What to do if the baby has an allergy. Allergy in newborns

food allergy- a common disease among infants. After all, the body of babies only gets used to new living conditions and does not always accept new products. Interestingly, in the first two or three weeks, almost every baby has red spots on his face. The rash appears due to the mother's hormones, which the baby receives in the womb. However, such an allergy goes away on its own in the first month after birth and does not require treatment.

Food allergies are of a different nature and manifest themselves not only in the form of a rash. This reaction should be treated with special diet, in rare cases, with medicines. However, remember that only a doctor can prescribe drugs! Self-medication will only exacerbate the problem and lead to complications!

Allergy symptoms

To recognize a food allergy, you need to know what it looks like. Symptoms can be divided into three groups, each of which has certain signs.

In addition, infants may experience tearing and eye irritation. Keep in mind that respiratory and digestive symptoms may also be indicative of other problems. For example, a runny nose and cough are also symptoms of a cold, and a violation of the stool is poisoning. Symptoms can appear both together and separately.

When does a food allergy go away?

Many nursing mothers are worried about when the food allergy in the baby will pass. The defeat of the skin is manifested within 1-2 hours after contact with the irritant. The intestine reacts within two days after consuming the product. If you identify and eliminate the allergen from the diet immediately, the rash and spots will disappear in a few hours. But the symptoms associated with the work of the gastrointestinal tract will not go away immediately. As a rule, the consequences will bother the baby for another one to three weeks.

There are several factors that affect when a baby's food allergy goes away:

A portion of the allergen that has entered the body of the baby;
How quickly the allergenic product is eliminated from the diet;
How effective and correctly selected treatment;
The state of the immune system. How stronger immunity the baby, the will pass faster allergic reaction.

Food allergies occur in children under two years of age. Most often, this is a reaction to eggs and cow's milk, colored vegetables. By the age of three or four, more than 90% of children are allergic to such products on their own. But allergies to seafood, fish and peanuts often remain until the end of life. Therefore, doctors do not recommend introducing such food into the diet of a nursing mother in the first 8-10 months of lactation and giving complementary foods to children under two years of age.

How to help a baby

Start treatment with exclusion allergenic product from the menu and drawing up a suitable diet for mom. Often, a negative reaction in infants occurs on protein, cow's milk, chicken eggs and colored vegetables. In this case, a hypoallergenic diet will help, the principles of which can be read.

When it is impossible to determine what kind of food the baby has a negative reaction to, all potential allergens are removed from the diet for two weeks. Then the products are gradually introduced into the menu one by one no more than in two or three days.

Sometimes a child is given drug treatment. Drugs are prescribed only by a doctor! Enterosgel is used to relieve skin itching, spots and rashes. This is a safe for babies paste that removes toxins and cleanses the body. From one month you can apply Fenistil gel. However, it is not suitable for large and inflamed skin areas.

To relieve tearing and eye irritation for babies at the age of one month, Zirtek drops are prescribed, after six months - Fenistil drops. Note that the latter cause a strong side effect. If there is a violation in the work of digestion, you can take activated charcoal.

It is not recommended to give children Suprastin, Tavegil and other potent antihistamines. They quickly and effectively relieve an allergic reaction, but the effect of such funds passes very quickly. Frequent use of such tablets causes a strong side reaction, including disruption in work nerve cells, dizziness and lack of coordination, lethargy.

Most often, an allergic reaction is caused by food, which includes protein. These are cow's milk, chocolate and milk porridge. Also high risk allergies are mushrooms and nuts, some varieties of fish, chicken and chicken eggs, citrus fruits, foods bright colors, semolina.

To relieve allergy symptoms, foods that are not recommended by pediatricians are excluded from the diet. Let's take a closer look at what can and cannot be eaten by a nursing mother with an allergy in a baby.

Can:

Curd without additives;
Kefir;
natural yogurt;
hard cheese;
Buckwheat, corn and oatmeal on the water;
Fruits and vegetables of light colors (zucchini, potatoes, apples, broccoli, etc.);
Lean beef and turkey fillet;
Fish low-fat varieties(perch, cod and hake);
Vegetable and butter;
Compotes, fruit drinks, green tea and drinking water;
Soups and broths.

It is forbidden:

Mushrooms and nuts;
Soft varieties of cheese;
Milk porridge;
Honey, chocolate and other sweets;
Seafood and caviar;
Fatty fish;
Fruits, berries and vegetables of bright colors (tomatoes, bell peppers, strawberries, etc.);
Citrus fruits (lemons, oranges, kiwi, etc.);
Pickles and marinades;
Cocoa and coffee;
Radish and radish, onion and garlic;
Pickles and marinades;
Products with preservatives and dyes;
Fast food and semi-finished products;
Various sauces and spices, spicy seasonings;
Carbonated drinks, kvass and alcohol

With limitation:

Whole cow's milk;
Sour cream;
Pasta;
Chicken meat, pork and rabbit;
Bakery products;
Salt and sugar;
Raw vegetables;
Freshly squeezed juices, half diluted with water;
Semolina;
Chicken eggs (in case of allergy to protein, replace with quail eggs);
Black tea.

8 Ways to Avoid Food Allergies

In the first month of lactation, observe hypoallergenic diet. If one of the parents has an allergy, increase the period to two to three months. This disease is often inherited. Moreover, an allergy in a baby can be completely different product than that of mom or dad;
When the newborn's body adapts to new conditions, gradually introduce new foods into the diet. Do not try several products at once! It is important to know what kind of food the baby is allergic to when a negative reaction occurs;
For the first time, try a small portion and monitor the well-being of the baby for two days. In case of a negative reaction, exclude the product from the diet for at least a month! After four weeks, you can try again the introduction;
Keep breastfeeding as long as possible. Mom's milk the best prevention allergies and other diseases! It contains the necessary substances and elements for the full development of the child to the fullest. In addition, breast milk forms and strengthens the immune system, prevents the development of the disease and is most suitable for the digestion of the baby;
With mixed or artificial feeding choose the right mix! It must not contain cow protein and should be as suitable as possible for the baby in terms of age and specific development. If the baby has an allergy, change the mixture;
Start the first complementary foods no earlier than six months after birth. First of all, babies are given vegetable purees. For the preparation of the first adult dishes, zucchini and broccoli are taken. These are the safest vegetables for babies. Dr. Komarovsky advises giving cottage cheese and kefir as the first complementary foods, as the products resemble breast milk in composition. Keep in mind that every child is different. Try different dishes and see what your baby likes. Read more about the rules for the first feeding;
Many babies are allergic to porridge if it is cooked in milk. In the first 3-4 months, pediatricians recommend that nursing mothers eat porridge only on water. Then the water can be diluted with milk, gradually increasing the dose of the latter. Komarovsky does not advise at all to use breastfeeding cow's milk for the first six months. At the first feeding, also give the baby porridge on the water. Exclude semolina from the menu, as it contains allergenic gluten. Milk porridge and semolina can be given to children from one year old;
Lead healthy lifestyle life with a child. Do gymnastics for children and walk more often in the fresh air. And it will harden the body, strengthen the immune system and avoid diseases.

The list of allowed foods for breastfeeding is very limited. However, even from such a small number of ingredients, it is possible to prepare delicious food. The recipes in the article “

Do not forget that babies have allergies not only to food. Dust, cosmetics, medicines, wool, etc. cause a negative reaction. It is important to provide a hypoallergenic life for the baby. Do not keep animals and flowers at home, spend daily wet cleaning, use hypoallergenic powders, soaps and other household chemicals and hygiene products. Use bedding and clothes made from natural materials, take pillows and blankets with a safe filler, because feathers also cause allergies.

Often, uncharacteristic rashes, skin irritations, etc. appear on the face or body of a newborn baby. And very often, allergies are to blame. Young children are especially susceptible to such reactions, the immune system which are still imperfect.

In this regard, allergies in a newborn baby can be especially difficult and have a lot of negative consequences. Therefore, it is so important for parents to identify the problem in time and begin its treatment.

What is an allergy

An allergy is a protective reaction of the body to any irritants (cosmetics, food, dust, etc.), as a result of which immunoglobulin E begins to be produced. When combined with an allergen, this protein causes the appearance of various allergic reactions that can manifest as a rash, indigestion and other unpleasant symptoms.

Irritation can appear not only on the face, but also on the scalp and other places. Outwardly, it might look like small rash, red and flaky areas on the skin that appear immediately after eating or occur after a certain time after contact with an allergen substance. At the same time, the baby may suffer from itching, his skin becomes dry and tight, and the baby itself becomes restless.

Why there is an allergy in the baby

An allergy in a newborn on the face, the photo of which you see, may have a food or non-food nature of occurrence. At the same time, not the last role in its appearance is played by hereditary factor. And if someone in the family suffers chronic runny nose, bronchial asthma or other allergic manifestations, it is not surprising if the baby's cheeks turn red one day.

In addition, on the appearance allergic reaction affect the state of the immune system of the newborn and the time when breastfeeding was started.

food allergy

Very often, the protein that is part of breast milk or ready-made mixtures becomes an allergen for babies. The reaction to it is skin rashes, pain in the abdomen, nasal congestion, spasm of the respiratory tract, impaired stool and frequent regurgitation. In such cases, the reason is:

The diet of a nursing mother, in which food allergens are present (what can you eat while breastfeeding? Read the article: Nutrition during breastfeeding >>>);
Milk formulas that contain protein, cereals or lactulose. Before giving your baby a new formula, do an allergy test;
Wrong diet of mother during pregnancy. Also, food allergies in newborns are the result of mom smoking or some diseases she has suffered while waiting for the baby.

contact allergy

organism small child may react negatively to contact with household chemicals, cosmetics, plant pollen or animal hair. Among the main causes of contact allergies are:

Dust, household mites or bed bugs;
Some indoor plants;
Pets, even if they lack fur or feathers;
Household chemicals (means with which mom washes dishes, washing powder, etc.);
Cosmetics, including those used by the parents of the baby.

Other causes of allergies

Allergies in a newborn during breastfeeding can also appear due to:

hereditary predisposition;
Vaccines, which may contain substances that can cause such a reaction;
Late initiation of breastfeeding. This is due to the fact that dysbacteriosis is a provoking factor in the occurrence of allergic reactions. The intestines of a newborn are sterile, and its colonization with beneficial microorganisms occurs during feeding. In children who receive artificial mixtures instead of mother's milk, this process may be disrupted;

Know! Approximately 75% of children are very sensitive to the protein contained in cow's milk, therefore, they may also have a negative reaction to the mixture.

Taking medications, especially antibiotics. Many babies suffer from colic in the first months of life, so mothers, trying to help them, give their children various medications(what can and what should not be given to babies, find out from the article Cure for colic in newborns >>>). But it turns out that even an allergy to dill water in newborns is possible.

Colic is the greatest anxiety in a child. He cries for hours, his stomach is hard, his face is red from constant voltage crying. Pharmacy funds little help in the fight against colic.

The best and safest "treatment" for a baby with abdominal pain is maternal care. How to safely help a child, without the use of drugs, see the Soft Tummy online course >>>

How to recognize an allergy

To recognize an allergy and start treating it in time, you need to know how allergies manifest in newborns. Its main features include:

Damage to the skin. It could be various rashes, dryness, peeling, swelling. They usually appear in the face, neck, buttocks, inguinal and popliteal folds. At the same time, the degree of severity can be very different: from slight dryness of the skin to the appearance of weeping wounds;
Indigestion. Allergic children, after feeding, may experience profuse regurgitation, colic, constipation, or, conversely, diarrhea. As a rule, this is how a food allergy manifests itself;
Respiratory manifestations are the result of a reaction to an allergen that is in the air (dust, animal hair, pollen). At the same time, the larynx and nasopharynx swell in the baby, it is difficult for him to breathe through his nose, lacrimation and cough occur. Very often, mothers confuse such symptoms with common cold, however, in case of allergies, the body temperature of the newborn will not rise;
Anxiety. A newborn baby cannot yet complain to you that something is bothering him. But, you can note that he began to sleep poorly, is constantly naughty and shows anxiety.

What does an allergy look like in a newborn baby?

First of all, the cheeks become red, the skin begins to peel off on the chin or forehead. This can be seen as independent symptom or occur against the background of disruption of the digestive tract. In such cases, it is important to identify the factor that provoked the allergic reaction and eliminate it. Usually, this is enough to save the baby from discomfort.

Attention! Antihistamines should be used only in the most difficult cases.

There is one more thing to note here. important point- a rash in a child can occur not only as a result of allergies. In the same way, prickly heat or normal flowering in a baby can manifest itself.

How to distinguish allergies from flowering in newborns? During flowering skin the baby turns bright red. Pimples that appear at the same time may have an aqueous liquid inside. This is due to incorrect operation. sebaceous glands. All manifestations of flowering are described in the article posted on our website: Flowering in a newborn >>>;
Prickly heat appears in those places where the baby's body comes into contact with clothing or in the area of \u200b\u200bfolds on the skin. Pimples in this case big size and do not contain liquid. Read more about this phenomenon in the article Prickly heat in a newborn >>>.

A rash, in case of an allergy, can appear absolutely anywhere, and in those places where it has contact with clothing, even suppuration is possible. Such pimples are very itchy, which causes discomfort to the baby.

If it’s difficult for you to figure it out on your own, then watch a seminar on the nutrition of a nursing mother, where we step by step analyze various rashes on the baby’s skin. You will be able to correctly determine the cause of the rash and quickly eliminate anxiety in the baby. The course is available at the link: Feeding a nursing mother without harm to the baby >>>

What should mom do

Faced with such a problem, any mother will ask herself the question: “What should I do if the newborn has an allergy”? It is important to know that treatment should be comprehensive and include several factors at once.

Elimination of the allergen

This part of therapy is called the most difficult, and here you have to try hard. Where to look for what provoked an allergic reaction of the crumbs? First of all, check:

Baby nutrition. In most cases, babies suffer from food allergies, regardless of what kind of feeding they are on;

If an allergy occurs in a breastfed baby, the mother should completely reconsider her diet;
For an artificial baby, you need to pay attention to the composition of the mixture that he eats. If it contains components cow's milk, lactulose or soy, then, most likely, the reason lies precisely in them. Try giving your baby a different formula that does not contain these ingredients.

Mom's food

If there is a suspicion that the baby is not digesting lactose, discard whole milk;
If an allergic reaction to gluten occurs, mom should not eat pasta, semolina or wheat porridge, oatmeal, pastries;
In addition, if a newborn has an allergy on his face, you should give up fish, eggs, honey, cocoa, bright vegetables and fruits;
At the same time, a nursing mother is allowed to eat low-fat broths, dietary meat.

Early food. For children who are prone to allergic reactions, you can start introducing complementary foods no earlier than 7 months. At the same time, you can start doing this with hypoallergenic vegetables and gluten-free cereals;
Breastfeeding. In artificial people, who are more prone to overeating, allergies are observed much more often, since the mixture is more high-calorie and is processed for a long time, loading the digestive tract;
Compliance drinking regime. If the crumbs have a fluid deficiency in the body, then any toxins that have entered his body will not be able to be excreted with urine and will begin to poison him. Therefore, it is important to properly breastfeed your baby, observing all the rules of breastfeeding. How to do this, I explain in detail in the course Breastfeeding Secrets >>>;
Water. Surely, you were told back in the hospital that you can only bathe a baby in boiled water. This is because untreated tap water can cause contact dermatitis. Read the article: In what water should a newborn baby be bathed?>>>;
Toys. It is important to buy your child only high-quality toys that have all the necessary certificates confirming their safety;
Hygiene products. Bathe your newborn with soap or use other hygiene products no more than once a week. Moreover, all of them must be certified;
Household chemicals. Do not wash children's clothes with powder for adults. For this, there are special children's detergents;
Clothing. When choosing a wardrobe for a baby, it is important to give preference to clothes made from natural fabrics, for which bright dyes were not used. This is especially true for those things that have direct contact with children's skin.

Prompt bowel movement

It is very important to monitor the stool of a newborn. If you notice your child's tendency to become constipated, you should definitely start to analyze your breastfeeding process. It is possible that the child is not getting enough nutrition, or some product in your diet has such a strengthening effect on the baby;

The same applies to the mother, since if the bowel is not emptied in time, toxins can enter breast milk.

Creation of comfortable conditions

In the room where the newborn is located, there must be comfortable conditions(air temperature within 18-20 degrees and humidity 50-70%). If the room is hot, the baby begins to sweat actively. At the same time, substances are released that can irritate delicate baby skin;
Also, the room should be clean. So that the dust does not lead to an allergic reaction, it is important to carry out wet cleaning daily, remove various carpets and curtains that can collect dust.

Medication use

In most cases, it is enough to eliminate the factors that provoke an allergy in order to save the baby from its manifestations. The use of drugs is usually relegated to the background. This is due to the fact that they can only eliminate the main symptoms without getting rid of main reason. In addition, an allergy can occur in a child to the medications themselves.

Knowing how an allergy manifests itself in a baby, the pediatrician may recommend the use of such drugs:

Sorbents are drugs that are absolutely safe for the child's body. Their main function is to cleanse the body of the crumbs from toxins and eliminate constipation;
Antihistamines are essential for symptomatic treatment main manifestations of the disease. For babies, only those drugs that do not have a sedative effect are suitable;
Allergy cream for newborns is used for local treatment. Usually prescribed non-hormonal drugs, which have a wound healing, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect, eliminate itching and relieve swelling;
If no other drugs have given the desired effect, the baby may be prescribed hormonal ointments. They give a quick effect, but can only be used as prescribed by the attending physician.

Prevention

To avoid the appearance of allergies in an infant, it is important to start observing prevention from the first days of his life. For this you need:

For some time, carefully monitor your diet while breastfeeding;
Starting from the second month, it is allowed to introduce new products into the mother's diet, but in small portions, with constant monitoring of the condition of the baby;
For a nursing mother, at any stage of feeding, it is important to avoid eating foods that can cause an allergic reaction;
Maintain breastfeeding for as long as possible;
Daily carry out wet cleaning in the apartment, minimize the contact of the baby with animals and flowering plants;
Do not take any medications unless absolutely necessary.

Despite the care of the baby, careful care of the baby, allergies often appear in newborns during breastfeeding. "What to do?" - ask young mothers, in a panic examining the red spots, crusts, itchy rashes in the baby.

Reasons for the development of pathology

Most often, infants have food allergies. Diathesis, red crusts on the cheeks, itching, swelling of tissues is the reaction of a tiny organism to certain kind food.

Provoking factors:

use by a nursing mother during pregnancy / during lactation of products with a high allergization index;
introduction of complementary foods ahead of time, use of mixtures and meals with a high sugar content, components that cause satiety, but do not positive impact to a growing organism. Provoke allergies ignorance of the rules of complementary foods, feeding the baby from the common table;
hereditary predisposition. If one of the parents suffered from a food allergy, choose your complementary foods more carefully, follow a special diet for nursing mothers.

Other causes of allergic reactions in infants:

taking potent drugs (antibiotics, glucocorticosteroids);
synthetic clothing;
reaction to the new kind cream, washing powder, bathing gel;
mosquito bites, stinging insects;
plant pollen, pet hair;
insufficient care for the genital area.

Signs and symptoms

What does allergy look like in newborns? The main signs of pathology are easy to recognize. The severity of the negative reaction depends on the duration of contact with the irritant, the state of the immune system.

Typical allergy symptoms:

rashes different nature: rash, larger and smaller red spots, crusts, redness of the skin;
swelling of tissues, swelling of the face, eyelids, lips, cheeks, mucous membranes;
digestive problems. Allergic reactions are often accompanied by diarrhea, pain in the intestines, stomach, and bloating. With a severe degree of damage, a high concentration of the allergen, appetite disappears, general weakness, drowsiness appear;
in some forms of allergies, an incessant runny nose, lacrimation, sneezing develops, the eyes turn red, and the eyelids swell.

Information for parents! The heaviest form negative reactions on food and other irritants - Quincke's edema (second name - giant urticaria). In addition to rashes, large spots, swelling of various areas appears. The greatest danger is bronchospasm, the risk of suffocation due to swelling of the larynx, nasopharynx and internal organs. If angioedema occurs, give the baby an antihistamine in the form of drops or syrup, immediately call " ambulance».

A selection of effective treatments

At the first signs of allergic reactions in babies, contact your pediatrician and allergist. It is important to understand what factor caused negative manifestations.

Pay attention to the following questions and answers:

Is the baby getting nothing but breast milk? The issue is most likely malnutrition mothers.
Allergy developed after illness? Perhaps the cause was antibiotics or other drugs.
Irritation appeared in places of contact with clothing? Think about whether you have used a new washing powder, check the quality of blouses or slips. Perhaps you bought children's clothes from low-quality material with aggressive dyes.
Redness, crusting, rashes of red, pink, or bright orange color located on the cheeks, chin, elbows, knees, itchy a lot? Surely the baby has diathesis - an allergic reaction to inappropriate food.
Puffiness, swelling, itching appeared after a walk? Examine the tiny body: perhaps a pronounced reaction was caused by mosquito bites.
The baby sneezes, tears flow, a tiny nose, eyelids, conjunctiva of the eyes turned red? Is there clear liquid coming out of the nasal passages? Probably developing an allergy to plant pollen. Another reason is house dust. If a fluffy pet lives at home, think, maybe you didn’t clean the wool well, rarely wiped the floor? Scales of dead skin in cats accumulate, dry out, fall to the floor, provoke allergies in infants.

General rules

When identifying negative reactions, act wisely:

think about what irritant caused the allergy. If you have eaten a prohibited food, drink more water, take a permitted sorbent to quickly remove toxins from the body;
stop contact with the allergen, check if there is a mosquito, bee, midge bite on the child’s body;
if a small organism reacted violently to a new type of complementary foods, stop feeding the baby, limit yourself to breast milk only. Wait about a month for the body to fully recover, start complementary foods with another, softer product.

Take off negative symptoms the following steps will help:

Give the baby an age-appropriate antihistamine. For children up to a year old, Fenistil drops are suitable (after 1 month). Babies after 1 year old give Zyrtec syrup, Zodak drops or Cetirizine;
for severe rashes, lubricate problem areas with Fenistil-gel, Bepanten. With pronounced signs, the drug Advantan is recommended;
relieve stress nervous system, quickly cleanse the body will help calcium chloride, Diphenhydramine. These drugs are administered by a doctor;
with severe swelling, give the child a diuretic (Furosemide, lingonberry / bearberry decoction). If the baby has previously had allergies, check with the doctor which decoctions are suitable at an early age;
provide access fresh air, remove tight clothing, put on a light blouse that does not restrict movement and breathing;
show the baby to a pediatrician and an allergist, strictly follow the recommendations of doctors. Do not self-medicate, listen less to "omniscient" neighbors;
with pronounced symptoms, the development of angioedema, immediately call an ambulance. If you suspect Quincke's edema, a team of doctors will arrive immediately.

Folk remedies and recipes

Proven home methods will help to alleviate the condition of the baby, reduce itching, relieve swelling. Most of the components are always in the kitchen or in the first aid kit.

Relieve itching, reduce swelling, redness will help:

soothing baths for itchy skin with a decoction of string, chamomile;
applying the same decoctions with a mild anti-inflammatory effect to the face;
decoctions of lemon balm, mint, valerian root will reduce irritability, improve sleep;
nettle decoction will cleanse the blood of toxins;
cool gauze compress with chamomile/string tea for swollen areas.

Important! Always consider the age of a small allergic person. Not all herbal decoctions approved for use at the age of 5-6 months. Specify whether the selected folk recipes, pediatrician or allergist. When in doubt, use string and chamomile: these medicinal plants suitable for bathing newborns from the first month of life.

Therapeutic diet

If a food allergy is detected in a baby, a nursing mother should reconsider her diet. We'll have to be patient, give up some products for the sake of the health of the baby. Without proper nutrition it is impossible to get rid of allergies to certain foods.

Non-compliance with the recommendations, neglect of the advice of doctors often provokes the development chronic form diathesis. Rashes, redness, itching make the baby suffer, and the mother nervous. Often due to the complexity psychological state the amount of breast milk decreases.

Make a diet taking into account the degree of allergenicity various products. Notice the three categories. Choose items from the first list, use products of the second category rarely, in small quantities, watch the baby's reaction. Hold off using items from the third list until you stop breastfeeding.

lean dairy products;
turkey meat;
broccoli;
zucchini;
yellow varieties of plums;
white and cauliflower;
lean pork;
parsley dill;
white and yellow cherries;
cucumbers;
turkey;
green varieties of apples, pears.

On the page, read about the benefits and use of an ultrasonic inhaler for cough and runny nose.

bananas;
legumes;
potato;
buckwheat;
cherries;
black currant;
oatmeal;
lean beef.

Advice! Be sure to soak cereals, potatoes for 1-2 hours: this will reduce the risk of allergic reactions in babies.

fatty cow's milk;
citrus;
chocolate;
sea fish;
coffee;
cocoa;
strawberry;
carrot;
raspberry;
nuts;
seafood;
eggs;
Red caviar;
processed cheese;
wheat;
tomatoes;
products with dyes, synthetic additives, semi-finished products.

When planning a pregnancy, while waiting for a baby, after childbirth, follow simple rules:

give up smoking, any alcoholic beverages;
eat foods that reduce the risk of allergic reactions. Once again, look at the section on "useful and harmful" products. Remember: the main type of negative reactions is food allergies in children under one year old;
spicy, salted dishes, sweet soda with dyes, fast food, semi-finished products, concentrates are prohibited;
more dishes and foods rich in vitamins, microelements, biologically active substances. Useful fruits, vegetables (except red and orange), leafy greens, porridge, bran, cereal crops. Eat vegetable soups, low-fat dairy products, diluted juices (except citrus and red / orange). Future mom be sure to eat fish, liver, boiled beef, eat eggs 1-2 times a week;
wear clothes made from natural fabrics, use hypoallergenic cosmetics for mom and baby;
less exposure to hazardous chemicals, replace traditional household chemicals at home with natural cleaners, or natural compounds well-known brands with proven non-toxic effects, such as Amway;
wash baby clothes, bedding, diapers with hypoallergenic powders. The best option is eco-friendly biodegradable detergents for washing children's things;
prohibit smoking in the house, ventilate the room more often, stay with the baby away from places where there is tobacco smoke;
use medicines only as prescribed by your doctor. Uncontrolled intake of pills and syrups (by a nursing mother and baby) is one of the causes of allergies in infants;
introduce complementary foods according to the timing. Do not feed your baby with “adult” food ahead of time: a weak ventricle and intestines cannot cope with coarse fibers, the balance of microflora is disturbed, and dysbacteriosis develops. One of the consequences is a decrease in immune defense, an increase in the sensitization of the body. With excessive sensitivity to various stimuli, the risk of negative reactions increases several times: remember this.

Allergies in infants are common. Listen to the recommendations of pediatricians, consider your diet while breastfeeding. Familiarize yourself with other causes of a vivid reaction to a stimulus, except food allergens. With the observance of preventive measures, the risk of allergic reactions in babies will markedly decrease.

Next is a video about the causes of allergies in infants and methods of dealing with pathology:

Often, parents are unaware that real reason cough, rash or abdominal pain in a child - an allergy. They blame it on colds, colic, infantile skin rashes (mils, or newborn acne), or simply the child's difficult nature. Of course, most often the cause of such symptoms (especially if they pass quickly) are infectious diseases. But if the symptoms recur again and again, it's time to think about allergies.

Allergy in newborns

The cause of an allergic reaction is the response of the child's immune system. It is programmed to protect the body, but sometimes reacts to a harmless substance (for example, pollen, dust, food) as if it were a threat. In order to protect the immune system begins to produce special protein compounds, or antibodies. When they come into contact with a substance that the immune system considers dangerous, the antibodies release powerful chemicals called neurotransmitters: histamines, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes. And already those, in turn, affect the glands, capillaries and smooth muscles of the organs, causing a person to experience allergic symptoms.
Allergies are very common, and the predisposition to its occurrence, according to research, is hereditary. However, sensitivity to certain substance is not passed from parents to children.

How does allergy manifest itself in infants and infants?

Allergy symptoms often involve different systems organism, and the picture as a whole may seem contradictory. To determine whether it is an allergy, you can follow the following patterns:
Allergic reactions do not depend on the time of year (exception - hay fever, but, as a rule, babies are not susceptible to it). Allergy symptoms are observed some time (from a couple of minutes to several hours) after the child has eaten food or some time after he has come into contact with an irritant.

Allergies can affect the following systems body:

upper respiratory tract. A runny nose, along with nasal discharge, usually indicates a cold. However, permanent watery discharge may be a sign of an allergy. Severe upper respiratory tract injury after allergen exposure, or anaphylactic shock, fortunately, is rare. In this condition, the child cannot swallow or even breathe. In this case, you should immediately call an ambulance.

lower respiratory tract. Cough, hoarse breathing usual signs viral disease in children. The airways of infants are very sensitive, and when their surface becomes inflamed under the influence of the disease, children may begin to cough and wheeze. Sometimes coughing and wheezing are the result of asthma.

Allergic children often catch respiratory viruses and for a long time cannot get rid of the cough. As a result of exposure to allergens or viruses inner surface The airways of the child become inflamed, their walls swell, which leads to a dry, hysterical cough and sometimes difficulty breathing.

The whistling sound made by the child in the process of breathing - danger sign. Parents should examine the child, and if he sucks in air with noise, flares his nostrils, whistles when inhaling or exhaling, you should immediately show the baby to the doctor.

Eyes. Inflamed red eyes, conjunctivitis, and swelling of the eyelids are a condition that is caused by both a virus and an allergy. Children worry, rub their eyes, cry, dark circles appear under their eyes.

Gastrointestinal tract. Viral diseases can cause vomiting in a child, diarrhea (in infants with her, the stool is more loose, watery and larger than usual), constipation, dyspepsia, increased gas formation, poor absorption nutrients(which can lead to weight loss) and colitis. However, such symptoms are also characteristic of allergies. The allergy itself may not even be a food allergy: children who are allergic to substances from the environment may develop gastric diseases as a result of ingestion of sputum, which leads to irritation of the gastric mucosa.

Leather. An allergy in a baby is manifested, including a rash on the cheeks and body, peeling of the skin, diaper rash, itching. Allergy symptoms should be distinguished from ordinary diaper dermatitis (when a child rarely changes a diaper) or skin irritation from fasteners, Velcro, or inappropriate textile material that are uncomfortable for the child.

Behavior. The well-being of the child is reflected in his behavior. A child who does not feel well, eats little, sleeps poorly, behaves restlessly due to abdominal pain, itching, stuffy nose.

Allergy in an infant on the face while breastfeeding

Allergic substances are excreted from the body in three ways - through the urinary system, the respiratory system or through the skin. In the latter case, irritants can cause an allergic reaction or rash. They are of the following types:

Eczema. It is most common in breastfed newborns if one or both parents suffered from allergies. First, redness of the skin appears on the face, scalp, torso, and in older children it can occur in the folds of the skin, on the bend of the elbow and under the knees. Formations with eczema are red, covered with crusts or scales, sometimes weeping.

Allergic dermatitis, urticaria. classical allergic rash- a lot of small convex formations on the face and body of a person - occurs infrequently in infants. It is usually smaller than in older children or adults. First, a rash in a baby appears on the face, and then it can gradually move to the neck and body. Rashes, skin rash can be either red (if the irritant has entered the body with food, drugs, by inhalation) or white (if allergic to milk).

contact dermatitis. This is an allergic rash caused by a reaction to soap, detergent, irritating skin baby woolen clothes, plants with poisonous juice and other substances that have come into contact with the baby's skin.

How to Relieve the Symptoms of a Non-Food Allergy

There is no cure for allergies, but you can try to relieve the symptoms. If the baby suffers from allergies, the first step is to reduce the contact of the child with the irritant to a minimum. Allergies usually increase if the exposure to allergens on the body remains at the same level. If the parents can keep the baby away from irritants for at least six months, chances are that the baby's allergies will go away after a while and his body will "forget" about the allergens.

However, determining the cause of an allergy is not so easy. For babies older than two months, allergy testing, or skin tests for allergies, can be tried. However, their results are difficult to interpret correctly because the child's immune system is still immature. In this case, it can help if parents start keeping a diary. There you need to record the time of manifestation of allergy symptoms in a child, how they are expressed, what events preceded this. Thus, after a while, it is possible to identify the cause of the allergy - it can be either a detergent, a pet, a piece of clothing or furniture, or a type of food, medicine, and so on.

Till exact reason allergies is not clear, parents can try to take the following measures precautions:

Use dust covers for mattresses and pillows.
Try to remove the pet from the house for a week.
Replace pillows or blankets with animal materials (wool, feathers) with synthetic ones.
Switch to hypoallergenic laundry detergent.
Do a wet cleaning of the apartment more often.

Medications for the treatment of allergies

After identifying the cause of the allergy, the doctor may prescribe the following drugs to the child:

Antihistamines, usually second generation (eg Zyrtec).
Non-hormonal medicinal ointments and creams that relieve inflammation and itching and have a healing effect.
In more severe cases, the doctor may prescribe hormonal ointments. After them, you need to lubricate the skin of the child with a moisturizer.
With moderate skin irritations, ointments, creams and herbal infusions (for example, chamomile) can be used, which have anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.
If an allergic reaction can threaten the life of a child, you must immediately give him an antihistamine (for example, suprastin) and call an ambulance.

It is not recommended to treat a child's rash on their own - for example, lubricate redness with iodine, brilliant green and other drugs that color the skin. This can lead to difficulties in making a diagnosis by a doctor. Also, do not squeeze or open acne and blisters, wipe the skin of the baby with lotions or alcohol-containing substances.

Food allergies in infants and breastfeeding

Breastfeeding protects against allergies for two reasons. First, and most obviously, breastfed babies are exposed to fewer food allergens. Infant diets do not include cow protein or soy products; the less of these products a child consumes, the lower the chances that they will subsequently develop an allergy. According to studies, the earlier a food is introduced into the diet, the more likely that in the future it can cause allergies.

Another reason has to do with the development of the immune system. At birth, the baby's immune system is not fully functional. Before birth, the mother passes on her antibodies to the baby, which forms a protective system in the child. 1 month after birth, the baby's body begins to produce its own antibodies. And by six months, the baby has a fully functional, albeit immature, immune system capable of acting as the first line of defense against enemies.

Therefore, it is recommended that you breastfeed your baby for at least six months. With artificial feeding, you can use a hypoallergenic formula for feeding. The protein in such artificial mixtures is so processed that it is practically not recognized by the immune system.

But not everything is so rosy. Sometimes it happens that the food that the mother ate, through breast milk enters the body of the child and causes allergies. A mother can determine which foods contribute to an allergic reaction in a baby by keeping a diary. There you can record when the mother ate, what exactly she ate, how the child then reacted to her milk, whether he began to worry and whimper after eating. Usually, the manifestation of the first symptoms of an allergy takes from four hours to a day after feeding, but if the allergy is strong, then the reaction happens in just a couple of minutes.

When the cause of the child's allergies is identified, the mother is advised to develop a diet that excludes all suspicious foods. If after the introduction of the regimen the baby feels better, for control test it is recommended to eat some forbidden food after some time and see how the child reacts to it. If the reaction is negative, the product must either be greatly reduced or not consumed at all for a long time. As a rule, the condition of babies improves significantly in the first week after the mother stops eating allergy-causing foods. True, it takes at least two weeks for the disappearance of all symptoms, and sometimes even more.

Of course, dieting for the mother is unpleasant, but not everything is so sad. When alternating foods (when a certain time passes between meals to which the baby is allergic), the mother can even consume “forbidden” foods. With a period of 3 to 7 days, the eaten product is completely removed from the mother's body, which helps prevent the accumulation allergic symptoms The child has. But the stronger the reaction of the child to the food eaten by the mother, the longer she must wait. To accurately determine the required time interval is possible only empirically.

Interestingly, often the food to which the baby reacts negatively has a bad effect on the mother herself. She may not even be aware of it until during forced diet will not feel empowered. Ironically, foods that form the basis of a family's diet often fall into this category.

Babies are especially gentle creatures that have recently come into this world. Their body is quite difficult to cope with external factors. For children with strong immunity, many problems are not terrible at all. Although, such a thing as an allergy in a baby happens quite often. It is very important at the first stage to highlight the reason for which it manifested itself and what are its main irritants. If the initial problem lies in the diet of a nursing mother and the introduction of new products, then this is not at all scary, as well as the reaction to complementary foods. If the allergy in the baby is hereditary, then it will have to be dealt with for a long time and thoroughly. Often, the likelihood of an allergic child is calculated even before he is born. To do this, just fill out a questionnaire. If one parent is predisposed to allergies, the risk of automatic transmission similar condition is approximately 30-40%, and if allergic reactions are characteristic of both parents, then the probability of similar allergies for the child is 90% and most likely the baby may develop atopic dermatitis. In any case, everything is purely individual and why an allergy appeared in a baby remains to be found out.

A distortion of the truth will not be the assertion that food allergies in infants occur in 95 cases out of 100. It can appear on various products, both consumed independently and together with mother's milk. Therefore, pediatricians urge breastfeeding mothers to take responsibility for their diet and gradually introduce foods into their diet. Of course, the abundance of vegetables and fruits for a nursing mother is very useful. Only at the same time it is very problematic to keep track of what caused the rashes on the cheeks or legs. Some of the most common allergens that cause protein allergies include:

almost all vegetables and fruits are red and orange: oranges, tomatoes, carrots, grapes, pomegranates, beets and much more;
red fish and caviar;
nuts, especially peanuts;
sweets;
carbonated drinks with dyes.

In principle, the products that cause food allergies in infants can be easily replaced and abandoned for a while. It is not at all necessary to keep yourself in "hedgehog gloves" and refuse to consume vegetables and fruits. Everything is good in moderation. And the body of a nursing mother needs proper and tasty nutrition. And for zealous mothers who uncontrollably consume only boiled chicken meat, after severe attacks pain occurring in gastrointestinal tract, it becomes clear that they got very excited and brought their body to exhaustion.

After the introduction of complementary foods, food allergies in infants are also not uncommon. Them developing organism very "interesting" to get acquainted with new products. But, the wrong dosage or an incorrectly prepared product contributes to the fact that the cheeks are covered with pink spots. If the product does not fit, then this is not a reason to refuse it at all. It is worth postponing a closer acquaintance for more late dates. Food allergies in infants are an easily solved problem. True, this statement is true in the case when an allergic reaction occurs either to protein or milk. In this case, a more serious approach is needed.

Allergy in infants: symptoms

No matter how much you would like the symptoms of an allergy in a baby to be more ordinary, in most cases, especially with strong reactions of the body, they cause serious concern for his life and health.

Allergic symptoms:

redness;
severe diaper rash in the perineum, even with active care;
patchy redness on different areas skin;
peeling of the skin on the underhair part and gneiss;
puffiness;
allergic rhinitis;
vomit;
regurgitation;
angioedema;
bronchospasm;
liquid stool;
flatulence and severe colic.

These are not all the symptoms that an allergy causes in a baby. Therefore, his condition must be treated with extreme caution and monitor not only the foods he consumes, but also what his mother eats and what he comes into contact with.

How does an allergy manifest in a baby?

If the baby has an allergic reaction to any food product, drug, cosmetics, complementary foods, it will not be slow to express itself actively. How does an allergy manifest in a baby? As she pleases. It can be a few spots on the cheeks or profuse rashes on the pope, dermatoses on the legs or peeling of the scalp, slight swelling with "bags under the eyes" or vomiting after feeding, diarrhea or constant water flowing from the nose. An allergy in a baby can occur to anything, so its process of learning a new world must be constantly monitored and tirelessly participated in it. Any changes that occur to a newborn are not without cause and may indicate a rather serious problems. As soon as signs of an allergic reaction appear, you should immediately contact your pediatrician. It is not at all necessary that you need to take antihistamines to eliminate allergic rashes, most likely you just need to exclude the allergen.

One of the common mistakes of parents is the cosmetic elimination of allergies with the help of ointments and baths. All this is good, but if with the help of these manipulations it was possible to get rid of external manifestations, then this does not mean at all that the allergy in the baby has passed. She's just cleverly disguised. In order to ensure the effectiveness of your measures to eliminate rashes, it is worth checking the condition of the child daily. Of course, by wiping the rashes with solutions of furacilin or bathing the strings in the infusion and generously lubricating with Sudocrem, we will notice the disappearance of scales and redness. But whether the allergy has passed, we will not know.

What does an allergy look like in babies?

Wanting to know what an allergy looks like in infants, you can look at every second child and see all the “beauty” of its manifestations. After all, pink cheeks are by no means from a blush, and flaky crusts on the head are not at all a sign of mother’s very fatty milk or hair renewal. And if the baby has slight swelling, then this does not necessarily indicate an addiction to breast milk and complementary foods. In most cases, if the baby does not have an innate predisposition to allergies, then curing it is quite simple. But, at the same time, you need to carefully monitor so that it does not happen again. After all, having cured visible complications, such as redness of the skin, few people will pay attention to constant runny nose, reducing it to a reaction to sunlight. There are many forms of manifestation of allergic reactions. She may look more than just pink spots, scaly scales, descending crusts and increased diaper rash. There are quite a few manifestations of such reactions and you need to know as much as possible about them.

Allergy in infants: how to treat

When an allergy appears in a baby, each parent thinks how to treat it. As mentioned above: masking its manifestations does not mean curing.

In order for the allergy in the baby to go away, you should:

review the mother's diet and remove from it foods that can cause allergies;
temporarily refuse complementary foods, if any;
do not take antihistamines, since they are almost completely contraindicated for children under one year old;
take small doses "Enterosgel";
restore the "destroyed" intestinal flora by taking lactobacilli;
make hygiene procedures more frequent and refrain from cosmetics.

How long does an allergy last in a baby?

The impatience of parents when they try to cure an allergy in a baby knows no bounds. This is understandable. Indeed, in this way they seek to protect their crumbs from unpleasant, and maybe even pain. How long does an allergy last in a baby? The question is purely individual. For some, when right approach on the second - third day it will become less noticeable and within a week it will almost completely disappear. And in advanced cases, when an allergy in a baby was not perceived as something serious, it can take at least a month. Especially if, along with peeling of the skin, diaper rash, redness, there were swelling and fluid from the nose. One thing is clear - the sooner you start treatment, the sooner it will pass.

Allergy to foods in infants

It doesn’t make sense to be very worried about the fact that there is an allergy to foods in infants. After all, just by excluding them from the diet, you can achieve an excellent effect. This applies to both the baby and his nursing mother. At the same time, the likelihood that such reactions will be observed in the future is not necessary. After all, the older the child becomes, the more enzymes and beneficial microorganisms are formed in their intestines, which means that it will become much easier to cope with these products. Further, allergic rashes practically won't bother you. The exceptions are protein and lactose intolerance.

protein allergy

Unfortunately, protein allergies are not uncommon. Recognizing it in a child is very problematic. Especially if five minutes ago he was cheerful and smiling, but now he is covered with a rash, his eyes are watering, and water is flowing from his nose. An additional reaction, outwardly poorly manifested, is pain in the stomach and difficulty in peristalsis.

It is worth remembering that an allergy to protein can occur when eating meat, in any of its manifestations, nuts, especially peanuts. Dairy products are less scary, but their intake should also be limited. For children with a similar reaction, it is advisable to follow a cereal vegetable diet, and it is also necessary to avoid meat products, even ordinary broths.

Allergy to milk

As it turned out, almost every fourth person is allergic to milk. If considered by geographic location, then the inhabitants of Asia and Africa are more susceptible to this allergy.

The reason for such a common phenomenon lies in lactose intolerance. In this case, for children who have a similar allergy and do not have the ability to fully break down animal protein, sour-milk products will be an excellent substitute. Fermented bacteria are very useful and provide the child's body with calcium to the fullest. So if the baby has a problem with milk tolerance, then he can safely eat kefir, yogurt and cottage cheese.

Allergy to mixture

Most parents should remember that formula allergies are very common. It must be selected with extreme caution, especially if the baby is predisposed to allergies. After all, there are a large number of different products on the market that can both suit the baby perfectly, and lead to the fact that the allergy to the mixture will manifest itself more and more. When introducing it as a complementary food or as a main product, it is worth remembering that the cost is not an indicator. The only thing worth paying attention to is the reaction of the baby to New Product. At the same time, quite often in the first days no allergy may be observed. And only after a week or two, when the amount of allergens has accumulated, they will appear "in full glory." If a dozen mixtures have been tried and each of them causes rashes, then it is worth not only contacting a pediatrician, but also conducting a series of tests. Perhaps the baby needs a hypoallergenic mixture. The sooner this feature will be recognized, the better. After all, jumping from one mixture to another means stressing the baby's body. An allergy to the mixture is easily eliminated if the right steps are taken in a timely manner.

Baby allergy to buckwheat

One of the most healthy cereals, introduced as a complementary food one of the first can also cause intolerance. Allergy in infants to buckwheat is a rather rare phenomenon. But every year it becomes more and more popular. If, after taking buckwheat porridge, the baby's eyes water, it flows from the nose, a small rash appears and the lips swell, then most likely he is endowed with this rare feature - intolerance to this useful product.

First of all, it is necessary to visit a pediatrician and an allergist, as well as pass an allergy test. The sooner the product is eliminated from the diet, the better.

Allergy to vitamins in infants

If you figure it out vitamin complexes in pure form not so useful. It is better to get everything you need from food than from synthetic drugs. Therefore, an allergy to vitamins in infants is not uncommon. This problem is quite easy to deal with. One has only to replace the complex of vitamins or make up for their deficiency in another way. The only thing that needs to be done initially is to determine which group of vitamins he has a similar reaction to. By excluding them, you can achieve excellent results.

Allergy to cats in babies

Animal hair can cause a serious reaction in a young organism. After all, the danger lies not only in the contact that causes such skin changes, but also in the fact that an allergy to cats in infants can cause edema. In this case, such a reaction occurs in a matter of minutes. There is no question of excluding these pets from the baby's immediate environment. This is mandatory measure precautions. As soon as at least some visible changes in the child's condition become apparent: tearing, swelling, reddening of the skin and fever, you should immediately contact a specialist and call an ambulance.

The baby has an allergy on the face

All parents are well aware that in a baby, an allergy on the face manifests itself first. As soon as red pimples appear on the forehead, cheeks, chin, this is a sure signal for action. Often, in this way, the body signals an inappropriate product used in food or cosmetics, with which the delicate skin of the baby was cared for.

Allergy on the cheeks of the baby

An allergy that has appeared on the cheeks of a baby almost always indicates an improper diet. At the same time, it may look like small pimples, or it may just resemble a blush. As a reaction to drugs, such a rash is also possible. With intolerance to protein or lactose, rashes can also affect the lips in addition to the cheeks.

Allergy in infants is a common phenomenon and it is quite simple to cope with it. This does not require special knowledge, but only the desire and desire to get rid of the symptoms of an allergic reaction. The child will be grateful to his caring parents for the manifestation of such guardianship and will delight you with a healthy blush and excellent appetite as soon as allergic manifestations will be eliminated.