the opposite effect, which affects the decrease in the secretion of thyroid hormones.
If the prescribed dosages are followed, the likelihood of developing side effects is low.
What medications to take for an enlarged thyroid gland
Medicines for children
Treatment in children should be under medical supervision. Sometimes thyroid medication may be prohibited for use in children under 12 years of age, making it difficult to find the right medication.
For thyroid diseases in children, maintenance medications are most often used. These include dietary supplements and other products that have the ability to replenish iodine deficiency.
Children can drink:
- and etc.
If there is no positive effect from the therapy, hormonal agents are included in the course of treatment.
Hormonal drugs
To correct the lack of hormones in the human body, the use of thyroid hormones in tablets is indicated. The main representative is Eutirox. Release form - tablets containing 25, 50, 75, 88, 100, 112, 125, 137 and 150 mg active substance, which makes it possible to select the dosage for each patient.
In case of hyperfunction, Thiamazole, Mercazolil, and Potassium perchlorate are used to correct the disease. The drugs slow down the synthesis of thyroid-stimulating hormone, normalizing hormonal balance in the human body. This helps to improve the patient's well-being.
For disease prevention
In order to prevent thyroid diseases, as well as to normalize work endocrine organ use . These products are indicated for use during pregnancy and breastfeeding so that the woman’s body does not lack this substance. This will prevent the development of pathology not only in the mother, but also in the child.
When using vitamins for thyroid diseases, preference should be given to drugs containing a large number of Yoda. If a person takes Iodomarin, potassium iodide or others similar means, this must be taken into account when choosing multivitamin complex to prevent overdose.
Thyroid diseases. Dietary supplements for the thyroid gland. [Galina Erickson]
Thyroid depression. Medicines for the thyroid gland. Thyroid balance. ArtLife
To improve the functioning of the organ, you may need long-term use iodine preparations - up to 2-3 years. And if a person has a predisposition to thyroid diseases - throughout his life.
The thyroid gland is one of the most important representatives of the endocrine system. It produces hormones necessary for the smooth functioning of the entire body. The slightest changes or beginning pathological processes make themselves felt by certain symptoms that significantly affect a person’s quality of life.
One of the most common causes of thyroid diseases is iodine deficiency in the body. Iodine preparations for the thyroid gland are not only a medicine, but also a necessary prevention of diseases.
Iodine is an essential trace element, with the participation of which hormones are synthesized, in particular thyroxine. In case of insufficient intake of iodine into the body with water, air and food products, thyroid pathologies develop. In preventive and medicinal purposes Iodine preparations are prescribed to improve the functioning of the thyroid gland.
- Prevention and treatment of endemic goiter, especially in geographical areas with reduced iodine content in water and air.
- Prevention and treatment of non-toxic forms of goiter.
- Radioactive iodine is used to treat hyperthyroidism.
- To weaken the goitrogenic effect, microdoses of iodine are used.
However, it should be remembered that all medications should be prescribed by a doctor after a thorough examination, since side effects uncontrolled use may lead to negative consequences.
Like every medicine, iodine preparations have their own contraindications, which will be taken into account by a specialist when collecting anamnesis:
- pulmonary tuberculosis;
- chronic kidney disease;
- liver pathologies;
- idiosyncrasy;
- allergic reactions;
- pregnancy and lactation period.
Thyroid medications containing iodine may cause the following: adverse reactions, which are associated in most cases with individual iodine intolerance or drug overdose:
- inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose and mouth;
- sore throat caused by inflammation of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract;
- lacrimation, redness of the mucous membranes of the eyes, in acute cases– conjunctivitis;
- hives, a small itchy rash all over the body;
- Quincke's edema and some other manifestations may develop.
Only the attending physician can select the necessary iodine preparation and its dosage for the treatment of the thyroid gland. However, for preventive purposes, you should not use iodine-containing medications uncontrollably.
Drugs for the treatment of thyroid pathologies
Iodine preparations are not the only medicines for the thyroid gland. Indeed, in addition to endemic and non-toxic forms of goiter, there are many more diseases of the organ, for the treatment of which it is used medicinal method eliminating the causes and symptoms of pathology.
However, you should never self-medicate. After all, based on symptoms alone, correct diagnosis impossible. Need serious clinical researches. It is especially dangerous to take thyroid hormone medications uncontrollably. After all, their level can be both low and high. In the second case, taking such pills is fraught with consequences, and quite serious ones.
Hormonal agents
Which contain the synthetic hormone thyroxine, prescribed for (hormone deficiency).
The most common thyroid hormones in tablets:
- Euthyrox – recommended for (congenital deficiency), hypothyroidism, after removal malignant tumor. The effect of the drug is observed after 7-10 days, but there are a number of side effects: problems with cardiovascular system(rhythm disturbance), allergic manifestations, some other problems of an individual nature.
- L-thyroxine has more soft action and is indicated for the treatment of conditions caused by a lack of hormone production. However, it also has a number of contraindications - for example, it should not be taken during breastfeeding (there is a risk of penetration into mother's milk), if you have heart problems. The specialist must describe the dosage regimen and take into account compatibility with other drugs, since L-thyroxine cannot be combined with many medications.
Drugs for the treatment of the thyroid gland with increased production of hormones are prescribed for hyperthyroidism. Such tablets are included in the list of dangerous ones, as they suppress the function of the gland. Their intake should be strictly according to the schedule and with systematic monitoring of hormones.
- Thiamazole is a drug that should be taken only for the specified amount of time and in no case should you stop taking it abruptly. Unreasonably long use can lead to hypothyroidism, and sudden withdrawal can lead to a relapse of the disease in a more severe form.
- Propicil has significantly fewer contraindications and is prescribed even to pregnant and lactating women. Helps successfully fight such ailments as benign tumor thyroid glands and
A few words about cordarone
Cordarone is a medicine included in the list of cardiological drugs. With its help, problems with heart rhythm are eliminated. However, the drug may cause thyroid problems due to high content Yoda. That is why for many doctors and patients the very name Cordarone evokes negative emotions.
The fact is that cordarone in one tablet contains iodine in quantities that correspond to 500 daily norms for the body healthy person. (The iodine norm is 150-200 mcg.) However, it is not completely absorbed.
It should be noted that cordarone is prescribed quite often, since its effectiveness has been clinically proven. But while taking it, it is imperative to conduct additional regular tests on the production of thyroid hormones by the thyroid gland.
In the event of pathologies associated with taking the drug cordarone, it is not necessary to discontinue it. The doctor will assess all the risks and may prescribe medications that will normalize the functioning of the thyroid gland during cordarone therapy.
Companion drugs
The human body contains many microelements that interact with each other. Their norm depends largely on the content in environment and food products. One of these “companions” of iodine is selenium. It is selenium that the thyroid gland uses to help iodine be better absorbed by the body, protects against the action of free radicals and affects the synthesis of thyroxine in particular.
If the norm of selenium in the body is low, pathologies such as hypothyroidism and. You can compensate for the deficiency with the help of food and medications, one of which is Selenium-active.
For the treatment of the thyroid gland in women daily dose should be 55 mcg, and for men – 75 mcg. But with a large selenium deficiency, the norm should be increased. Also, patients with thyroid pathologies are concerned about the problem excess weight. Such manifestations are possible as a consequence of the disease itself, or as a result of taking certain medications.
No one can give clear recommendations for weight correction with the help of medications. For thyroid disease with reduced hormonal function, taking medications will lead to normalization of indicators. But to lose weight, you need to exercise, adjust your diet, and under no circumstances take a larger dose of thyroid hormones than prescribed by your doctor.
Treatment methods
Computer reflexology is a method that promises treatment of the thyroid gland without surgery. In addition, such “electric acupuncture” makes it possible to gradually reduce the dose of hormonal drugs. The impact is carried out without damaging the skin. Biologically active points stimulated by ultra-small electrical impulses.
Traditional medicine gives many tips and recipes that help saturate the body with iodine. One of the plants that can provide iodine and many other vitamins and microelements is feijoa.
- To treat iodine deficiency, you need to eat 250-300 grams. raw feijoa per day for 2-3 weeks. Then take a break.
- Mix feijoa (chopped) and sugar in equal quantities and leave until completely dissolved. Take 1 tbsp. twice a day for 10 days. Then a break of 10 days and the course can be repeated.
These are the most common and simple recipes Feijoa applications used for the synthesis of thyroid hormones in the required quantities.
Thyroglobulin - what is it?
Thyroglobulin is a special protein produced by the thyroid gland. It is stored in the follicles as a reserve substance for the synthesis of thyroid hormones and is used only when necessary. A very small amount is required. If thyroglobulin enters the blood in a higher concentration, then destruction of organ tissue occurs, which is characteristic of malignant processes. That is why thyroglobulin is used as tumor markers for various types malignant pathologies.
Thyroglobulin normally in the body should be in the range from 0 to 50 mg/l. Indicators above this norm indicate the presence of a serious pathology.
Afterwards, thyroglobulin should be completely absent. This is why this protein is monitored before and after surgery. Its presence after removal of the organ indicates the continuation of the malignant process.
Medications, traditional methods, hormone replacement and hormone suppressive therapy - methods conservative treatment pathologies of the thyroid gland. Timely appeal to a specialist and compliance with all instructions guarantees, if not a complete recovery, then an improvement in the patient’s condition.
Bibliography
- Grekova, T. Everything you didn’t know about the thyroid gland / T. Grekova, N. Meshcheryakova. - M.: Tsentrpoligraf, 2014. - 254 p.
- Danilova, N. A. Diseases of the thyroid gland. Effective methods treatment and prevention / N.A. Danilova. - M.: Vector, 2012. - 160 p.
- Dreval, A.V. Thyroid diseases and pregnancy / A.V. Dreval, T.P. Shestakova, O.A. Nechaeva. - L.: Medicine, 2007. - 625 p.
- Thyroid diseases in women reproductive age. Guide for doctors. - M.: GEOTAR-Media, 2013. - 487 p.
- Ivanova, V. Thyroid diseases and diabetes / V. Ivanova. - M.: Newspaper World, 2013. - 128 p.
⚕️Melikhova Olga Aleksandrovna - endocrinologist, 2 years of experience.
Deals with issues of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the endocrine system: thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, pituitary gland, gonads, parathyroid glands, thymus gland etc.